Bosch WLO 20240 OE: инструкция
Характеристики, спецификации
Инструкция к Стиральной Машине Bosch WLO 20240 OE
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ʑ
ǀǗǒǜǏǚǪ
1. DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǪǬǰ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǫǦǷǻǤDZǬȃ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
2. a) ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ cǗǒǜǏǚǪ ǙǚǏǑǗǧ
2. b) ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǢǙǏǖǏǡǔǚǫǜǪǔ ǠǗǒǜǏǚǪ
ƳǗǠǞǚǔǘ/
ǀǡǏǟǡ/
ƾǏǢǖǏ
ƾǔǟǔǙǚǭǦǏǡǔǚǫ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ/
ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǥDzǴǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
Ǩǯȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǓǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵǯǷǪǬǶ
ǓDzǦDzǴǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǧ DzǥDzǬǹ
DZǤdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃǹ.
; ³¯¯* džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ (* Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ) ǬǯǬ ; (Džǩǫ
¥Ê ɯ °C džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ (¥Ê = ǹDzǯDzǨDZǤȃ)
DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ, dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
³¤ ¤ ǒǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzDzǵǯǩ ...
ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ, DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ ;)
1üü2üücü§Ê ǵǶǬǴǮǤ, dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ, DzǶǪǬǰ, ǨǯǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǬǯǬ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ: ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ Dz ǹDzǨǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ:
LjǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ ǵǦǩǶǬǶǵȃ, ǩǵǯǬ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ.
' DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ a ǕǶǴ. 5
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
1 2 3 4 5 6
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ
ǴǩǪǬǰ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
DZǤ Â
DZǤǪǰǤǶȀ
Ǭ ǨǩǴǪǤǶȀ
+
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǭǶǩ ǷǨǩǴǪǬǦǤǶȀ
Ǧ DZǤǪǤǶDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ DzǮ.
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
DzǨDZǷ
5 ǵǩǮ., dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǫǤǵǦǩǶȃǶǵȃ
ȁǯǩǰǩDZǶǿ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZ.
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ,
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǗǚǗ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â, ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ.
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ.
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ,
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â, ǻǶDzǥǿ
DzǨDZǷ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ.
ƱǏǧǏ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǏǮ ǛǏǧǗǜǏ
ƾǟǏǑǗǚǫǜǝǔ ǗǠǞǝǚǫǖǝǑǏǜǗǔ
ƾǝǓǒǝǡǝǑǙǏ
ƱǪǙǚǭǦǔǜǗǔ
dzǴDzǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DzǨǬDZ ǴǤǫ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ a ǕǶǴ. 9
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ..
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ǥǿǶDzǦDzǧDz dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ ǰǤǴǮǬ Bosch. ǡǶDzǶ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǶǯǬǻǤǩǶǵȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰDZǿǰ
ƾǝǖǓǟǏǑǚǮǔǛ ƱǏǠ ǵ dzDzǮǷdzǮDzǭ ǵDzǦǴǩǰǩDZDZDzǧDz, ǦǿǵDzǮDzǮǤǻǩǵǶǦǩDZDZDzǧDz
ʋ ǬǵǮǯȂǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǩǰ ǹDzǫȃǭǵǶǦǩ,
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǰ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǬǹǵȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZǤȃ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰDzǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ.
ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǩǭǵȃ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ ǼǩǴǵǶǬ,
ǵ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ.
ǀǝǟǡǗǟǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǖǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ʑ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǎǤǪǨǤȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ dzǩǴǩǨ ǦǿdzǷǵǮDzǰ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǩǧDz ǫǤǦDzǨǤ dzǴDzǹDzǨǬǶ
ǗǻǬǶǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǩǰ!
ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ dzǴDzǦǩǴǮǷ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ ǥǩǫǷǮDzǴǬǫDZǩDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǵǶDzȃDZǬȃ.
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǹDzǯDzǨDZDzǭ dzǬǶȀǩǦDzǭ
ǛǬǵǯDz DzǥDzǴDzǶDzǦ dzǴǬ DzǶǪǬǰǩ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ Dz DZǤǼǬǹ dzǴDzǨǷǮǶǤǹ, dzǴǬDZǤǨǯǩǪDZDzǵǶȃǹ,
ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ, ǮDzǶDzǴǿǩ ǰDzǪDZDz
ǦDzǨDzǭ Ǭ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǩǯȃ
ƾǟǝǑǔǟǫǡǔ ǛǏǧǗǜǢ
dž ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ DZǤ ȁǶǬǮǩǶǮǤǹ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃǰǬ.
ǓDz ǦǬǨǷ, ǺǦǩǶǷ, ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
ƶǏǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ ǙǟǏǜ
ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ. ǓDzǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬȃ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶȃǹ Ǭ ǵǩǴǦǬǵǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ DZǤ DZǤǼǩǰ ǵǤǭǶǩ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ
ʋ LjǩǶȃǰ Ǧ ǦDzǫǴǤǵǶǩ ǵǶǤǴǼǩ 8 ǯǩǶ ǬǯǬ ǯǬǺǤǰ ǵ DzǧǴǤDZǬǻǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǰǤǼǬDZǤǹ.
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǤǭǶǩ
Ǒǩ dzǴǩǦǿǼǤǭǶǩ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ. a ǕǶǴ. 7
Ǒǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǵ ǤǮǦǤ-ǵǶDzdzDzǰ
ǎȂǦǩǶǤ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
a ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ, njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ, ǕǶǴ. 7
.
ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ ǦǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ! aǕǶǴ. 9
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ. džǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ
°C (ǁǔǛǞǔǟǏǡǢǟǏ)
ǺǩDZǶǴDzǦ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǧDz DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ.
www.bosch-home.com ǬǯǬ dzDzǯǷǻǬǶǩ, DzǥǴǤǶǬǦǼǬǵȀ Ǧ DzǨǬDZ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǬǹ
ǸǬǫǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ, ǵǩDZǵDzǴDZǿǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǷǰǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǵdzDzǵDzǥDZDzǵǶȃǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǵ DZǩǨDzǵǶǤǶǮDzǰ DzdzǿǶǤ Ǭ ǫDZǤDZǬǭ,
ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǧ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ!
DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ!
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ. Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ!
ǵ ȃǻǩǭǮǤǰǬ I, II, ~
ƱǪǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǦǤǴȀǬǴǷǩǶ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ Ǭ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǒǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz dzǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ dzǩǴǩǨ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǩǭ
ǞǟǗǠǛǝǡǟǝǛ DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ ǬǯǬ
ǴǤǫǴǩǼǤǩǶǵȃ dzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZDzǭ ǞǝǓ
ǑǗǚǙǢ Ǒ ǟǝǖǔǡǙǢ
ƱǠǡǏǑǫǡǔ ǧǡǔǞǠǔǚǫǜǢǭ
Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ.
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ
(ǀǙǝǟǝǠǡǫ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ)/; (ưǔǖ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ = ǐǔǖ ǝǙǝǜǦǏǡǔǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ)
ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ!
ǞǝǠǚǔ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ ǠǝǝǡǑǔǡǠǡǑǢǭǨǗǤ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǘ DzǶ DZǬǹ.
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǦǔǠǙǏǮ ǢǡǗǚǗǖǏǥǗǮ
ǕǯǩǨǷǭǶǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰ ǶǩǹDZǬǮǬ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ DZǤ ǵǶǴ. 8!
ǖDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ!
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǗǡǔ ǛǝǭǨǔǔ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ Ǘ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ
ǓǤDZǩǯȀ ǷdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃ
ǔǷǻǮǤ
DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ): ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ
ljǵǯǬ ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZDz ; (Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ, ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǴǤǶȀ ; (Džǩǫ
ǗǶǬǯǬǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǷ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ȁǮDzǯDzǧǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ
Ǒǩ DzǵǶǤǦǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ǥǩǫ
LjǩǴǪǬǶǩ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ǓǚǮ ǠǞǔǥǗǏǚǫǜǝǘ ǝǐǟǏǐǝǡǙǗ
dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ!
ǫǤ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ!
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ: ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDzǰ ǥǩǯȀȃ, ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ
ǯȂǮǤ
ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ
/> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ.
Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ, ǷǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ ;). ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDz ǦǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǶ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ǶǴǩǥDzǦǤDZǬȃǰǬ.
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
LjǤDZDZǿǭ ǥǿǶDzǦDzǭ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǥDzǫDZǤǻǩDZ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦDzǭ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZȃǶȀ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ dzDz ǻǬǵǶǮǩ Ǭ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǬǧǴǤǶȀǵȃ ǵ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǰ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǰ!
ƽǡǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ
ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ, ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ (ȁǶǷ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ dzǴǩǨDzǵǶǤǦǬǶ džǤǰ džǤǼǩ
2002/96/EG «ǒǥ DzǶǹDzǨǤǹ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzDZDZDzǧDz
dzǴǩǨdzǴǬȃǶǬǩ ǦDzǨDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬȃ) Ǭ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ.
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ dzDzǵǶDzǴDzDZDZǬǩ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶǿ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ
ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǰǷ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǥǩǫ dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
ǙǟǏǜ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ
dzDzȃǦǯǩDZǬȃ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ.
DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ!
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ ǪǬǨǮDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǭ ǨDzǫǤǶDzǴ
Ljǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǥǩǫ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǬ Ǩǯȃ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ:
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ. ǓǩǴǩǨ DZǤǻǤǯDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZǤ ǫǤǨǩǴǪǮǤ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǓǴǬ ǦǿǥDzǴǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǦǿǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǤȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
(ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ)
DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ» (waste electrical and electronic equipment WEEE).
LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦǤ DzdzǴǩǨǩǯȃǩǶ dzDzǴȃǨDzǮ ǵǥDzǴǤ Ǭ ǷǶǬǯǬǫǤǺǬǬ ǵǶǤǴǿǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ
dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ DZǤ ǶǩǴǴǬǶDzǴǬǬ Ǧǵǩǹ ǵǶǴǤDZ ljǕ.
Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǰ ǪǬǦDzǶDZǿǰ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ
ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ II: ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ DzǵDZDzǦDZDzǧDz ǺǬǮǯǤ
džDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ: DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ, DzǶǮǴǿǦǤȃ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ!
Ǭ dzDzǯDzǪǬǶǩ ǩǧDz Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ.
DzǵǶǤǦǼǤȃǵȃ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǿǵDzǹǯǤ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰǬ, ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ, ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǷǰȃǧǻǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ,
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǻǤǵDzǦ (h=ǻǤǵ). džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǑǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ (ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ) ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ, dzDzǮǤ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ DZǩ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǪǩǯǤǩǰDzǩ
džǴǩǰȃ ǎDzDZǩǺ ǻǩǴǩǫ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǯDzǪǬǶȀ dzDzǻǤǵDzǦǿǰǬ ǬDZǶǩǴǦǤǯǤǰǬ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǷǰ ǨDz 24h.
ʋ ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩ .................................................................1
ǀǝǓǔǟǕǏǜǗǔ ǕǶǴ.
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
DzǶǥǩǯǬǦǤǶǩǯȀ, ǵDzǯȀ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
ʋ ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ......................................................................................... 1
ǓDzǨǴDzǥDZǿǭ DzǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ a ǕǶǴ. 7
ǓǴǩǨǷdzǴǩǪǨǤǩǶ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǬǩ.
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ǖǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ Ǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǦǿǥǬǴǤȂǶǵȃ ǬDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZDz
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ I: ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ~: ǎDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴ, ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ
LJǷǵǶǿǩ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǿ Ǭ DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯǬ ǴǤǫǦDzǨǬǶǩ ǦDzǨDzǭ.
ʑ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ a ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ, ǕǶǴ. 7
Ĉ
(speed)
Ljǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǥDzǯǩǩ ǮDzǴDzǶǮDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ,
ʋ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǭ DZǤǵǶǴDzǭǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ............................................. 3
ʋ ǓDzǨǧDzǶDzǦǮǤ................................................................................................2
ʋ ǕǶǬǴǮǤ ............................................................................................. 3/4
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǂǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǏ ** Ǘ ǜǏǠǡǟǝǘǙǏ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
** ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ
1
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǏ ǝǙǝǜǦǔǜǏ ...
aǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ, ǕǶǴ. 7
ǤDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǰǬ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ. ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǤ
ʋ ǓDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ..................................................................................... 4
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ, ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ
... DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ §Ê.
ć(ǡǮDz)
Ljǯȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰǬǬ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ, dzDzǨDzǥDZǿǰǬ
ʋ ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ............................................................................... 7
ʋ njDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ ....................................................... 5/6
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ. 30 °C
' ǰǬǧǤǩǶ, ǩǵǯǬ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ.
ƾǟǔǟǪǑǏǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
a džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ, ǕǶǴ. 5
= (džDzǨǤ dzǯȂǵ)
ǓDzǦǿǼǩDZDZǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǷǦǩǯǬǻǩDZDZDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ:
Ljǯȃ ǴǩǧǬDzDZDzǦ ǵ DzǻǩDZȀ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦDzǨDzǭ ǬǯǬ Ǩǯȃ ǷǯǷǻǼǩDZǬȃ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶDzǦ
ʋ džǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ.............................................................................. 9
ʋ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ......................................................................... 8
ʋ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ dzDz ǶǩǹDZǬǮǩ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ............................................. 8
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ,
ǎǯǤǦǬǼǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ DzdzǺǬǭ
anjDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ,
dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ.
1
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ
ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ. 30 °C
Ljǯȃ DzǹǯǤǪǨǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ:
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ.
ʑ
ʋ ǗǹDzǨ/ǛǬǵǶǮǤ...................................................................................... 10
ǕǶǴ. 5
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ DZǬǫǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ:
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ưǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ
ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ.
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ :
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ
ʋ ǖǩǹDzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬǩ............................................................................11
ʋ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ.................................................................10
dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ '
ǕǯǷǻǤǭDZDzǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZǿǹ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǰdzǰ ǹ ȀǭǸǹǺȄȆ Ǫ ǹǶǹǺǨǪǭ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰdzǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
3
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ (ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ǵǯǬǦ: ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ (ǒǶǪǬǰ) DZǤ ;).
ON/OFF: ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ/DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ, DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ
ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬǩ: DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǵǶǤǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZDZDzǭ ǨDz ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǧDz
DzǮ. 5 ǵǩǮǷDZǨ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ $(ǀǡǏǟǡ/ƾǏǢǖǏ).
ƷǖǛǔǜǔǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ, ǔǠǚǗ ...
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǨǤǪǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ!
ʋ ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǵǯǷǪǥǤ ............................................................................... 13
ʋ ǡǮǵǶǴǩDZDZǤȃ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ.........................................................13
ʋ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ, ǩǵǯǬ ... .................................................................. 12/13
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
/> ǒǶǪǬǰ/ǕǯǬǦ ȁDzǹǺǸǨǶǺǮǰǴ ǹ ǸǭǫǻdzǰǸǻǭǴǶDZ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄȆ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǰdzǰ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ ǬǶǷ. ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǹ ǶǺǮǰǴǶǴ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǷ dzǩǴǩǨ ǫǤdzǷǵǮDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ dzǴǬ
ǶǺǮǰǴǨ = ǩǭǯ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵǶǫǶ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ); Ǭdzȇ ȅǺǶǫǶ
ǺǶdzȄDzǶ ǹdzǰǪ ǪǶǬȃ Ǭdzȇ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ; (ljǭǯ
... ǵǯǷǻǤǭDZDz ǦǿǥǴǤDZǤ DzǼǬǥDzǻDZǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ:
DZǤǨDzǥDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ dzDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ƱǪǐǔǟǗǡǔ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ƾǏǢǖǏ)
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǫǤDZDzǦDz.
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǮ/ƿǔǙǝǛǔǜǓǏǥǗǗ Ǟǝ ǬǙǝǜǝǛǗǗ
$ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ƾǏǢǖǏ)
30'/15'
/ ǕǷdzǩǴ ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
ǻǹǺǨǵǶǪǰǺǭ (ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ) ǵǨ ;
2
ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǮǴǿǼǮǤ
ǑDzǦǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǤǻǬDZǤǩǶǵȃ ǵDZǤǻǤǯǤ.
ʑ
Ljǯȃ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ ǬǯǬ dzǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬȃ Ǭ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ, Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ/ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǶȀ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DzǶDZDzǵǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǧDz
ƾǟǔǟǑǏǡǫ/ƾǟǝǓǝǚǕǗǡǫ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǢ ...
ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ.
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨDZǩ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǥǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǩǯȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
DŽǦǶDzǰǤǶǬǻǩǵǮDzǩ dzǴDzǹDzǪǨǩDZǬǩ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ
ǫDZǤǻǩDZǬǭ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ dzDzǵǯǩ
... DZǤdzǴ., Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ a ǕǶǴ. 9
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DZǤǪǤǶǬȃ
dzDzǮǤǫǿǦǤǩǶ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǕǶǤǴǶ/ƾǏǢǖǏ). ǗǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶDz DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 90 °C dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 60 °C + ć(ǡǮDz). DŽDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵDz
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ/DžǯǷǫǿ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ
DZǤ ǮDZDzdzǮǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ!
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ
ǯ (Ǒǩ), ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǫDZǤǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz dzDzDZǬǪǩDZDZǿǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬǩǰ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ.
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
$ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǭ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ.
LjǪǬDZǵǿ
ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ljǵǯǬ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǷǼǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ,
ǶDz ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
0212
9000748324
WLO20240OE
WLO24260OE
WLO20260OE
ƾǟǦǘǘ; ǃǚǐǗǐǝǘǯ
Ĉ(speed) *, ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ĉ(speed) *, ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
Ǭdzȇ ǶǹǶǩǶ ǿǻǪǹǺǪǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ DzǶǮǰ, ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ
ǹ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵǶDZ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸǶDZ, ǷǶǪȃȀǭǵǵȃǴ ǻǸǶǪǵǭǴ ǪǶǬȃ,
ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǴ ǾǰDzdzǶǴ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶǮǵǶ ǹǺǰǸǨǺȄ ǪǴǭǹǺǭ
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
ǹǶDzǸǨȁǭǵǵȃǭ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǰ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵȃDZ ǶǺǮǰǴ
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
ǩǭǯ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǴǭǮǬǻ ǾǰDzdzǨǴǰ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
ǶǹǶǩǭǵǵǶ ǩǭǸǭǮǵǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ǭdzȇ ǷǸǭǬǶǺǪǸǨȁǭǵǰȇ
ǻǹǨǬDzǰ ǺDzǨǵǰ, ǩǶdzǭǭ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǭ ǷǨǻǯȃ ǪǶ ǪǸǭǴȇ
ǪȃǷǶdzǵǭǵǰȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ (ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ dzǭǮǨǺ
Ǫ ǹǺǰǸǨdzȄǵǶǴ ǸǨǹǺǪǶǸǭ)
Ĉ(speed) *;
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ, ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ Ǭdzȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ dzǭǫDzǶDZ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ
Carl-Wery-Str. 34
Robert Bosch Hausgeräte GmbH
81739 München/Deutschland
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ, /> ǒǶǪǬǰ/ǕǯǬǦ
Ʋǘǔ ǑǕǛǬǯ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ, ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹ ǰǵǺǭǵǹǰǪǵȃǴ ǸǨǹǽǶǬǶǴ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶȅǵǭǸǫǰǰ Ǭdzȇ ǹǰdzȄǵǶ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǵȃǽ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ, ǵǨǷǸ., ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ, ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ, dzȄǵǨ,
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ.
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ, dzȄǵǨ, ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰDzǰ ǰdzǰ
ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ, ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ, ǵǨǷǸ., ǰǯ ȀǭdzDzǨ, ǹǨǺǰǵǨ,
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨǭǴȃǽ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ǰdzǰ Ǫ ǴǨȀǰǵǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ
ǰdzǰ ǹ ǬǶǩǨǪdzǭǵǰǭǴ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ, ǵǨǷǸ., ǰǯ DzǨȀǭǴǰǸǨ, ǴǶǽǭǸǨ ǰdzǰ ǨǵǫǶǸȃ
ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ ǺǨDzǮǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǭDZǹȇ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ȀǭdzDzǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ; DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
6,0 Dzǫ/
3,5 Dzǫ *
3,0 Dzǫ
2,0 Dzǫ
3,5 Dzǫ/
2,0 Dzǫ *
¥Ê 90 °C
¥Ê 60 °C
¥Ê 40 °C
¥Ê 60 °C
¥Ê 40 °C
¥Ê 40 °C
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ
ƽǐǖǝǟ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ a ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ DZǤ ǶǤǥǯǬǺǷ «ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ» DZǤ ǕǶǴ. 8 Ǭ «ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ» DZǤ ǕǶǴ. 9!
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ °C ǜǐǚǡ.
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ¥Ê 60 °C
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
1
ǥǩǯȀȄ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ/
DžǯǷǫǿ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ:
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ¥Ê 40 °C 1,0 Dzǫ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
/ ǕǷdzǩǴ
ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ 30'/15'
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǷǶ ȇǿǭDZDzǨǴ I ǰ II.
* ǔǭǵȄȀǨȇ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǨ Ǫ ǶǷǾǰǰ Ĉ(speed).
ǗǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǩǭǯ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǯǨǫǸǻǮǨǺȄ Ǫ ȇǿǭDZDzǻ II, ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǹ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǶDZ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǸǨǹǷǸǭǬǭdzǰǺȄ
7
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ Ǟǝ ǡǔǤǜǗǙǔ ǐǔǖǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǗ
ǓǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ, ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ, Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ
ǦǵȂ dzǴǬǯǤǧǤǩǰǷȂ Ǯ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬDzDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤDZǬȃ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǥǷǨǷǽǩǰ.
Ǭ ǨǩǭǵǶǦǷǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ dzǴǬǦǩǨǩDZDZǿǰǬ ǶǤǰ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ.
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ
ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǫǤ dzǴDzǦDzǨ, ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǫǤ ǧDzǯDzǦǮǷ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǜǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǦǵǶǤǦǯȃǶȀ Ǧ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǷ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǤǶȀ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǦǬǯǮǬ!
ƽǞǏǠǜǝ ǓǚǮ ǕǗǖǜǗ Ljǯȃ ǦǿǥǿǦǼǬǹ Ǭǫ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ:
ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ.
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
ǓǩǴǩǴǩǪȀǶǩ ǵǩǶǩǦDzǭ ǮǤǥǩǯȀ Ǭ ǦǿǥǴDzǵȀǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ ǵDz ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǦǬǯǮDzǭ.
ǕǯDzǰǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǰDzǮ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz ǯȂǮǤ. LjǩǶǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǫǤǮǴǿǶȀǵȃ Ǧ dzǴǬǥDzǴǩ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǢǓǢǧǫǮ Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶȃǰ ǬǧǴǤǶȀ ǵ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮDzǭ, dzǯǩDZǮDzǭ Ǭ ǻǤǵǶȃǰǬ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǬ.
Ǭ dzDzǨǦǩǴǧDZǷǶȀ ǵǦDzȂ ǪǬǫDZȀ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ.
ǝǡǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
Ǧ DZǩǨDzǵǶǷdzDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǰǩǵǶǩ.
Ǒ ǟǔǖǢǚǫǡǏǡǔ ǑǖǟǪǑǏ
ǖǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ, DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǤDZDZǿǩ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤǰǬ,
ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰǬ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯǬ, (DZǤdzǴ., ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ/
ǥǩDZǫǬDZ Ǩǯȃ ǻǬǵǶǮǬ) ǰDzǧǷǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǦǫǴǿǦǷ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǻǩDZȀ ǵǬǯȀDZDz DZǤǧǴǩǶȀǵȃ.
dzǴDzdzDzǯDzǵDZǷǶȀ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ.
ǖǤǮǬǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZDz
ǡǟǏǑǛ
DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǯǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǧDz ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ.
Ǒǩ ǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩǵȀ DZǤ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ.
Ǒǩ DzdzǬǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ DZǤ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ.
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ.
ƾǏǟǏǛǔǡǟǪ ǟǏǠǤǝǓǏ
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǐ
ƴǞǟǞǛǝǘǢǕǛǬǝǐǯ
ǤǣǝǚǦǘǯ
ƷǐǓǠǣǗǚǐ
ǀǐǡǥǞǔ ǭǛǕǚǢǠǞ-
ǭǝǕǠǓǘǘ
***
ƲǞǔǐ
***
ǝǞǡǢǬ ǟǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ
ƿǠǞǔǞǛǖǘǢǕǛǬ-
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
20 °C **
***
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
40 °C **
6,0 Dzǫ 0,94 DzNJǺǿ 64 dz 2:05 ǿ
6,0 Dzǫ 0,27 DzNJǺǿ 64 dz 2:05 ǿ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
60 °C
6,0 Dzǫ 1,29 DzNJǺǿ 64 dz 2:05 ǿ
ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ 40 °C **
90 °C
60 °C */**
ć
ǥDzǶ
(
)** 6,0 Dzǫ 1,02 DzNJǺǿ 48 dz 3:00 ǿ
6,0 Dzǫ 2,12 DzNJǺǿ 72 dz 2:10 ǿ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ 30 °C 2,0 Dzǫ 0,22 DzNJǺǿ 35 dz 0:43 ǿ
3,0 Dzǫ 0,59 DzNJǺǿ 48 dz 1:22 ǿ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ : 30 °C 2,0 Dzǫ 0,16 DzNJǺǿ 40 dz 0:40 ǿ
* ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰȇ ǰ DzdzǨǹǹǰǼǰDzǨǾǰǰ ȅǵǭǸǫǶǷǶǺǸǭǩdzǭǵǰȇ ǹǶǫdz. njǰǸǭDzǺǰǪȃ EN60456:2005.
** ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǶǫdz. EC60456 Ǫ ǨDzǺǻǨdzȄǵǶDZ Ǫ ǵǨǹǺǶȇȁǭǭ ǪǸǭǴȇ ǪǭǸǹǰǰ.
ǛDzǨǯǨǵǰǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǸǨǪǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ: njdzȇ ǷǸǶǪǭǬǭǵǰȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǪȃǷǶdzǵȇǭǺǹȇ Ǫ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ
*** ǏǵǨǿǭǵǰȇ ǶǺdzǰǿǨȆǺǹȇ Ǫ ǯǨǪǰǹǰǴǶǹǺǰ ǶǺ ǬǨǪdzǭǵǰȇ ǪǶǬȃ, ǮǭǹǺDzǶǹǺǰ ǪǶǬȃ ǰ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǷǶǹǺǻǷǨȆȁǭDZ ǪǶǬȃ, Ǩ ǺǨDzǮǭ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨǽ ǹ ǻDzǨǯǨǵǵǶDZ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǶDZ ǰ ǴǨDzǹǰǴǨdzȄǵȃǴ ǿǰǹdzǶǴ ǶǩǶǸǶǺǶǪ.
ǵǨǷǸȇǮǭǵǰȇ Ǫ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶǹǭǺǰ ǰ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵȃǽ ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǼǻǵDzǾǰDZ ǶǺ ǷǸǰǪǭǬǭǵǵȃǽ ǯǵǨǿǭǵǰDZ.
ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǶDzǸǻǮǨȆȁǭDZ ǹǸǭǬȃ, ǺǰǷǨ, DzǶdzǰǿǭǹǺǪǨ ǰ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ, ǴǶȆȁǭǫǶ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǨ, DzǶdzǭǩǨǵǰDZ
8
8
ƱǏǕǜǪǔ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǪǤȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ! ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ.
ǣǻǩǭǮǷ II ǫǤdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ:
dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz 1 ǯǬǶǴDzǰ ǦDzǨǿ.
ǰDzȂǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ (ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǩǯȃ ǯǩǧǮDzǭ
ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǭ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵDz ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶǬ ǦDzǨǿ).
ǓDzǵǯǩ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ Ǧ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ Â ƱǪǙǚ..
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 90 °C. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǓǴǬ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ Ǧǵǩǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ, ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ
ưǔǟǔǕǜǝǔ ǝǡǜǝǧǔǜǗǔ Ǚ ǐǔǚǫǭ Ǘ ǛǏǧǗǜǔ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵȄ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ.
ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ.
ǓǴDzǵǯǩǨǬǶǩ Ǧ DzǵDzǥǩDZDZDzǵǶǬ, ǻǶDzǥǿ Ǧ ǮǤǴǰǤDZǤǹ DZǩ DzǵǶǤǦǤǯDzǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǹ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶDzǦ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ/ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ (ǻǷǯǮǬ, ǧǤǴǨǬDZǿ, ǥȂǵǶǧǤǯȀǶǩǴǤ).
(ǵǮǴǩdzDzǮ Ǭ Ƕ.dz.).
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǰǮǬ-ǰDzǯDZǬǬ, ǫǤǵǶǩǧDZǬǶǩ dzǷǧDzǦǬǺǿ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ.
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǮǴȂǻǮǬ ǵDz ǼǶDzǴ ǬǯǬ ǵǦȃǪǬǶǩ Ǭǹ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ/ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ.
džǿǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǽǩǶǮDzǭ dzǩǵDzǮ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ Ǭ DzǶǦDzǴDzǶDzǦ.
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ.
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ!
ưǔǚǫǔ ǟǏǖǚǗǦǜǝǘ ǠǡǔǞǔǜǗ ǖǏǒǟǮǖǜǔǜǜǝǠǡǗ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DZDzǦǿǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDz.
ǏǩǧǮDzǩ Džǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ. ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ DzdzǺǬǬ
Ĉ (Speed).
ǓǴDzǦǩǨǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǷ dzȃǶǩDZ, ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ.
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ, ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 7 + ƾǟǔǓǑ. ǠǡǗǟǙǏ.
ǕǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǐǩDZȀǼǩǩ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ.
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 7 + ƾǟǔǓǑ. ǠǡǗǟǙǏ.
NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ II ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǬǯǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
ƶǏǛǏǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ NjǤǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǨǬDZǤǮDzǦDzǧDz ǺǦǩǶǤ.
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 30 °C. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz ǻǩǴǩǫ 10 ǰǬDZǷǶ $ (ǕǶǤǴǶ/ƾǏǢǖǏ), ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ.
ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦDZDzǦȀ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/
ǓǤǷǫǤ), ǻǶDzǥǿ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ.
ƹǟǏǤǛǏǚǔǜǗǔ DžǩǯȀǩ DZǩǯȀǫȃ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤǶȀ ǵ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴDzǰ.
ǓDzǨǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǦDz Ǧǵǩǹ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤǹ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz
ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ~ (ȃǻǩǭǮǷ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ).
ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǤ. NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ Ǩǯȃ
ƹǟǏǧǔǜǗǔ/ƽǐǔǠǥǑǔǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ
ǒǮǴǤǼǬǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǬǫǦDzǨǬǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz Ǧ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǩ, DzǥǿǻDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǹ ǷǵǯDzǦǬǭ.
ǮǴǤǵȃǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ! Ƽǔ DzǥǩǵǺǦǩǻǬǦǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ!
ǕDzǯȀ ǰDzǪǩǶ ǴǤǫǴǷǼǤǶȀ DZǩǴǪǤǦǩȂǽǷȂ ǵǶǤǯȀ! ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ dzǴǩǨdzǬǵǤDZǬȃ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
9
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ!
ǂǤǝǓ/džǗǠǡǙǏ
ƱǖǟǪǑǝǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ! Ǒǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȃǰǬ!
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
ʑ
ƹǝǟǞǢǠ ǛǏǧǗǜǪ, ǞǏǜǔǚǫ ǢǞǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz DZǩǰǩǨǯǩDZDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ.
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ dzDzǨ ǵǶǴǷǩǭ ǦDzǨǿ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǓǴDzǶǴǬǶǩ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ, ǦǯǤǪDZDzǭ ǶǮǤDZȀȂ.
ƹǭǑǔǡǢ ǓǚǮ ǛǝǭǨǗǤ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑ ǜǔǝǐǤǝǓǗǛǝ ǞǝǦǗǠǡǗǡǫ ...
... Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǤǯǬǻǬȃ DzǵǶǤǶǮDzǦ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǬǯǬ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz
DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ.
1. džǿǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ ǨDz ǷdzDzǴǤ, DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǦDZǬǫ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ
2. njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ: DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ dzǤǯȀǺǩǰ DZǤ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǵDZǬǫǷ ǦǦǩǴǹ.
Ǭǫ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
3. džǤDZDZDzǻǮǷ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ dzǴDzǰDzǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ
4. džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǩǩ (DZǤǨǩDZȀǶǩ ǺǬǯǬDZǨǴ
ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǽǩǶǮǬ Ǭ ǦǿǶǴǬǶǩ Ǭǹ DZǤǵǷǹDz.
5. džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz.
DZǤ DZǤdzǴǤǦǯȃȂǽǬǭ ǵǶǩǴǪǩDZȀ).
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ dzǴǬDzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ, ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǵǰDzǧǯǬ ǦǿǵDzǹDZǷǶȀ.
ʑ
ưǏǟǏǐǏǜ
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ, ǻǶDzǥǿ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ ǦǿǵDzǹ.
Ljǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ ǦDzǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ, DZǩ ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰ ǹǯDzǴǤ,
DZǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ ǧǷǥǮǤǰǬ.
ʑ
ǂǓǏǚǔǜǗǔ ǜǏǙǗǞǗ dž ǰǤǼǬDZǩ DZǩ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǯǩǪǤǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ!
ǓǴǬ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ. dž dzǴDzǶǬǦDZDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǨǩǭǵǶǦDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ. ǕDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǬDzǥǴǩǵǶǬ
ǻǩǴǩǫ DZǤǼǷ ǵǶǴǤDZǬǺǷ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ. a ǕǶǴ. 13
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ ǜǏ ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
§j ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ.
ǯ
ǏȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǭǫ-ǫǤ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǿ.
ǏȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǭǫ-ǫǤ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ. aǕǯǩǭǶǩ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ
aǓDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ, dzDzǮǤ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ DZǩǰDZDzǧDz ǵDZǬǫǬǶǵȃ.
ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ (džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ, DZǤdzǴ., /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ).
§: ³Å
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ dzDzǯDZDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ.
ǕDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ. ǕǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮDzǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ.
a ǕǶǴ. 11: njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ, ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟa Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
§: ³µ
ǑǤǵDzǵ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ.
a ǕǶǴ. 11: njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ, ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǜǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ/ǵǯǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǴǷǥǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǿ. a ǕǶǴ. 11: njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ,
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
§: ´
džDzǨǤ Ǧ dzDzǨǨDzDZǩ, ǰǤǼǬDZǤ DZǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZǤ. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ.
džǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ!
'
ljǵǯǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ. džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ. a ǕǶǴ. 5
ª
ǐǬǧǤǩǶ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǥDzǯȀǼDzǧDz ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ.
a ǕǶǴ. 12
ƳǟǢǒǗǔ Ǡǝ-
ǝǐǨǔǜǗǮ ǜǏ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ dzǴǬǥDzǴ, dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ 5 ǵǩǮǷDZǨ Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǩǧDz ǵDZDzǦǤ.
ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ
ljǵǯǬ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǵDZDzǦǤ, ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ. a ǕǶǴ. 13
10
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ!
ǁǔǤǝǐǠǚǢǕǗǑǏǜǗǔ
LjǤǭǶǩ DzǵǶǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǰǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǰǷ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǷ!
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ!
ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ
1. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ.
ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
2. ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ.
3. ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ Ǭ ǵǯǩǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ.
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǧ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȀ.
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz.
ǓǴǬǧDzǶDzǦȀǶǩ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǷȂ ǩǰǮDzǵǶȀ.
4. ǒǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz DzǶǦǬDZǶǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ (džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ! ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ).
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DZǤǵDzǵ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ, ǴǩǫȀǥǷ ǮǴǿǼǮǬ DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǭ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ DZǤǵDzǵǤ
(ǯDzdzǤǵǶDZDzǩ ǮDzǯǩǵDz DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǵǦDzǥDzǨDZDz
ǦǴǤǽǤǶȀǵȃ).
5. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǮǴǷǶǬǶǩ ǩǩ.
6. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ.
ǔǷǻǮǤ ǨDzǯǪDZǤ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ Ǧ ǦǩǴǶǬǮǤǯȀDZDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ.
ǛǶDzǥǿ dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ ǦǿǶǩǮǤDZǬǩ Ǧ ǵǶDzǮ DZǩǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ II 1 ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ.
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ:
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
1. ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǹDzǰǷǶ Ǩǯȃ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ, DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz ǵDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ.
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
2. ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǵǬǸDzDZDZǿǭ dzǤǶǴǷǥDzǮ.
(džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ! ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ.)
3. ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰǩǵǶDz ǵDzǩǨǬDZǩDZǬȃ ǹDzǰǷǶDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ.
ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟa Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ!
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǷ ǫǤǽǬǶDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz «DŽǮǦǤ-ǵǶDzdz» (DzǵDZǤǽǩDZDz
1. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ!
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǼǯǤDZǧǩ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ:
ȁǯǩǮǶǴǬǻǩǵǮǬǰ ǮǯǤdzǤDZDzǰ).
2. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǯȂǥǷȂ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ (ǮǴDzǰǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ/ /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ).
3. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ). džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ DzǮ. 40 ǵǩǮǷDZǨ.
4. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ.. njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
5. ǒǶǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ DzǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZDzǧDz ǮǴǤDZǤ.
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ:
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮDzǭ ǽǩǶǮǬ.
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵDz ǵdzǬDZǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ,
Ǘ/ǗǚǗ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǕǶǤDZǨǤǴǶ Ǭ Aqua-Secure.
Ǭ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǩǧDz.
ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ dzǯDzǵǮDzǧǷǥǺǩǦ
6. ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǭ dzǴDzǦǩǴȀǶǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZDzǵǶȀ.
11
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ, ǔǠǚǗ ...
ʑ
džǿǶǩǮǤǩǶ ǦDzǨǤ. NjǤǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ/džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDz ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ.
NjǤǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǨDz DzǶǮǤǫǤ ǦǬDZǶDzǦDzǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬǩ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ.
ʑ
džDzǨǤ DZǩ ǫǤǯǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
Ǒǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ)?
DZǩ ǫǤǰǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǐDzǪǩǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǵDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ?
džDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ? ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ a ǕǶǴ. 11
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ?
ʑ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ ǸǷDZǮǺǬȃ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ. ǓǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ?
džǿǥǴǤDZDz - - - - (Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ)?
a ǕǶǴ. 4
ǐDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz dzǷǶǩǰ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ?
a ǕǶǴ. 3, 4
a ǕǶǴ. 13
ʑ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǩ
NjǤǮǴǿǶ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ?
džǿǥǴǤDZDz $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ) ǬǯǬ (ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ)?
ʑ
ǐDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
DZǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
džǿǥǴǤDZDz - - - - (Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ)?
ǓDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤȂǽǬǭ DZǤǵDzǵ. aǕǶǴ. 11
a ǕǶǴ. 3,4
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZǷȂ ǶǴǷǥǷ Ǭ/ǬǯǬ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ.
ʑ
dž ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ DZǩ ǦǬǨDZDz
ǦDzǨǿ.
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦDzǨǤ DZǬǪǩ ǦǬǨǬǰDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ.
ʑ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǿ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
DZǩǷǨDzǦǯǩǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǿ,
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǴǩǴǦǤǯǤ DzǶǪǬǰ
ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǮǴDzǩ/ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ
ǦǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬǩ DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
ǦǯǤǪDZDzǩ.
ǐǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ Ǭ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ ǦǩǽǬ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǬǶǩ ǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDz
džǿǥǴǤDZǤ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ? a ǕǶǴ. 5
Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ.
ʑ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǰǩDZȃǩǶǵȃ
ǓǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzǴǬǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǩ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǺǬǮǯǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ.
ǵ dzǴDzǺǩǵǵDzǰ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ. ǡǶDz ǰDzǪǩǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬȃǰ
ʑ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz DZǤǻǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǸǤǫǤ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ.
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
ʑ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǩ
0 Ǩǯȃ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ.
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzDzǰDzǭǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ. a ǕǶǴ. 10
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ Ǒǩ ǦǯǬȃǩǶ DZǤ ȁǸǸǩǮǶǬǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ.
ʑ
ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
NjǤdzǤǹ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ
džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 90 °C ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ.
njǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩ ǷDZǬǦǩǴǵǤǯȀDZDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz.
ʑ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ª
ǰǬǧǤǩǶ. njǫ ǮȂǦǩǶǿ Ǩǯȃ
NjǤǧǴǷǪǩDZDz ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǰDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ?
ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǰDzǪǩǶ
ǦǿǵǶǷdzǤǶȀ dzǩDZǤ.
ǪǬǨǮDzǵǶȀ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ II. (ǑǩǯȀǫȃ dzǴǬǰǩDZȃǶȀ Ǩǯȃ ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǤǯȀDZDzǭ
ǕǰǩǼǤǭǶǩ 1 ǵǶ. ǯ. ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ǵ ½ ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǯǩǭǶǩ
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨDzǫǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
ǵ dzǷǹDzǰ!)
DzǨǩǪǨǿ Ǩǯȃ ǤǮǶǬǦDZDzǧDz DzǶǨǿǹǤ, ǵdzDzǴǶǤ Ǭ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ
ʑ
ǜǷǰǿ, ǦǬǥǴǤǺǬǬ Ǭ
dzǩǴǩǰǩǽǩDZǬǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
NjǤǸǬǮǵǬǴDzǦǤDZǿ ǯǬ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ?
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ DzǶǪǬǰǤ.
ǕDZȃǶǿ ǯǬ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ?
ǓǴǬǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ Ǯ dzDzǯǷ. a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ.
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ʑ
ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ DZǩ
LjǬǵdzǯǩǭ/ǯǤǰdzDzǻǮǬ
ǓǩǴǩǥDzǭ Ǧ dzDzǨǤǻǩ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ?
ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǬǴǷȂǶ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǯDzǵȀ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz?
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ
dž ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǦǶDzǴDZDzǧDz ǦDzǫDZǬǮDZDzǦǩDZǬȃ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶǬ, ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ
džǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀ.
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ.
ʑ
ǨDzǯȀǼǩ, ǻǩǰ DzǥǿǻDZDz.
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ ǨǯǬǶǵȃ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ, ǫǤDZDzǦDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ džǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǵǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ dzǩDZDzDzǥǴǤǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ
ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯȃȃ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
džǮǯȂǻǤȂǶǵȃ ǨDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ ǺǬǮǯǿ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ.
12
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ, ǔǠǚǗ ...
ʑ
ǕǯǩǨǿ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ.
njDZDzǧǨǤ Ǧ ǵDzǵǶǤǦ ǥǩǫǸDzǵǸǤǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǦǹDzǨȃǶ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ ǬǯǬ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
DZǩ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴȃȂǽǬǩǵȃ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǦǩǽǩǵǶǦǤ.
ǽǩǶǮDzǭ.
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ (ǦǿǮǯ./ǦǮǯ.) ǬǯǬ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǤ:
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ Ǭ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ.
Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
njǙǠǡǟǔǜǜǏǮ ǟǏǖǐǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ, DZǤdzǴ., Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzǩǴǩǥDzȃ Ǧ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬǬ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǩǶǵȃ, ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǦDzǫDzǥDZDzǦǬǶǵȃ dzDzǨǤǻǤ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ. ljǵǯǬ Ǧǵǩ-ǶǤǮǬ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǦǿǧǴǷǫǬǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ, ǶDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǬǰ DzǥǴǤǫDzǰ:
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ!
ǕǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǬǰǬ.
dž ȁǶDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ, dzDzǮǤ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǿDZǷǶ
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ, ǩǵǯǬ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǬǨDZǤ ǵǮǦDzǫȀ ǵǶǩǮǯDz.
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ.
1. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
2. ǕǯǩǭǶǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ. a ǕǶǴ. 11
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
3. ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ. ǓDzǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǫ
ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǰǩDZǶǤ
Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ DzǶdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ. ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ.
ǀǔǟǑǗǠǜǏǮ ǠǚǢǕǐǏ
ʑ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ (ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ, ǩǵǯǬ ...,
a ǕǶǴ. 12, 13), ǶDzǧǨǤ DzǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ, dzDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ, Ǧ DZǤǼǷ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ. ǐǿ ǦǵǩǧǨǤ DZǤǭǨǩǰ
ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǩ ǴǩǼǩDZǬǩ, ǻǶDzǥǿ ǬǫǥǩǪǤǶȀ DZǩDZǷǪDZDzǧDz ǦǿǫDzǦǤ ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤ.
ʑ
Ǧ ǵdzǬǵǮǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǿǹ ǵǯǷǪǥ (Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ).
ǎDzDZǶǤǮǶDZǿǩ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ ǴǤǵdzDzǯDzǪǩDZDZDzǭ dzDzǥǯǬǫDzǵǶǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǿ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǫǨǩǵȀ ǬǯǬ
ʑ
ǓDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ, ǵDzDzǥǽǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǩ DZDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ (E-Nr.) Ǭ ǫǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ (FD)
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ.
ǡǶǬ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ: ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǯȂǮǤ */Ǧ DzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǮǴǿǼǮǩ ǺDzǮDzǯȃ Ǩǯȃ
DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ * Ǭ DZǤ ǵdzǬDZǮǩ
ǑDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ NjǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ.
* Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ʑ
ǡǶDz ǧǤǴǤDZǶǬǴǷǩǶ džǤǰ ǮǦǤǯǬǸǬǺǬǴDzǦǤDZDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZDZǿǭ ǴǩǰDzDZǶ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤǰǬ dzDz
ƳǝǑǔǟǫǡǔǠǫ ǙǝǛǞǔǡǔǜǡǜǝǠǡǗ ǗǖǒǝǡǝǑǗǡǔǚǮ. ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǯ DZǤǰ.
DzǴǬǧǬDZǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶǩǭ.
ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ, DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ, ǴǩǰDzDZǶǷ Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ
13
Стиральная машина WLO20260OE
WLO20240OE
WLO24260OE
ru Инструкция по эксплуатации
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ʑ
ǀǗǒǜǏǚǪ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǪǬǰ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǫǦǷǻǤDZǬȃ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǗǒǜǏǚǪ ǙǚǏǑǗǧ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǢǙǏǖǏǡǔǚǫǜǪǔ ǠǗǒǜǏǚǪ
ƳǗǠǞǚǔǘ/
ǀǡǏǟǡ/
ƾǏǢǖǏ
ƾǔǟǔǙǚǭǦǏǡǔǚǫ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ/
ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǥDzǴǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
Ǩǯȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǓǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵǯǷǪǬǶ
ǓDzǦDzǴǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǧ DzǥDzǬǹ
DZǤdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃǹ
; ³¯¯* džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ (* Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ ǬǯǬ ; Džǩǫ
¥Ê ɯ °C džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ (¥Ê = ǹDzǯDzǨDZǤȃ)
DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ, dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
³¤ ¤ ǒǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzDzǵǯǩ ...
ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ, DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ ;
1üü2üücü§Ê ǵǶǬǴǮǤ, dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ, DzǶǪǬǰ, ǨǯǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǬǯǬ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ: ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ Dz ǹDzǨǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ:
LjǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ ǵǦǩǶǬǶǵȃ, ǩǵǯǬ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ
' DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ a ǕǶǴ. 5
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
1 2
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ
ǴǩǪǬǰ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
DzǨDZǷ
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ
DZǤ Â
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
Ǭ ǨǩǴǪǤǶȀ
DZǤǪǰǤǶȀ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
ǗǚǗ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
DzǨDZǷ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â ǻǶDzǥǿ
Ǧ DZǤǪǤǶDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ DzǮ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǭǶǩ ǷǨǩǴǪǬǦǤǶȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ȁǯǩǰǩDZǶǿ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǵǩǮ dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǫǤǵǦǩǶȃǶǵȃ
ƱǏǧǏ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǏǮ ǛǏǧǗǜǏ
ƾǟǏǑǗǚǫǜǝǔ ǗǠǞǝǚǫǖǝǑǏǜǗǔ
ƾǝǓǒǝǡǝǑǙǏ
dzǴDzǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DzǨǬDZ ǴǤǫ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ a ǕǶǴ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ƱǪǙǚǭǦǔǜǗǔ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ǥǿǶDzǦDzǧDz dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ ǰǤǴǮǬ Bosch. ǡǶDzǶ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǶǯǬǻǤǩǶǵȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰDZǿǰ
ƾǝǖǓǟǏǑǚǮǔǛ ƱǏǠ ǵ dzDzǮǷdzǮDzǭ ǵDzǦǴǩǰǩDZDZDzǧDz, ǦǿǵDzǮDzǮǤǻǩǵǶǦǩDZDZDzǧDz
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǰ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǬǹǵȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ʋ ǬǵǮǯȂǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǩǰ ǹDzǫȃǭǵǶǦǩ,
ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZǤȃ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰDzǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ.
ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǩǭǵȃ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ ǼǩǴǵǶǬ,
ǵ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ.
ǀǝǟǡǗǟǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǖǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǗǻǬǶǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǩǰ
ʑ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ dzǴDzǦǩǴǮǷ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ ǥǩǫǷǮDzǴǬǫDZǩDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǵǶDzȃDZǬȃ.
ǎǤǪǨǤȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ dzǩǴǩǨ ǦǿdzǷǵǮDzǰ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǩǧDz ǫǤǦDzǨǤ dzǴDzǹDzǨǬǶ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǹDzǯDzǨDZDzǭ dzǬǶȀǩǦDzǭ
ǦDzǨDzǭ Ǭ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǩǯȃ
dž ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ DZǤ ȁǶǬǮǩǶǮǤǹ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃǰǬ
ƶǏǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ ǙǟǏǜ
ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǓDzǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬȃ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǛǬǵǯDz DzǥDzǴDzǶDzǦ dzǴǬ DzǶǪǬǰǩ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ Dz DZǤǼǬǹ dzǴDzǨǷǮǶǤǹ, dzǴǬDZǤǨǯǩǪDZDzǵǶȃǹ,
ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶȃǹ Ǭ ǵǩǴǦǬǵǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ DZǤ DZǤǼǩǰ ǵǤǭǶǩ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ
ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ, ǮDzǶDzǴǿǩ ǰDzǪDZDz
ƾǟǝǑǔǟǫǡǔ ǛǏǧǗǜǢ
ǓDz ǦǬǨǷ ǺǦǩǶǷ ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǰǤǼǬDZǤǹ.
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǤǭǶǩ
Ǒǩ dzǴǩǦǿǼǤǭǶǩ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ a ǕǶǴ
Ǒǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǵ ǤǮǦǤ ǵǶDzdzDzǰ
ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ ǦǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ aǕǶǴ
ǎȂǦǩǶǤ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
a ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ ǕǶǴ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ džǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ
ǁǔǛǞǔǟǏǡǢǟǏ
ǺǩDZǶǴDzǦ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǧDz DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ.
www.bosch-home.com ǬǯǬ dzDzǯǷǻǬǶǩ, DzǥǴǤǶǬǦǼǬǵȀ Ǧ DzǨǬDZ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǬǹ
ʋ LjǩǶȃǰ Ǧ ǦDzǫǴǤǵǶǩ ǵǶǤǴǼǩ 8 ǯǩǶ ǬǯǬ ǯǬǺǤǰ ǵ DzǧǴǤDZǬǻǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǸǬǫǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ, ǵǩDZǵDzǴDZǿǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǷǰǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǧ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ!
DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ!
ǵdzDzǵDzǥDZDzǵǶȃǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǵ DZǩǨDzǵǶǤǶǮDzǰ DzdzǿǶǤ Ǭ ǫDZǤDZǬǭ,
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ
ǵ ȃǻǩǭǮǤǰǬ ~
ƱǪǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǦǤǴȀǬǴǷǩǶ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǴǤǫǴǩǼǤǩǶǵȃ dzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZDzǭ ǞǝǓ
Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ
ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ Ǭ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǒǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz dzǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ dzǩǴǩǨ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǩǭ
ǑǗǚǙǢ Ǒ ǟǝǖǔǡǙǢ
ƱǠǡǏǑǫǡǔ ǧǡǔǞǠǔǚǫǜǢǭ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ!
ǞǝǠǚǔ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ ǠǝǝǡǑǔǡǠǡǑǢǭǨǗǤ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǘ DzǶ DZǬǹ.
ǞǟǗǠǛǝǡǟǝǛ DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ ǬǯǬ
ǓǤDZǩǯȀ ǷdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃ
ljǵǯǬ ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZDz ; Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ
DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǴǤǶȀ ; Džǩǫ
ǀǙǝǟǝǠǡǫ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ ; ưǔǖ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ ǐǔǖ ǝǙǝǜǦǏǡǔǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ
ǗǶǬǯǬǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǷ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ȁǮDzǯDzǧǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǦǔǠǙǏǮ ǢǡǗǚǗǖǏǥǗǮ
ǕǯǩǨǷǭǶǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰ ǶǩǹDZǬǮǬ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ DZǤ ǵǶǴ. 8!
ǖDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ!
Ǒǩ DzǵǶǤǦǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ǥǩǫ
LjǩǴǪǬǶǩ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǗǡǔ ǛǝǭǨǔǔ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ Ǘ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ
ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǔǷǻǮǤ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ
Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǷǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ ; ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDz ǦǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǶ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
ǶǴǩǥDzǦǤDZǬȃǰǬ.
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZȃǶȀ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ dzDz ǻǬǵǶǮǩ Ǭ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǬǧǴǤǶȀǵȃ ǵ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǰ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǰ!
dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ!
ǫǤ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ!
ǓǚǮ ǠǞǔǥǗǏǚǫǜǝǘ ǝǐǟǏǐǝǡǙǗ
ǯȂǮǤ
> ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
2002/96/EG «ǒǥ DzǶǹDzǨǤǹ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzDZDZDzǧDz
LjǤDZDZǿǭ ǥǿǶDzǦDzǭ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǥDzǫDZǤǻǩDZ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦDzǭ
ǙǟǏǜ
ƽǡǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ
ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ dzǴǩǨDzǵǶǤǦǬǶ džǤǰ džǤǼǩ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDzǰ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ dzDzǵǶDzǴDzDZDZǬǩ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶǿ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ
ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ
LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦǤ DzdzǴǩǨǩǯȃǩǶ dzDzǴȃǨDzǮ ǵǥDzǴǤ Ǭ ǷǶǬǯǬǫǤǺǬǬ ǵǶǤǴǿǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ
DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ» (waste electrical and electronic equipment WEEE).
DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ!
ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǰǷ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǥǩǫ dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
dzǴǩǨdzǴǬȃǶǬǩ ǦDzǨDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
Ljǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǥǩǫ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǬ Ǩǯȃ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
dzDzȃǦǯǩDZǬȃ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ
dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ DZǤ ǶǩǴǴǬǶDzǴǬǬ Ǧǵǩǹ ǵǶǴǤDZ ljǕ.
Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǰ ǪǬǦDzǶDZǿǰ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ ǪǬǨǮDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǭ ǨDzǫǤǶDzǴ
Ǭ dzDzǯDzǪǬǶǩ ǩǧDz Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰǬ ǻǶDzǥǿ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ
ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ II: ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ DzǵDZDzǦDZDzǧDz ǺǬǮǯǤ
DzǵǶǤǦǼǤȃǵȃ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǿǵDzǹǯǤ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ, ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǷǰȃǧǻǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ,
džDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤȃ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
ǑǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ dzDzǮǤ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ DZǩ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǪǩǯǤǩǰDzǩ
džǴǩǰȃ ǎDzDZǩǺ ǻǩǴǩǫ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǯDzǪǬǶȀ dzDzǻǤǵDzǦǿǰǬ ǬDZǶǩǴǦǤǯǤǰǬ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǷǰ ǨDz
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǓǩǴǩǨ DZǤǻǤǯDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZǤ ǫǤǨǩǴǪǮǤ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǓǴǬ ǦǿǥDzǴǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǦǿǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǤȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
ǀǝǓǔǟǕǏǜǗǔ ǕǶǴ.
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
DzǶǥǩǯǬǦǤǶǩǯȀ, ǵDzǯȀ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
LJǷǵǶǿǩ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǿ Ǭ DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯǬ ǴǤǫǦDzǨǬǶǩ ǦDzǨDzǭ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǻǤǵDzǦ ǻǤǵ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǓDzǨǴDzǥDZǿǭ DzǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ a ǕǶǴ. 7
ǖǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ Ǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǦǿǥǬǴǤȂǶǵȃ ǬDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZDz
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ I: ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ~: ǎDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴ, ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ a ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǕǶǴ
ʋ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǭ DZǤǵǶǴDzǭǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ............................................. 3
ʋ ǓDzǨǧDzǶDzǦǮǤ................................................................................................2
ʋ ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ......................................................................................... 1
ʋ ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩ .................................................................1
ǓǴǩǨǷdzǴǩǪǨǤǩǶ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǬǩ
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ʑ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǂǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǜǏǠǡǟǝǘǙǏ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
Ĉ
Ljǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǥDzǯǩǩ ǮDzǴDzǶǮDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǏ ǝǙǝǜǦǔǜǏ
ǤDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǰǬ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǤ
ʋ ǕǶǬǴǮǤ ............................................................................................. 3/4
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
aǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǕǶǴ
ʋ ǓDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ..................................................................................... 4
ʋ njDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ ....................................................... 5/6
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ, ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ
' ǰǬǧǤǩǶ ǩǵǯǬ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ §Ê
ć ǡǮDz
Ljǯȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰǬǬ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ dzDzǨDzǥDZǿǰǬ
ʋ ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ............................................................................... 7
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ. 30 °C
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
a džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǕǶǴ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ
ƾǟǔǟǪǑǏǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
= džDzǨǤ dzǯȂǵ
ǓDzǦǿǼǩDZDZǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǷǦǩǯǬǻǩDZDZDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ʋ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ dzDz ǶǩǹDZǬǮǩ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ............................................. 8
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ,
ǎǯǤǦǬǼǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ DzdzǺǬǭ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ
ʋ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ......................................................................... 8
anjDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
Ljǯȃ DzǹǯǤǪǨǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ưǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ
dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
Ljǯȃ ǴǩǧǬDzDZDzǦ ǵ DzǻǩDZȀ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦDzǨDzǭ ǬǯǬ Ǩǯȃ ǷǯǷǻǼǩDZǬȃ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶDzǦ
ʋ džǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ.............................................................................. 9
ʋ ǗǹDzǨ/ǛǬǵǶǮǤ......................................................................................10
1
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ
ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ. 30 °C
ǕǶǴ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ʋ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ.................................................................10
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ DZǬǫǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ
ʑ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ '
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ǕǯǷǻǤǭDZDzǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZǿǹ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ
ʋ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ, ǩǵǯǬ ... .................................................................. 12/13
ʋ ǖǩǹDzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬǩ............................................................................11
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ :
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰdzǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ ǬǶǷ. ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǹ ǶǺǮǰǴǶǴ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǰdzǰ ǹ ȀǭǸǹǺȄȆ Ǫ ǹǶǹǺǨǪǭ
ǵǯǬǦ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǒǶǪǬǰ DZǤ ;
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
DzǮ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬǩ DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǵǶǤǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZDZDzǭ ǨDz ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǧDz
ʋ ǡǮǵǶǴǩDZDZǤȃ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ.........................................................13
ƷǖǛǔǜǔǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ ǔǠǚǗ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǨǤǪǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ʋ ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǵǯǷǪǥǤ ............................................................................... 13
/> ǒǶǪǬǰ/ǕǯǬǦ ȁDzǹǺǸǨǶǺǮǰǴ ǹ ǸǭǫǻdzǰǸǻǭǴǶDZ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄȆ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǰdzǰ
ǺǶdzȄDzǶ ǹdzǰǪ ǪǶǬȃ Ǭdzȇ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ; (ljǭǯ
ǵǯǷǻǤǭDZDz ǦǿǥǴǤDZǤ DzǼǬǥDzǻDZǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ
DZǤǨDzǥDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ dzDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǷ dzǩǴǩǨ ǫǤdzǷǵǮDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ dzǴǬ
ǶǺǮǰǴǨ = ǩǭǯ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵǶǫǶ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ); Ǭdzȇ ȅǺǶǫǶ
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǮ/ƿǔǙǝǛǔǜǓǏǥǗǗ Ǟǝ ǬǙǝǜǝǛǗǗ
/ ǕǷdzǩǴ ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
ǻǹǺǨǵǶǪǰǺǭ (ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ) ǵǨ ;
ƱǪǐǔǟǗǡǔ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǑDzǦǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǤǻǬDZǤǩǶǵȃ ǵDZǤǻǤǯǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǫǤDZDzǦDz
ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǮǴǿǼǮǤ
ʑ
$ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǶȀ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DzǶDZDzǵǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǧDz
30'/15'
ƾǟǔǟǑǏǡǫ ƾǟǝǓǝǚǕǗǡǫ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǢ
ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ
Ljǯȃ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ ǬǯǬ dzǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬȃ Ǭ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨDZǩ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǥǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǩǯȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ
ǫDZǤǻǩDZǬǭ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ dzDzǵǯǩ
DŽǦǶDzǰǤǶǬǻǩǵǮDzǩ dzǴDzǹDzǪǨǩDZǬǩ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǕǶǤǴǶ ƾǏǢǖǏ ǗǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ
DZǤdzǴ Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ a ǕǶǴ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶDz DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 90 °C dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DZǤǪǤǶǬȃ
DZǤ ǮDZDzdzǮǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ
dzDzǮǤǫǿǦǤǩǶ ǯ Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 60 °C + ć(ǡǮDz). DŽDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵDz
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǫDZǤǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz dzDzDZǬǪǩDZDZǿǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬǩǰ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ.
$ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǭ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ.
LjǪǬDZǵǿ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ/DžǯǷǫǿ
ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ljǵǯǬ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǷǼǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ,
ǶDz ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
ƾǟǦǘǘ ǃǚǐǗǐǝǘǯ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ǭdzȇ ǶǹǶǩǶ ǿǻǪǹǺǪǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ DzǶǮǰ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ
ǹ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵǶDZ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸǶDZ ǷǶǪȃȀǭǵǵȃǴ ǻǸǶǪǵǭǴ ǪǶǬȃ
ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǴ ǾǰDzdzǶǴ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶǮǵǶ ǹǺǰǸǨǺȄ ǪǴǭǹǺǭ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǹǶDzǸǨȁǭǵǵȃǭ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǰ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵȃDZ ǶǺǮǰǴ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǩǭǯ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǴǭǮǬǻ ǾǰDzdzǨǴǰ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
ǶǹǶǩǭǵǵǶ ǩǭǸǭǮǵǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ǭdzȇ ǷǸǭǬǶǺǪǸǨȁǭǵǰȇ
ǻǹǨǬDzǰ ǺDzǨǵǰ ǩǶdzǭǭ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǭ ǷǨǻǯȃ ǪǶ ǪǸǭǴȇ
ǪȃǷǶdzǵǭǵǰȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ dzǭǮǨǺ
Ǫ ǹǺǰǸǨdzȄǵǶǴ ǸǨǹǺǪǶǸǭ
Ĉ
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ Ǭdzȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ dzǭǫDzǶDZ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ > ǒǶǪǬǰ ǕǯǬǦ
Ʋǘǔ ǑǕǛǬǯ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹ ǰǵǺǭǵǹǰǪǵȃǴ ǸǨǹǽǶǬǶǴ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶȅǵǭǸǫǰǰ Ǭdzȇ ǹǰdzȄǵǶ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǵȃǽ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ dzȄǵǨ
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ dzȄǵǨ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰDzǰ ǰdzǰ
ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ ȀǭdzDzǨ ǹǨǺǰǵǨ
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨǭǴȃǽ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ǰdzǰ Ǫ ǴǨȀǰǵǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ
ǰdzǰ ǹ ǬǶǩǨǪdzǭǵǰǭǴ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ DzǨȀǭǴǰǸǨ ǴǶǽǭǸǨ ǰdzǰ ǨǵǫǶǸȃ
ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ ǺǨDzǮǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǭDZǹȇ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ȀǭdzDzǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ
ǔǭǵȄȀǨȇ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǨ Ǫ ǶǷǾǰǰ Ĉ
ǷǶ ȇǿǭDZDzǨǴ ǰ
ƽǐǖǝǟ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ a ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ DZǤ ǶǤǥǯǬǺǷ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ DZǤ ǕǶǴ Ǭ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DZǤ ǕǶǴ
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ ǜǐǚǡ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ¥Ê
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
1
ǥǩǯȀȄ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ
DžǯǷǫǿ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ:
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ¥Ê Dzǫ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǕǷdzǩǴ
ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǗǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǩǭǯ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǯǨǫǸǻǮǨǺȄ Ǫ ȇǿǭDZDzǻ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǹ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǶDZ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǸǨǹǷǸǭǬǭdzǰǺȄ
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ʑ
ǀǗǒǜǏǚǪ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǪǬǰ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǫǦǷǻǤDZǬȃ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǗǒǜǏǚǪ ǙǚǏǑǗǧ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǢǙǏǖǏǡǔǚǫǜǪǔ ǠǗǒǜǏǚǪ
ǀǡǏǟǡ
ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ
ƾǔǟǔǙǚǭǦǏǡǔǚǫ
ƳǗǠǞǚǔǘ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǥDzǴǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
Ǩǯȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǓǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵǯǷǪǬǶ
ǓDzǦDzǴǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǧ DzǥDzǬǹ
DZǤdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃǹ.
; ³¯¯ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ) ǬǯǬ ; (Džǩǫ
¥Ê ɯ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ¥Ê ǹDzǯDzǨDZǤȃ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
³¤ ¤ ǒǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzDzǵǯǩ
ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ ;)
1üü2üücü§Ê ǵǶǬǴǮǤ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ DzǶǪǬǰ ǨǯǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǬǯǬ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ Dz ǹDzǨǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
LjǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ ǵǦǩǶǬǶǵȃ ǩǵǯǬ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ.
' DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ a ǕǶǴ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
3 4
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ
ǴǩǪǬǰ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
DzǨDZǷ
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ
DZǤ Â
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
Ǭ ǨǩǴǪǤǶȀ
DZǤǪǰǤǶȀ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
ǗǚǗ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
DzǨDZǷ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â ǻǶDzǥǿ
Ǧ DZǤǪǤǶDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ DzǮ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǭǶǩ ǷǨǩǴǪǬǦǤǶȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ȁǯǩǰǩDZǶǿ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǵǩǮ dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǫǤǵǦǩǶȃǶǵȃ
ƾǟǏǑǗǚǫǜǝǔ ǗǠǞǝǚǫǖǝǑǏǜǗǔ
ƱǏǧǏ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǏǮ ǛǏǧǗǜǏ
ƾǝǓǒǝǡǝǑǙǏ
dzǴDzǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DzǨǬDZ ǴǤǫ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ a ǕǶǴ. 9
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ƱǪǙǚǭǦǔǜǗǔ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ..
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǰ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǬǹǵȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZǤȃ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ
ʋ ǬǵǮǯȂǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǩǰ ǹDzǫȃǭǵǶǦǩ
ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǩǭǵȃ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ ǼǩǴǵǶǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰDzǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
ǥǿǶDzǦDzǧDz dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ ǰǤǴǮǬ ǡǶDzǶ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǶǯǬǻǤǩǶǵȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰDZǿǰ
ƾǝǖǓǟǏǑǚǮǔǛ ƱǏǠ ǵ dzDzǮǷdzǮDzǭ ǵDzǦǴǩǰǩDZDZDzǧDz ǦǿǵDzǮDzǮǤǻǩǵǶǦǩDZDZDzǧDz
ǵ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǀǝǟǡǗǟǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǖǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǹDzǯDzǨDZDzǭ dzǬǶȀǩǦDzǭ
ǗǻǬǶǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǩǰ!
ʑ
ǛǬǵǯDz DzǥDzǴDzǶDzǦ dzǴǬ DzǶǪǬǰǩ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǦDzǨDzǭ Ǭ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǩǯȃ
ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǮDzǶDzǴǿǩ ǰDzǪDZDz
ƾǟǝǑǔǟǫǡǔ ǛǏǧǗǜǢ
ǎǤǪǨǤȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ dzǩǴǩǨ ǦǿdzǷǵǮDzǰ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǩǧDz ǫǤǦDzǨǤ dzǴDzǹDzǨǬǶ
dž ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ DZǤ ȁǶǬǮǩǶǮǤǹ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃǰǬ.
ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǓDzǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬȃ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ Dz DZǤǼǬǹ dzǴDzǨǷǮǶǤǹ dzǴǬDZǤǨǯǩǪDZDzǵǶȃǹ
ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ dzǴDzǦǩǴǮǷ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ ǥǩǫǷǮDzǴǬǫDZǩDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǵǶDzȃDZǬȃ
ǓDz ǦǬǨǷ, ǺǦǩǶǷ, ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
ƶǏǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ ǙǟǏǜ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǤǭǶǩ
ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǰǤǼǬDZǤǹ
Ǒǩ dzǴǩǦǿǼǤǭǶǩ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ. a ǕǶǴ. 7
Ǒǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǵ ǤǮǦǤ-ǵǶDzdzDzǰ
.
ʋ LjǩǶȃǰ Ǧ ǦDzǫǴǤǵǶǩ ǵǶǤǴǼǩ ǯǩǶ ǬǯǬ ǯǬǺǤǰ ǵ DzǧǴǤDZǬǻǩDZDZǿǰǬ
a ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ, njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ, ǕǶǴ. 7
ǬǯǬ dzDzǯǷǻǬǶǩ DzǥǴǤǶǬǦǼǬǵȀ Ǧ DzǨǬDZ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǬǹ
DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ
ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǧ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶȃǹ Ǭ ǵǩǴǦǬǵǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ DZǤ DZǤǼǩǰ ǵǤǭǶǩ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ!
ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ ǦǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ! aǕǶǴ. 9
ǵ ȃǻǩǭǮǤǰǬ I, II, ~
ǎȂǦǩǶǤ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǦǤǴȀǬǴǷǩǶ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ džǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ
ǁǔǛǞǔǟǏǡǢǟǏ
ƱǠǡǏǑǫǡǔ ǧǡǔǞǠǔǚǫǜǢǭ
ƱǪǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǑǗǚǙǢ Ǒ ǟǝǖǔǡǙǢ
ǞǟǗǠǛǝǡǟǝǛ DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ ǬǯǬ
ǴǤǫǴǩǼǤǩǶǵȃ dzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZDzǭ ǞǝǓ
ǵdzDzǵDzǥDZDzǵǶȃǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǵ DZǩǨDzǵǶǤǶǮDzǰ DzdzǿǶǤ Ǭ ǫDZǤDZǬǭ
ǸǬǫǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ ǵǩDZǵDzǴDZǿǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǷǰǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǺǩDZǶǴDzǦ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǧDz DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ
ǒǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz dzǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ dzǩǴǩǨ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǩǭ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ. Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ
Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ.
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ Ǭ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ljǵǯǬ ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZDz ; (Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ
ǓǤDZǩǯȀ ǷdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǴǤǶȀ ; Džǩǫ
ǀǙǝǟǝǠǡǫ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ ; ưǔǖ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ ǐǔǖ ǝǙǝǜǦǏǡǔǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ
LjǩǴǪǬǶǩ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ǫǤ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǦǔǠǙǏǮ ǢǡǗǚǗǖǏǥǗǮ
ǕǯǩǨǷǭǶǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰ ǶǩǹDZǬǮǬ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ DZǤ ǵǶǴ
ǞǝǠǚǔ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ ǠǝǝǡǑǔǡǠǡǑǢǭǨǗǤ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǘ DzǶ DZǬǹ
ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǗǡǔ ǛǝǭǨǔǔ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ Ǘ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
Ǒǩ DzǵǶǤǦǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ǥǩǫ
ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǔǷǻǮǤ
DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ): ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ
ǗǶǬǯǬǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǷ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ȁǮDzǯDzǧǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ
ǓǚǮ ǠǞǔǥǗǏǚǫǜǝǘ ǝǐǟǏǐǝǡǙǗ
dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
ǯȂǮǤ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ
/> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ.
Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǷǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ ; ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDz ǦǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǶ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
LjǤDZDZǿǭ ǥǿǶDzǦDzǭ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǥDzǫDZǤǻǩDZ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦDzǭ
ǶǴǩǥDzǦǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ƽǡǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZȃǶȀ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ dzDz ǻǬǵǶǮǩ Ǭ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǬǧǴǤǶȀǵȃ ǵ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǰ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǰ
ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ, ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ (ȁǶǷ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ dzǴǩǨDzǵǶǤǦǬǶ džǤǰ džǤǼǩ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ: ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDzǰ ǥǩǯȀȃ, ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǙǟǏǜ
dzǴǩǨdzǴǬȃǶǬǩ ǦDzǨDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬȃ) Ǭ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ.
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ dzDzǵǶDzǴDzDZDZǬǩ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶǿ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ
ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ
ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǰǷ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǥǩǫ dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
ǒǥ DzǶǹDzǨǤǹ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzDZDZDzǧDz
DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ
Ljǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǥǩǫ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǬ Ǩǯȃ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ:
dzDzȃǦǯǩDZǬȃ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ.
ǓǴǬ ǦǿǥDzǴǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǦǿǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǤȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ DzǵDZDzǦDZDzǧDz ǺǬǮǯǤ
dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ DZǤ ǶǩǴǴǬǶDzǴǬǬ Ǧǵǩǹ ǵǶǴǤDZ ljǕ
LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦǤ DzdzǴǩǨǩǯȃǩǶ dzDzǴȃǨDzǮ ǵǥDzǴǤ Ǭ ǷǶǬǯǬǫǤǺǬǬ ǵǶǤǴǿǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ
Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǰ ǪǬǦDzǶDZǿǰ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ
DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ ǪǬǨǮDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǭ ǨDzǫǤǶDzǴ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰǬ, ǻǶDzǥǿ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǓǩǴǩǨ DZǤǻǤǯDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZǤ ǫǤǨǩǴǪǮǤ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǷǰȃǧǻǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ
ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
džDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ: DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ, DzǶǮǴǿǦǤȃ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ!
Ǭ dzDzǯDzǪǬǶǩ ǩǧDz Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ.
DzǵǶǤǦǼǤȃǵȃ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǿǵDzǹǯǤ
ǖǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ Ǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǦǿǥǬǴǤȂǶǵȃ ǬDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZDz
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ~ ǎDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ
ǀǝǓǔǟǕǏǜǗǔ ǕǶǴ
DzǶǥǩǯǬǦǤǶǩǯȀ ǵDzǯȀ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǻǤǵDzǦ ǻǤǵ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǑǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ dzDzǮǤ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ DZǩ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǪǩǯǤǩǰDzǩ
džǴǩǰȃ ǎDzDZǩǺ ǻǩǴǩǫ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǯDzǪǬǶȀ dzDzǻǤǵDzǦǿǰǬ ǬDZǶǩǴǦǤǯǤǰǬ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǷǰ ǨDz
ǓDzǨǴDzǥDZǿǭ DzǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ a ǕǶǴ
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
LJǷǵǶǿǩ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǿ Ǭ DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯǬ ǴǤǫǦDzǨǬǶǩ ǦDzǨDzǭ.
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǓǴǩǨǷdzǴǩǪǨǤǩǶ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǬǩ.
ʋ ǓDzǨǧDzǶDzǦǮǤ
ʋ ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ʋ ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩ
ʑ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ʋ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǭ DZǤǵǶǴDzǭǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ǂǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǏ ** Ǘ ǜǏǠǡǟǝǘǙǏ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
Ĉ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ a ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǕǶǴ
Ljǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǥDzǯǩǩ ǮDzǴDzǶǮDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ʋ ǕǶǬǴǮǤ
** ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ
1
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǏ ǝǙǝǜǦǔǜǏ ...
ǤDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǰǬ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǤ
ć ǡǮDz
Ljǯȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰǬǬ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ dzDzǨDzǥDZǿǰǬ
aǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǕǶǴ
ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ
ʋ njDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ʋ ǓDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ
' ǰǬǧǤǩǶ, ǩǵǯǬ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
... DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ §Ê.
a džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ, ǕǶǴ. 5
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ.
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ʋ ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ
ƾǟǔǟǪǑǏǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
= džDzǨǤ dzǯȂǵ
ǓDzǦǿǼǩDZDZǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǷǦǩǯǬǻǩDZDZDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ʋ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ dzDz ǶǩǹDZǬǮǩ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ
ʋ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ
ǎǯǤǦǬǼǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ DzdzǺǬǭ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ:
anjDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ,
Ljǯȃ DzǹǯǤǪǨǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ:
ưǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ
dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
Ljǯȃ ǴǩǧǬDzDZDzǦ ǵ DzǻǩDZȀ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦDzǨDzǭ ǬǯǬ Ǩǯȃ ǷǯǷǻǼǩDZǬȃ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶDzǦ
ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ
1
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ
ʋ džǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ
ǕǶǴ. 5
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ.
ʑ
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ǕǯǷǻǤǭDZDzǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZǿǹ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ
ʋ ǗǹDzǨ ǛǬǵǶǮǤ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ DZǬǫǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ:
dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ '
ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ
ʋ ǖǩǹDzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬǩ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ :
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰdzǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ʋ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǰdzǰ ǹ ȀǭǸǹǺȄȆ Ǫ ǹǶǹǺǨǪǭ
3
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ (ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
DzǮ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ
ʋ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ ǩǵǯǬ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǵǯǬǦ: ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ (ǒǶǪǬǰ) DZǤ ;).
ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬǩ DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǵǶǤǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZDZDzǭ ǨDz ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǧDz
ʋ ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǵǯǷǪǥǤ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ ǬǶǷ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǹ ǶǺǮǰǴǶǴ
> ǒǶǪǬǰ ǕǯǬǦ ȁDzǹǺǸǨǶǺǮǰǴ ǹ ǸǭǫǻdzǰǸǻǭǴǶDZ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄȆ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǰdzǰ
ʋ ǡǮǵǶǴǩDZDZǤȃ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
ƷǖǛǔǜǔǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ, ǔǠǚǗ ...
DZǤǨDzǥDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ dzDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǷ dzǩǴǩǨ ǫǤdzǷǵǮDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ dzǴǬ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǨǤǪǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǩǭǯ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵǶǫǶ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ Ǭdzȇ ȅǺǶǫǶ
ǺǶdzȄDzǶ ǹdzǰǪ ǪǶǬȃ Ǭdzȇ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ; ljǭǯ
... ǵǯǷǻǤǭDZDz ǦǿǥǴǤDZǤ DzǼǬǥDzǻDZǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ:
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǮ ƿǔǙǝǛǔǜǓǏǥǗǗ Ǟǝ ǬǙǝǜǝǛǗǗ
ǻǹǺǨǵǶǪǰǺǭ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǵǨ ;
ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǮǴǿǼǮǤ
$ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǕǷdzǩǴ ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
ƱǪǐǔǟǗǡǔ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ƾǏǢǖǏ)
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǫǤDZDzǦDz.
2
ǑDzǦǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǤǻǬDZǤǩǶǵȃ ǵDZǤǻǤǯǤ.
ʑ
Ljǯȃ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ ǬǯǬ dzǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬȃ Ǭ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǶȀ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DzǶDZDzǵǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǧDz
ƾǟǔǟǑǏǡǫ/ƾǟǝǓǝǚǕǗǡǫ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǢ ...
ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǩǯȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨDZǩ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǥǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
DŽǦǶDzǰǤǶǬǻǩǵǮDzǩ dzǴDzǹDzǪǨǩDZǬǩ
ǫDZǤǻǩDZǬǭ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ dzDzǵǯǩ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǕǶǤǴǶ/ƾǏǢǖǏ). ǗǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ
... DZǤdzǴ., Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ a ǕǶǴ. 9
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ DžǯǷǫǿ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ
DŽǚǝǞǝǙ ć ǡǮDz DŽDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵDz
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶDz DŽǚǝǞǝǙ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DZǤǪǤǶǬȃ
DZǤ ǮDZDzdzǮǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ!
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ
dzDzǮǤǫǿǦǤǩǶ ǯ (Ǒǩ), ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
$ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ
ǫDZǤǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz dzDzDZǬǪǩDZDZǿǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬǩǰ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǭ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ
ǶDz ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ
ljǵǯǬ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǷǼǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ƾǟǦǘǘ ǃǚǐǗǐǝǘǯ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ǭdzȇ ǶǹǶǩǶ ǿǻǪǹǺǪǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ DzǶǮǰ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ
ǹ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵǶDZ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸǶDZ ǷǶǪȃȀǭǵǵȃǴ ǻǸǶǪǵǭǴ ǪǶǬȃ
ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǴ ǾǰDzdzǶǴ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶǮǵǶ ǹǺǰǸǨǺȄ ǪǴǭǹǺǭ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǹǶDzǸǨȁǭǵǵȃǭ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǰ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵȃDZ ǶǺǮǰǴ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǩǭǯ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǴǭǮǬǻ ǾǰDzdzǨǴǰ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
ǶǹǶǩǭǵǵǶ ǩǭǸǭǮǵǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ǭdzȇ ǷǸǭǬǶǺǪǸǨȁǭǵǰȇ
ǻǹǨǬDzǰ ǺDzǨǵǰ ǩǶdzǭǭ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǭ ǷǨǻǯȃ ǪǶ ǪǸǭǴȇ
ǪȃǷǶdzǵǭǵǰȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ dzǭǮǨǺ
Ǫ ǹǺǰǸǨdzȄǵǶǴ ǸǨǹǺǪǶǸǭ
Ĉ
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ Ǭdzȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ dzǭǫDzǶDZ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ > ǒǶǪǬǰ ǕǯǬǦ
Ʋǘǔ ǑǕǛǬǯ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹ ǰǵǺǭǵǹǰǪǵȃǴ ǸǨǹǽǶǬǶǴ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶȅǵǭǸǫǰǰ Ǭdzȇ ǹǰdzȄǵǶ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǵȃǽ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ dzȄǵǨ
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ dzȄǵǨ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰDzǰ ǰdzǰ
ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ ȀǭdzDzǨ ǹǨǺǰǵǨ
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨǭǴȃǽ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ǰdzǰ Ǫ ǴǨȀǰǵǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ
ǰdzǰ ǹ ǬǶǩǨǪdzǭǵǰǭǴ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ DzǨȀǭǴǰǸǨ ǴǶǽǭǸǨ ǰdzǰ ǨǵǫǶǸȃ
ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ ǺǨDzǮǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǭDZǹȇ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ȀǭdzDzǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
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Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
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ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ
ǔǭǵȄȀǨȇ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǨ Ǫ ǶǷǾǰǰ Ĉ
ǷǶ ȇǿǭDZDzǨǴ ǰ
ƽǐǖǝǟ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ a ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ DZǤ ǶǤǥǯǬǺǷ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ DZǤ ǕǶǴ Ǭ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DZǤ ǕǶǴ
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ ǜǐǚǡ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ¥Ê
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
1
ǥǩǯȀȄ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ
DžǯǷǫǿ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ:
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ¥Ê Dzǫ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǕǷdzǩǴ
ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǗǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǩǭǯ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǯǨǫǸǻǮǨǺȄ Ǫ ȇǿǭDZDzǻ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǹ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǶDZ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǸǨǹǷǸǭǬǭdzǰǺȄ
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ʑ
ǀǗǒǜǏǚǪ
1. DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǪǬǰ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǫǦǷǻǤDZǬȃ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
2. a) ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ cǗǒǜǏǚǪ ǙǚǏǑǗǧ
2. b) ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǢǙǏǖǏǡǔǚǫǜǪǔ ǠǗǒǜǏǚǪ
ǀǡǏǟǡ
ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ
ƾǔǟǔǙǚǭǦǏǡǔǚǫ
ƳǗǠǞǚǔǘ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǥDzǴǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
Ǩǯȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǓǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵǯǷǪǬǶ
ǓDzǦDzǴǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǧ DzǥDzǬǹ
DZǤdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃǹ
; ³¯¯ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ ǬǯǬ ; Džǩǫ
¥Ê ɯ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ¥Ê ǹDzǯDzǨDZǤȃ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
³¤ ¤ ǒǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzDzǵǯǩ
ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ ;
1üü2üücü§Ê ǵǶǬǴǮǤ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ DzǶǪǬǰ ǨǯǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǬǯǬ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ Dz ǹDzǨǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
LjǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ ǵǦǩǶǬǶǵȃ ǩǵǯǬ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ
' DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ a ǕǶǴ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
5 6
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ
ǴǩǪǬǰ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
DZǤ Â
DZǤǪǰǤǶȀ
Ǭ ǨǩǴǪǤǶȀ
+
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǭǶǩ ǷǨǩǴǪǬǦǤǶȀ
Ǧ DZǤǪǤǶDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ DzǮ.
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
DzǨDZǷ
5 ǵǩǮ., dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǫǤǵǦǩǶȃǶǵȃ
ȁǯǩǰǩDZǶǿ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZ.
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ,
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǗǚǗ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â, ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ.
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ.
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ,
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â, ǻǶDzǥǿ
DzǨDZǷ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ.
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
ƱǏǧǏ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǏǮ ǛǏǧǗǜǏ
dzǴDzǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DzǨǬDZ ǴǤǫ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ a ǕǶǴ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ƾǝǓǒǝǡǝǑǙǏ
ƱǪǙǚǭǦǔǜǗǔ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ
ƾǟǏǑǗǚǫǜǝǔ ǗǠǞǝǚǫǖǝǑǏǜǗǔ
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ʋ ǬǵǮǯȂǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǩǰ ǹDzǫȃǭǵǶǦǩ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǰ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǬǹǵȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZǤȃ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ
ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǩǭǵȃ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ ǼǩǴǵǶǬ
ǵ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǀǝǟǡǗǟǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǖǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ƾǝǖǓǟǏǑǚǮǔǛ ƱǏǠ ǵ dzDzǮǷdzǮDzǭ ǵDzǦǴǩǰǩDZDZDzǧDz ǦǿǵDzǮDzǮǤǻǩǵǶǦǩDZDZDzǧDz
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǗǻǬǶǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǩǰ
ǥǿǶDzǦDzǧDz dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ ǰǤǴǮǬ ǡǶDzǶ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǶǯǬǻǤǩǶǵȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰDZǿǰ
ʑ
ƶǏǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ ǙǟǏǜ
ǴǩǪǬǰDzǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
ǎǤǪǨǤȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ dzǩǴǩǨ ǦǿdzǷǵǮDzǰ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǩǧDz ǫǤǦDzǨǤ dzǴDzǹDzǨǬǶ
dž ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ DZǤ ȁǶǬǮǩǶǮǤǹ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃǰǬ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǹDzǯDzǨDZDzǭ dzǬǶȀǩǦDzǭ
ǛǬǵǯDz DzǥDzǴDzǶDzǦ dzǴǬ DzǶǪǬǰǩ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ. ǓDzǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬȃ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǮDzǶDzǴǿǩ ǰDzǪDZDz
ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ dzǴDzǦǩǴǮǷ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ ǥǩǫǷǮDzǴǬǫDZǩDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǵǶDzȃDZǬȃ
ǓDz ǦǬǨǷ ǺǦǩǶǷ ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǦDzǨDzǭ Ǭ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǩǯȃ
ƾǟǝǑǔǟǫǡǔ ǛǏǧǗǜǢ
a ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ ǕǶǴ
Ǒǩ dzǴǩǦǿǼǤǭǶǩ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ a ǕǶǴ
ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ ǦǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ aǕǶǴ
ʋ LjǩǶȃǰ Ǧ ǦDzǫǴǤǵǶǩ ǵǶǤǴǼǩ ǯǩǶ ǬǯǬ ǯǬǺǤǰ ǵ DzǧǴǤDZǬǻǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǰǤǼǬDZǤǹ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǤǭǶǩ
Ǒǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǵ ǤǮǦǤ ǵǶDzdzDzǰ
ǎȂǦǩǶǤ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ Dz DZǤǼǬǹ dzǴDzǨǷǮǶǤǹ dzǴǬDZǤǨǯǩǪDZDzǵǶȃǹ
ǵ ȃǻǩǭǮǤǰǬ ~
ǬǯǬ dzDzǯǷǻǬǶǩ DzǥǴǤǶǬǦǼǬǵȀ Ǧ DzǨǬDZ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǬǹ
ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶȃǹ Ǭ ǵǩǴǦǬǵǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ DZǤ DZǤǼǩǰ ǵǤǭǶǩ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ
°C (ǁǔǛǞǔǟǏǡǢǟǏ)
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ
DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ
ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǧ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǦǤǴȀǬǴǷǩǶ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ. džǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ
ƱǪǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ƱǠǡǏǑǫǡǔ ǧǡǔǞǠǔǚǫǜǢǭ
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǗǡǔ ǛǝǭǨǔǔ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ Ǘ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ
ǑǗǚǙǢ Ǒ ǟǝǖǔǡǙǢ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ
ǞǝǠǚǔ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ ǠǝǝǡǑǔǡǠǡǑǢǭǨǗǤ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǘ DzǶ DZǬǹ
ǞǟǗǠǛǝǡǟǝǛ DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ ǬǯǬ
ǴǤǫǴǩǼǤǩǶǵȃ dzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZDzǭ ǞǝǓ
ǵdzDzǵDzǥDZDzǵǶȃǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǵ DZǩǨDzǵǶǤǶǮDzǰ DzdzǿǶǤ Ǭ ǫDZǤDZǬǭ
ǸǬǫǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ ǵǩDZǵDzǴDZǿǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǷǰǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǺǩDZǶǴDzǦ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǧDz DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ
ǓǤDZǩǯȀ ǷdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃ
ǒǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz dzǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ dzǩǴǩǨ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǩǭ
ǓǚǮ ǠǞǔǥǗǏǚǫǜǝǘ ǝǐǟǏǐǝǡǙǗ
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǦǔǠǙǏǮ ǢǡǗǚǗǖǏǥǗǮ
DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ
ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ Ǭ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ljǵǯǬ ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZDz ; Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ
(ǀǙǝǟǝǠǡǫ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ)/; (ưǔǖ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ = ǐǔǖ ǝǙǝǜǦǏǡǔǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ)
ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǴǤǶȀ ; (Džǩǫ
LjǩǴǪǬǶǩ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ǔǷǻǮǤ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ, ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
ǗǶǬǯǬǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǷ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ȁǮDzǯDzǧǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ
ǫǤ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ
ǯȂǮǤ
ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ
ǕǯǩǨǷǭǶǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰ ǶǩǹDZǬǮǬ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ DZǤ ǵǶǴ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDzǰ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ
dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
> ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
Ǒǩ DzǵǶǤǦǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ǥǩǫ
Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ, ǷǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ ;). ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDz ǦǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǶ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ dzDzǵǶDzǴDzDZDZǬǩ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶǿ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ
dzǴǩǨdzǴǬȃǶǬǩ ǦDzǨDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZȃǶȀ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ dzDz ǻǬǵǶǮǩ Ǭ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǬǧǴǤǶȀǵȃ ǵ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǰ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǰ
ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ dzǴǩǨDzǵǶǤǦǬǶ džǤǰ džǤǼǩ
dzDzȃǦǯǩDZǬȃ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ
ƽǡǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ
ǶǴǩǥDzǦǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǒǥ DzǶǹDzǨǤǹ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzDZDZDzǧDz
LjǤDZDZǿǭ ǥǿǶDzǦDzǭ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǥDzǫDZǤǻǩDZ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦDzǭ
(ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ)
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰǬ ǻǶDzǥǿ
Ǭ dzDzǯDzǪǬǶǩ ǩǧDz Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ
LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦǤ DzdzǴǩǨǩǯȃǩǶ dzDzǴȃǨDzǮ ǵǥDzǴǤ Ǭ ǷǶǬǯǬǫǤǺǬǬ ǵǶǤǴǿǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ
Ljǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǥǩǫ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǬ Ǩǯȃ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
DzǵǶǤǦǼǤȃǵȃ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǿǵDzǹǯǤ
DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ ǪǬǨǮDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǭ ǨDzǫǤǶDzǴ
ǙǟǏǜ
ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǰǷ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǥǩǫ dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ
džDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤȃ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǰ ǪǬǦDzǶDZǿǰ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ. ǓǩǴǩǨ DZǤǻǤǯDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZǤ ǫǤǨǩǴǪǮǤ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
ǓǴǬ ǦǿǥDzǴǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǦǿǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǤȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ DZǤ ǶǩǴǴǬǶDzǴǬǬ Ǧǵǩǹ ǵǶǴǤDZ ljǕ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ DzǵDZDzǦDZDzǧDz ǺǬǮǯǤ
ǑǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ (ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ) ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ, dzDzǮǤ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ DZǩ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǪǩǯǤǩǰDzǩ
džǴǩǰȃ ǎDzDZǩǺ ǻǩǴǩǫ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǯDzǪǬǶȀ dzDzǻǤǵDzǦǿǰǬ ǬDZǶǩǴǦǤǯǤǰǬ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǷǰ ǨDz 24h.
DzǶǥǩǯǬǦǤǶǩǯȀ ǵDzǯȀ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
ǓǴǩǨǷdzǴǩǪǨǤǩǶ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǬǩ
LJǷǵǶǿǩ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǿ Ǭ DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯǬ ǴǤǫǦDzǨǬǶǩ ǦDzǨDzǭ
ǓDzǨǴDzǥDZǿǭ DzǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ a ǕǶǴ
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ~ ǎDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ
ʋ ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ʋ ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩ
ǀǝǓǔǟǕǏǜǗǔ ǕǶǴ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǷǰȃǧǻǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǻǤǵDzǦ (h=ǻǤǵ). džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǖǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ Ǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǦǿǥǬǴǤȂǶǵȃ ǬDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZDz
ʑ
Ĉ(speed)
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ a ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ, ǕǶǴ. 7
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǂǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǜǏǠǡǟǝǘǙǏ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
Ljǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǥDzǯǩǩ ǮDzǴDzǶǮDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ,
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǏ ǝǙǝǜǦǔǜǏ
ǤDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǰǬ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ. ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǤ
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ §Ê
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ʋ ǓDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ʋ ǕǶǬǴǮǤ
' ǰǬǧǤǩǶ ǩǵǯǬ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ
ʋ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǭ DZǤǵǶǴDzǭǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ʋ ǓDzǨǧDzǶDzǦǮǤ
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ć(ǡǮDz)
Ljǯȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰǬǬ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ, dzDzǨDzǥDZǿǰǬ
aǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ, ǕǶǴ. 7
ƾǟǔǟǪǑǏǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ
ʋ ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ
ʋ njDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ
a džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǕǶǴ
ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ
= (džDzǨǤ dzǯȂǵ)
ǓDzǦǿǼǩDZDZǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǷǦǩǯǬǻǩDZDZDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǎǯǤǦǬǼǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ DzdzǺǬǭ
anjDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ʋ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ
Ljǯȃ DzǹǯǤǪǨǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ʋ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ dzDz ǶǩǹDZǬǮǩ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ưǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ
dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ.
Ljǯȃ ǴǩǧǬDzDZDzǦ ǵ DzǻǩDZȀ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦDzǨDzǭ ǬǯǬ Ǩǯȃ ǷǯǷǻǼǩDZǬȃ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶDzǦ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ
ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ
ǕǶǴ
ʋ džǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ
ʑ
ʋ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ʋ ǗǹDzǨ ǛǬǵǶǮǤ
1
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ '
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ.
ǕǯǷǻǤǭDZDzǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZǿǹ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ DZǬǫǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ON/OFF: ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ/DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ, DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ʋ ǖǩǹDzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬǩ
ǵǯǬǦ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǒǶǪǬǰ DZǤ ;
DzǮ. 5 ǵǩǮǷDZǨ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ $(ǀǡǏǟǡ/ƾǏǢǖǏ).
ʋ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ ǩǵǯǬ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ :
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰdzǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǰdzǰ ǹ ȀǭǸǹǺȄȆ Ǫ ǹǶǹǺǨǪǭ
ʋ ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǵǯǷǪǥǤ
ʋ ǡǮǵǶǴǩDZDZǤȃ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ ǬǶǷ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǹ ǶǺǮǰǴǶǴ
ƷǖǛǔǜǔǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ ǔǠǚǗ
ǵǯǷǻǤǭDZDz ǦǿǥǴǤDZǤ DzǼǬǥDzǻDZǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ
> ǒǶǪǬǰ ǕǯǬǦ ȁDzǹǺǸǨǶǺǮǰǴ ǹ ǸǭǫǻdzǰǸǻǭǴǶDZ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄȆ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǰdzǰ
DZǤǨDzǥDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ dzDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ.
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǷ dzǩǴǩǨ ǫǤdzǷǵǮDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ dzǴǬ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǨǤǪǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ!
ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬǩ: DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǵǶǤǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZDZDzǭ ǨDz ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǧDz
ǺǶdzȄDzǶ ǹdzǰǪ ǪǶǬȃ Ǭdzȇ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ; ljǭǯ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǫǤDZDzǦDz
ƱǪǐǔǟǗǡǔ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǕǷdzǩǴ ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
ǻǹǺǨǵǶǪǰǺǭ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǵǨ ;
ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǩǭǯ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵǶǫǶ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ Ǭdzȇ ȅǺǶǫǶ
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǮ ƿǔǙǝǛǔǜǓǏǥǗǗ Ǟǝ ǬǙǝǜǝǛǗǗ
ǑDzǦǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǤǻǬDZǤǩǶǵȃ ǵDZǤǻǤǯǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǮǴǿǼǮǤ
ʑ
$ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ƾǏǢǖǏ)
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǶȀ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DzǶDZDzǵǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǧDz
ƾǟǔǟǑǏǡǫ ƾǟǝǓǝǚǕǗǡǫ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǢ
ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ.
Ljǯȃ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ ǬǯǬ dzǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬȃ Ǭ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ, Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ/ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
DŽǦǶDzǰǤǶǬǻǩǵǮDzǩ dzǴDzǹDzǪǨǩDZǬǩ
DZǤdzǴ Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ a ǕǶǴ
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶDz DŽǚǝǞǝǙ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨDZǩ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǥǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǩǯȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǫDZǤǻǩDZǬǭ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ dzDzǵǯǩ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ
DZǤ ǮDZDzdzǮǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DZǤǪǤǶǬȃ
dzDzǮǤǫǿǦǤǩǶ ǯ Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǕǶǤǴǶ ƾǏǢǖǏ ǗǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ
$ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ DžǯǷǫǿ
DŽǚǝǞǝǙ ć ǡǮDz DŽDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵDz
LjǪǬDZǵǿ
ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ǫDZǤǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz dzDzDZǬǪǩDZDZǿǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬǩǰ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǭ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ
ǶDz ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ
ljǵǯǬ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǷǼǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ƾǟǦǘǘ ǃǚǐǗǐǝǘǯ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ǭdzȇ ǶǹǶǩǶ ǿǻǪǹǺǪǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ DzǶǮǰ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ
ǹ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵǶDZ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸǶDZ ǷǶǪȃȀǭǵǵȃǴ ǻǸǶǪǵǭǴ ǪǶǬȃ
ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǴ ǾǰDzdzǶǴ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶǮǵǶ ǹǺǰǸǨǺȄ ǪǴǭǹǺǭ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǹǶDzǸǨȁǭǵǵȃǭ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǰ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵȃDZ ǶǺǮǰǴ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǩǭǯ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǴǭǮǬǻ ǾǰDzdzǨǴǰ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
ǶǹǶǩǭǵǵǶ ǩǭǸǭǮǵǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ǭdzȇ ǷǸǭǬǶǺǪǸǨȁǭǵǰȇ
ǻǹǨǬDzǰ ǺDzǨǵǰ ǩǶdzǭǭ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǭ ǷǨǻǯȃ ǪǶ ǪǸǭǴȇ
ǪȃǷǶdzǵǭǵǰȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ dzǭǮǨǺ
Ǫ ǹǺǰǸǨdzȄǵǶǴ ǸǨǹǺǪǶǸǭ
Ĉ
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ Ǭdzȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ dzǭǫDzǶDZ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ > ǒǶǪǬǰ ǕǯǬǦ
Ʋǘǔ ǑǕǛǬǯ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹ ǰǵǺǭǵǹǰǪǵȃǴ ǸǨǹǽǶǬǶǴ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶȅǵǭǸǫǰǰ Ǭdzȇ ǹǰdzȄǵǶ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǵȃǽ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ dzȄǵǨ
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ dzȄǵǨ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰDzǰ ǰdzǰ
ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ ȀǭdzDzǨ ǹǨǺǰǵǨ
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨǭǴȃǽ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ǰdzǰ Ǫ ǴǨȀǰǵǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ
ǰdzǰ ǹ ǬǶǩǨǪdzǭǵǰǭǴ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǵǨǷǸ ǰǯ DzǨȀǭǴǰǸǨ ǴǶǽǭǸǨ ǰdzǰ ǨǵǫǶǸȃ
ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ ǺǨDzǮǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǭDZǹȇ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ȀǭdzDzǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
Dzǫ
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
¥Ê
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ
ǔǭǵȄȀǨȇ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǨ Ǫ ǶǷǾǰǰ Ĉ
ǷǶ ȇǿǭDZDzǨǴ ǰ
ƽǐǖǝǟ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ a ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ DZǤ ǶǤǥǯǬǺǷ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ DZǤ ǕǶǴ Ǭ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DZǤ ǕǶǴ
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ ǜǐǚǡ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ¥Ê
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
1
ǥǩǯȀȄ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ
DžǯǷǫǿ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ:
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ¥Ê Dzǫ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ĉ ć ǥDzǶ = NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ
ǕǷdzǩǴ
ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǗǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǩǭǯ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǯǨǫǸǻǮǨǺȄ Ǫ ȇǿǭDZDzǻ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǹ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǶDZ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǸǨǹǷǸǭǬǭdzǰǺȄ
ƳǗǠǞǚǔǘ
ǤDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǰǬ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǤ
Ljǯȃ ǴǩǧǬDzDZDzǦ ǵ DzǻǩDZȀ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦDzǨDzǭ ǬǯǬ Ǩǯȃ ǷǯǷǻǼǩDZǬȃ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶDzǦ
ǓDzǦǿǼǩDZDZǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǷǦǩǯǬǻǩDZDZDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
= džDzǨǤ dzǯȂǵ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
Ljǯȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰǬǬ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ dzDzǨDzǥDZǿǰǬ
ć ǡǮDz
aǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǕǶǴ
Ljǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǥDzǯǩǩ ǮDzǴDzǶǮDzǩ ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǤǰǬ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ʑ
Ĉ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ a ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǕǶǴ
ʑ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǻǤǵDzǦ ǻǤǵ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǑǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ dzDzǮǤ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ DZǩ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǪǩǯǤǩǰDzǩ
džǴǩǰȃ ǎDzDZǩǺ ǻǩǴǩǫ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǯDzǪǬǶȀ dzDzǻǤǵDzǦǿǰǬ ǬDZǶǩǴǦǤǯǤǰǬ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǷǰ ǨDz
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǓǩǴǩǨ DZǤǻǤǯDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZǤ ǫǤǨǩǴǪǮǤ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
ưǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ
ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ
ʑ
Ǒǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǵ ǤǮǦǤ ǵǶDzdzDzǰ
ƶǏǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ ǙǟǏǜ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ
ƱǪǙǚǭǦǔǜǗǔ
ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ
Ljǯȃ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ ǬǯǬ dzǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬȃ Ǭ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
$ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
DZǤǨDzǥDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ dzDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǷ dzǩǴǩǨ ǫǤdzǷǵǮDzǰ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ dzǴǬ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǨǤǪǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬǩ DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǵǶǤǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZDZDzǭ ǨDz ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǧDz
DzǮ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ
ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ
ǕǯǷǻǤǭDZDzǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZǿǹ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ '
ǓǴǬ ǦǿǥDzǴǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǦǿǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǤȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǯǩDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ƱǪǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
Ljǯȃ DzǹǯǤǪǨǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ƷǖǛǔǜǔǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ ǔǠǚǗ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǵǯǬǦ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǒǶǪǬǰ DZǤ ;
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ DZǬǫǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴDzǭ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǫǤDZDzǦDz
ƾǟǔǟǪǑǏǜǗǔ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ §Ê
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǏ ǝǙǝǜǦǔǜǏ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
ǙǟǏǜ
ƽǡǙǟǝǘǡǔ ǑǝǓǝǞǟǝǑǝǓǜǪǘ
ǫǤ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ
ǵǯǷǻǤǭDZDz ǦǿǥǴǤDZǤ DzǼǬǥDzǻDZǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǷǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ ; ǐǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDz ǦǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǶ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ǛǬǵǯDz DzǥDzǴDzǶDzǦ dzǴǬ DzǶǪǬǰǩ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǶǤǮǪǩ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǴǤǶȀ ; Džǩǫ
ǀǙǝǟǝǠǡǫ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ ; ưǔǖ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ ǐǔǖ ǝǙǝǜǦǏǡǔǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǝǡǕǗǛǏ
ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǦǤǴȀǬǴǷǩǶ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
džǿ ǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶȀ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZDZǷȂ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ džǿǥǬǴǤǩǰǤȃ
ǁǔǛǞǔǟǏǡǢǟǏ
ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǓDzǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬȃ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
ǑDzǦǤȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǤǻǬDZǤǩǶǵȃ ǵDZǤǻǤǯǤ
ʑ
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
$ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
Ljǯȃ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǩDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ DZǤ ǮǯǤǦǬǼǷ
dzDzǮǤǫǿǦǤǩǶ ǯ Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǕǶǤǴǶ ƾǏǢǖǏ ǗǻǤǵǶDzǮ ǨǬǵdzǯǩȃ
DZǤdzǴ Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ a ǕǶǴ
ƾǟǔǟǑǏǡǫ ƾǟǝǓǝǚǕǗǡǫ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǢ
a ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ ǕǶǴ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ
ǺǶdzȄDzǶ ǹdzǰǪ ǪǶǬȃ Ǭdzȇ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ; ljǭǯ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
ǕǷdzǩǴ ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
ǻǹǺǨǵǶǪǰǺǭ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǵǨ ;
ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǩǭǯ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵǶǫǶ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ Ǭdzȇ ȅǺǶǫǶ
> ǒǶǪǬǰ ǕǯǬǦ ȁDzǹǺǸǨǶǺǮǰǴ ǹ ǸǭǫǻdzǰǸǻǭǴǶDZ ǹDzǶǸǶǹǺȄȆ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǰdzǰ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ ǬǶǷ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǹ ǶǺǮǰǴǶǴ
ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ ǰdzǰ ǹ ȀǭǸǹǺȄȆ Ǫ ǹǶǹǺǨǪǭ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰdzǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ :
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ
1
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ DžǯǷǫǿ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǎǯǤǦǬǼǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ DzdzǺǬǭ
ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǔǷǻǮǤ
ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ Ǭ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǒǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz dzǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ dzǩǴǩǨ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǩǭ
ǕǶǴ
anjDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
a džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǕǶǴ
ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ
' ǰǬǧǤǩǶ ǩǵǯǬ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ
DZǤ ǮDZDzdzǮǬ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DZǤǪǤǶǬȃ
ǫDZǤǻǩDZǬǭ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ dzDzǵǯǩ
DŽǦǶDzǰǤǶǬǻǩǵǮDzǩ dzǴDzǹDzǪǨǩDZǬǩ
ƱǪǐǔǟǗǡǔ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ljǵǯǬ ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZDz ; Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ
ƾǝǖǓǟǏǑǚǮǔǛ ƱǏǠ ǵ dzDzǮǷdzǮDzǭ ǵDzǦǴǩǰǩDZDZDzǧDz ǦǿǵDzǮDzǮǤǻǩǵǶǦǩDZDZDzǧDz
ǬǯǬ dzDzǯǷǻǬǶǩ DzǥǴǤǶǬǦǼǬǵȀ Ǧ DzǨǬDZ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǬǹ
ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶȃǹ Ǭ ǵǩǴǦǬǵǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ DZǤ DZǤǼǩǰ ǵǤǭǶǩ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ Dz DZǤǼǬǹ dzǴDzǨǷǮǶǤǹ dzǴǬDZǤǨǯǩǪDZDzǵǶȃǹ
ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ dzǴDzǦǩǴǮǷ ǸǷDZǮǺǬǭ Ǭ ǥǩǫǷǮDzǴǬǫDZǩDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǵǶDzȃDZǬȃ
ǎǤǪǨǤȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ dzǩǴǩǨ ǦǿdzǷǵǮDzǰ Ǭǫ DZǤǼǩǧDz ǫǤǦDzǨǤ dzǴDzǹDzǨǬǶ
ǴǩǪǬǰDzǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
ǥǿǶDzǦDzǧDz dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ ǰǤǴǮǬ ǡǶDzǶ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǶǯǬǻǤǩǶǵȃ ȁǮDzDZDzǰDZǿǰ
DzǵǶǤǦǼǤȃǵȃ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǿǵDzǹǯǤ
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǦǔǠǙǏǮ ǢǡǗǚǗǖǏǥǗǮ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰǬ ǻǶDzǥǿ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ Ǭ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ
dzDzȃǦǯǩDZǬȃ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ dzDzǵǶDzǴDzDZDZǬǩ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶǿ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
> ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ
DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ
ǺǩDZǶǴDzǦ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǧDz DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ
ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǴǨDzǹ
ƾǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ
7 ǓǴǩǨǦ ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǦǿǥǴǤDZDZDzǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ Ǭ ȁǶǤdzǤ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬȃ
ǖǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ Ǭ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǦǿǥǬǴǤȂǶǵȃ ǬDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZDz
ǓDzǨǴDzǥDZǿǭ DzǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ a ǕǶǴ
DzǶǥǩǯǬǦǤǶǩǯȀ ǵDzǯȀ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
ǗǶǬǯǬǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǷ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ȁǮDzǯDzǧǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǷǰȃǧǻǩDZǬȃ ǦDzǨǿ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ DzǵDZDzǦDZDzǧDz ǺǬǮǯǤ
dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ DZǤ ǶǩǴǴǬǶDzǴǬǬ Ǧǵǩǹ ǵǶǴǤDZ ljǕ
LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦǤ DzdzǴǩǨǩǯȃǩǶ dzDzǴȃǨDzǮ ǵǥDzǴǤ Ǭ ǷǶǬǯǬǫǤǺǬǬ ǵǶǤǴǿǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ
DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ
ǒǥ DzǶǹDzǨǤǹ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz Ǭ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzDZDZDzǧDz
LjǤDZDZǿǭ ǥǿǶDzǦDzǭ dzǴǬǥDzǴ DzǥDzǫDZǤǻǩDZ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ LjǬǴǩǮǶǬǦDzǭ
ǶǴǩǥDzǦǤDZǬȃǰǬ
LjǩǴǪǬǶǩ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǶDzǯȀǮDz
ǑǗǚǙǢ Ǒ ǟǝǖǔǡǙǢ
ƹǚǏǑǗǧǗ ǣǢǜǙǥǗǘ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
ǗǚǗ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǤǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZ
ǴǩǪǬǰ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
DzǨDZǷ
DZǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǨDz Ƕǩǹ dzDzǴ
ǵǩǮ dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǫǤǵǦǩǶȃǶǵȃ
dž ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ DZǤ ȁǶǬǮǩǶǮǤǹ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃǰǬ
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǗǡǔ ǛǝǭǨǔǔ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ Ǘ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑǝ
Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ
ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ ǦǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ aǕǶǴ
Ǒǩ dzǴǩǦǿǼǤǭǶǩ ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ a ǕǶǴ
ǓDz ǦǬǨǷ ǺǦǩǶǷ ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǗǻǬǶǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ǫǤ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǩǰ
dzDzǮǤ DZǩ ǥǷǨǩǶ ǨDzǵǶǬǧDZǷǶ
ǀǝǟǡǗǟǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǖǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ǴǩǪǬǰǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǦǿǭǶǬ Ǭǫ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ DZǤ Â ǻǶDzǥǿ
ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ
ǪǩǯǤǩǰǿǭ ǷǴDzǦǩDZȀ
ȁǯǩǰǩDZǶǿ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
Ǧ DZǤǪǤǶDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ DzǮ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDzǰ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ
ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǯǩǪǤǶȀ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ dzDzȃǦǯȃǩǶǵȃ ;
ǓǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ ǵǯǷǪǬǶ
LjǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǬǰǦDzǯ ǵǦǩǶǬǶǵȃ ǩǵǯǬ ǨǦǩǴǺǷ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ
' DžǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ a ǕǶǴ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
1üü2üücü§Ê ǵǶǬǴǮǤ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ DzǶǪǬǰ ǨǯǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǬǯǬ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ Dz ǹDzǨǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
³¤ ¤ ǒǮDzDZǻǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzDzǵǯǩ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ dzDzǵǯǩ dzDzǵǯǩǨDZǩǧDz dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǥDzǴǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
; ³¯¯ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ ǬǯǬ ; Džǩǫ
¥Ê ɯ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǷ ¥Ê ǹDzǯDzǨDZǤȃ
ƾǏǢǖǏ
ǀǡǏǟǡ
ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ
ƾǔǟǔǙǚǭǦǏǡǔǚǫ
ƽǞǥǗǝǜǜǪǔ ǙǚǏǑǗǧǗ
Ǩǯȃ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǦǿǮǯȂǻǩDZǬȃ
ǓDzǦDzǴǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǧ DzǥDzǬǹ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǭǶǩ ǷǨǩǴǪǬǦǤǶȀ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
dzDzǫǬǺǬȂ
DzǨDZǷ
ǦdzǴǤǦDz DZǤ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ
Ǭ ǨǩǴǪǤǶȀ
DZǤǪǰǤǶȀ
DZǤ Â
ǴǩǪǬǰ
DZǤdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃǹ
ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǢǙǏǖǏǡǔǚǫǜǪǔ ǠǗǒǜǏǚǪ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ Ǩǯȃ ǗǒǜǏǚǪ ǙǚǏǑǗǧ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦDzǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǪǬǰ Ǩǯȃ ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǧǴDzǰǮDzǵǶǬ ǫǦǷǻǤDZǬȃ ǵǬǧDZǤǯǤ
ǀǗǒǜǏǚǪ
ʑ
ƷǜǓǗǑǗǓǢǏǚǫǜǪǔ ǢǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǗ
ǓǚǮ ǠǞǔǥǗǏǚǫǜǝǘ ǝǐǟǏǐǝǡǙǗ
ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ ȁǶǷ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬȂ dzǴǩǨDzǵǶǤǦǬǶ džǤǰ džǤǼǩ
ƱǠǡǏǑǫǡǔ ǧǡǔǞǠǔǚǫǜǢǭ
ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǰǤǼǬDZǤǹ
ǕǯǩǨǷǭǶǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰ ǶǩǹDZǬǮǬ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ DZǤ ǵǶǴ
ǞǝǠǚǔ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ ǠǝǝǡǑǔǡǠǡǑǢǭǨǗǤ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǘ DzǶ DZǬǹ
ǞǟǗǠǛǝǡǟǝǛ DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ ǬǯǬ
ǴǤǫǴǩǼǤǩǶǵȃ dzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤǶȀǵȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZDzǭ ǞǝǓ
ǵdzDzǵDzǥDZDzǵǶȃǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǵ DZǩǨDzǵǶǤǶǮDzǰ DzdzǿǶǤ Ǭ ǫDZǤDZǬǭ
ǸǬǫǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ ǵǩDZǵDzǴDZǿǰǬ ǬǯǬ ǷǰǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ʋ LjǩǶȃǰ Ǧ ǦDzǫǴǤǵǶǩ ǵǶǤǴǼǩ ǯǩǶ ǬǯǬ ǯǬǺǤǰ ǵ DzǧǴǤDZǬǻǩDZDZǿǰǬ
ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǮDzǶDzǴǿǩ ǰDzǪDZDz
dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
ǦDzǨDzǭ Ǭ ǵǶǤDZǨǤǴǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǩǯȃ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǹDzǯDzǨDZDzǭ dzǬǶȀǩǦDzǭ
ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǩǭǵȃ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ ǼǩǴǵǶǬ
ʋ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǰ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǩ ǵǶǬǴǤȂǽǬǹǵȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ʋ ǬǵǮǯȂǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǩǰ ǹDzǫȃǭǵǶǦǩ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǎǦǔǘǙǏ ~ ǎDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ
Ǒǩ DzǵǶǤǦǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ ǥǩǫ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǬǧǴǤǶȀǵȃ ǵ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǰ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǰ
ǂǠǡǏǜǝǑǙǏ Ǘ ǜǏǠǡǟǝǘǙǏ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛǪ
ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǮǴǿǼǮǤ
ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǧ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǤǭǶǩ
ƾǟǝǑǔǟǫǡǔ ǛǏǧǗǜǢ
ǵ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZǤȃ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ǓǤDZǩǯȀ ǷdzǴǤǦǯǩDZǬȃ
LjǩǶȃǰ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǩDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZȃǶȀ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ dzDz ǻǬǵǶǮǩ Ǭ
ǵ ȃǻǩǭǮǤǰǬ ~
ǎȂǦǩǶǤ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
ǓǴǩǨǷdzǴǩǪǨǤǩǶ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǬǩ
LJǷǵǶǿǩ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǿ Ǭ DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯǬ ǴǤǫǦDzǨǬǶǩ ǦDzǨDzǭ
ǦǥǯǬǫǬ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǰ ǪǬǦDzǶDZǿǰ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ
DzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǩDZDZǿǹ ǫǤ Ǭǹ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶȀ ǯǬǺ
ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǰǷ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǥǩǫ dzǴǬǵǰDzǶǴǤ
ǀǡǗǟǙǏ
dzǴDzǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DzǨǬDZ ǴǤǫ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ a ǕǶǴ
dzǴǩǨdzǴǬȃǶǬǩ ǦDzǨDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬȃ Ǭ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
ʋ ǓDzǨǧDzǶDzǦǮǤ
ʋ ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ
ʋ ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ dzDz ǶǩǹDZǬǮǩ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ
ʋ ǒǥǫDzǴ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ
ʋ njDZǨǬǦǬǨǷǤǯȀDZǿǩ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǬ
ʋ ǓDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ʋ ǕǶǬǴǮǤ
ʋ ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǤ Ǭ DZǤǵǶǴDzǭǮǤ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ʋ ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ʋ ǗǹDzǨ ǛǬǵǶǮǤ
ʋ ǓǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩ
ǀǝǓǔǟǕǏǜǗǔ ǕǶǴ
ƾǟǏǑǗǚǫǜǝǔ ǗǠǞǝǚǫǖǝǑǏǜǗǔ
ƱǏǧǏ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǏǮ ǛǏǧǗǜǏ
džDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤȃ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ
Ǭ dzDzǯDzǪǬǶǩ ǩǧDz Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ ǪǬǨǮDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǭ ǨDzǫǤǶDzǴ
Ljǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǥǩǫ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǬ Ǩǯȃ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
ʋ džǤǪDZǿǩ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ
ʋ ǕDzDzǥǽǩDZǬȃ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
DŽǚǝǞǝǙ ć ǡǮDz DŽDZǤǯDzǧǬǻDZǿǭ ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵDz
ƾǝǓǒǝǡǝǑǙǏ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǶDz ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ
ljǵǯǬ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵǷǼǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵǷǼǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǭ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨǿ
LjDzǫǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǫDZǤǻǬǶǩǯȀDZDz dzDzDZǬǪǩDZDZǿǰ dzDzǶǴǩǥǯǩDZǬǩǰ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶDz DŽǚǝǞǝǙ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
ʋ ǖǩǹDzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬǩ
ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ ǵǴǩǨDZǩ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZDZDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǥǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǩǯȃ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǭ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǶȀ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ DzǶDZDzǵǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǰǤǮǵǬǰǤǯȀDZDzǧDz
njǙǝǚǝǒǗǮ ƿǔǙǝǛǔǜǓǏǥǗǗ Ǟǝ ǬǙǝǜǝǛǗǗ
ʋ ǕǩǴǦǬǵDZǤȃ ǵǯǷǪǥǤ
ʋ ǡǮǵǶǴǩDZDZǤȃ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ
ʋ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ ǩǵǯǬ
ǯȂǮǤ
0212
9000748324
WLO20240OE
WLO24260OE
WLO20260OE
ƾǟǦǘǘ; ǃǚǐǗǐǝǘǯ
Ĉ(speed) *, ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ĉ(speed) *, ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
Ǭdzȇ ǶǹǶǩǶ ǿǻǪǹǺǪǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ DzǶǮǰ, ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵǨȇ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ
ǹ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵǶDZ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸǶDZ, ǷǶǪȃȀǭǵǵȃǴ ǻǸǶǪǵǭǴ ǪǶǬȃ,
ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǴ ǾǰDzdzǶǴ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
ǸǨǯdzǰǿǵȃǭ ǪǰǬȃ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶǮǵǶ ǹǺǰǸǨǺȄ ǪǴǭǹǺǭ
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
ǹǶDzǸǨȁǭǵǵȃǭ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰǭ ǰ ǶDzǶǵǿǨǺǭdzȄǵȃDZ ǶǺǮǰǴ
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ);
ǩǭǯ ǶǺǮǰǴǨ ǴǭǮǬǻ ǾǰDzdzǨǴǰ ǷǶdzǶǹDzǨǵǰȇ
ǶǹǶǩǭǵǵǶ ǩǭǸǭǮǵǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ǭdzȇ ǷǸǭǬǶǺǪǸǨȁǭǵǰȇ
ǻǹǨǬDzǰ ǺDzǨǵǰ, ǩǶdzǭǭ ǷǸǶǬǶdzǮǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǭ ǷǨǻǯȃ ǪǶ ǪǸǭǴȇ
ǪȃǷǶdzǵǭǵǰȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ (ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ dzǭǮǨǺ
Ǫ ǹǺǰǸǨdzȄǵǶǴ ǸǨǹǺǪǶǸǭ)
Ĉ(speed) *;
DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ, ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ Ǭdzȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ dzǭǫDzǶDZ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ
Carl-Wery-Str. 34
Robert Bosch Hausgeräte GmbH
81739 München/Deutschland
2 ǓDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬǩ, /> ǒǶǪǬǰ/ǕǯǬǦ
Ʋǘǔ ǑǕǛǬǯ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ, ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ ǹ ǰǵǺǭǵǹǰǪǵȃǴ ǸǨǹǽǶǬǶǴ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶȅǵǭǸǫǰǰ Ǭdzȇ ǹǰdzȄǵǶ
ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǵȃǽ ǷǸǶǿǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ, ǵǨǷǸ., ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ, ǹǺǶDZDzǰǭ Dz DzǰǷȇǿǭǵǰȆ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ
ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ
ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ, dzȄǵǨ,
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ.
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ ǵǭ ǺǸǭǩǻȆȁǰǭ ǶǹǶǩǶǫǶ ǻǽǶǬǨ
ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǵǭǴǵǻȁǰǭǹȇ ǪǭǸǽǵǰǭ ǸǻǩǨȀDzǰ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ, dzȄǵǨ, ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰDzǰ ǰdzǰ
ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
ǶǬǭǮǬǨ ǰǯ ǴǰDzǸǶǪǶdzǶDzǵǨ Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
Ǭdzȇ ǺǶǵDzǰǽ, ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǰǽǹȇ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ, ǵǨǷǸ., ǰǯ ȀǭdzDzǨ, ǹǨǺǰǵǨ,
ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǽ ǰdzǰ ǹǴǭȀǨǵǵȃǽ ǪǶdzǶDzǶǵ
Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨǭǴȃǽ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ǰdzǰ Ǫ ǴǨȀǰǵǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǯǬǭdzǰDZ ǰǯ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ
ǰdzǰ ǹ ǬǶǩǨǪdzǭǵǰǭǴ ȀǭǸǹǺǰ, ǵǨǷǸ., ǰǯ DzǨȀǭǴǰǸǨ, ǴǶǽǭǸǨ ǰdzǰ ǨǵǫǶǸȃ
ǷǸǰǫǶǬǵǨ ǺǨDzǮǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǺǰǸǨȆȁǭDZǹȇ ǪǸǻǿǵǻȆ ȀǭdzDzǨ
ǷǸǶǿǵȃǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǰǯ ǽdzǶǷDzǨ ǰdzǰ dzȄǵǨ; DzǶǸǶǺDzǨȇ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨ
6,0 Dzǫ/
3,5 Dzǫ *
3,0 Dzǫ
2,0 Dzǫ
3,5 Dzǫ/
2,0 Dzǫ *
¥Ê 90 °C
¥Ê 60 °C
¥Ê 40 °C
¥Ê 60 °C
¥Ê 40 °C
¥Ê 40 °C
ǕǰǩǼǤDZDZDzǩ
ƽǐǖǝǟ ǞǟǝǒǟǏǛǛ a ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ DZǤ ǶǤǥǯǬǺǷ «ǓǤǴǤǰǩǶǴǿ ǴǤǵǹDzǨǤ» DZǤ ǕǶǴ. 8 Ǭ «ǗǮǤǫǤDZǬȃ» DZǤ ǕǶǴ. 9!
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ °C ǜǐǚǡ.
LF ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
E LjǩǶǵǮǤȃ DzǨǩǪǨǤ ¥Ê 60 °C
I ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
7 + ǓǴǩǨǦ. ǵǶǬǴǮǤ
1
ǥǩǯȀȄ
LjǪǬDZǵǿ ǺǭǴǵȃǭ ǹǰǵǺǭǺǰǿǭǹDzǰǭ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ
ǔǷǥǤǼǮǬ/
DžǯǷǫǿ
Z ǕdzDzǴǶǬǦDZǤȃ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ:
W ǓǷǹDzǦǬǮǬ ¥Ê 40 °C 1,0 Dzǫ ǺǭDzǹǺǰdzȄǵȃǭ ǰǯǬǭdzǰȇ ǹ ǷǻǽǶǴ Ǭdzȇ ǸǻǿǵǶDZ ǰ ǴǨȀǰǵǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ Ĉ(speed), ć (ǥDzǶ), = (NJǶǬǨ ǷdzȆǹ)
/ ǕǷdzǩǴ
ǥǿǵǶǴǤȃ 30'/15'
LjDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
ǷǶ ȇǿǭDZDzǨǴ I ǰ II.
* ǔǭǵȄȀǨȇ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǨ Ǫ ǶǷǾǰǰ Ĉ(speed).
ǗǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǩǭǯ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǰ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǯǨǫǸǻǮǨǺȄ Ǫ ȇǿǭDZDzǻ II, ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ ǹ ǷǸǭǬǪǨǸǰǺǭdzȄǵǶDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǶDZ ǴǶȆȁǭǭ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǶ ǸǨǹǷǸǭǬǭdzǰǺȄ
7
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ Ǟǝ ǡǔǤǜǗǙǔ ǐǔǖǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǗ
ǓǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ, ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ, Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ
ǦǵȂ dzǴǬǯǤǧǤǩǰǷȂ Ǯ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬDzDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤDZǬȃ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǥǷǨǷǽǩǰ.
Ǭ ǨǩǭǵǶǦǷǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ dzǴǬǦǩǨǩDZDZǿǰǬ ǶǤǰ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ.
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ
ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǫǤ dzǴDzǦDzǨ, ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǫǤ ǧDzǯDzǦǮǷ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǜǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǦǵǶǤǦǯȃǶȀ Ǧ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǷ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǤǶȀ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǦǬǯǮǬ!
ƽǞǏǠǜǝ ǓǚǮ ǕǗǖǜǗ Ljǯȃ ǦǿǥǿǦǼǬǹ Ǭǫ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ:
ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ.
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
ǓǩǴǩǴǩǪȀǶǩ ǵǩǶǩǦDzǭ ǮǤǥǩǯȀ Ǭ ǦǿǥǴDzǵȀǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ ǵDz ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǦǬǯǮDzǭ.
ǕǯDzǰǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǰDzǮ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz ǯȂǮǤ. LjǩǶǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǫǤǮǴǿǶȀǵȃ Ǧ dzǴǬǥDzǴǩ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǢǓǢǧǫǮ Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶȃǰ ǬǧǴǤǶȀ ǵ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮDzǭ, dzǯǩDZǮDzǭ Ǭ ǻǤǵǶȃǰǬ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǬ.
Ǭ dzDzǨǦǩǴǧDZǷǶȀ ǵǦDzȂ ǪǬǫDZȀ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ.
ǝǡǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
Ǧ DZǩǨDzǵǶǷdzDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǰǩǵǶǩ.
Ǒ ǟǔǖǢǚǫǡǏǡǔ ǑǖǟǪǑǏ
ǖǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ, DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǤDZDZǿǩ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤǰǬ,
ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰǬ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯǬ, (DZǤdzǴ., ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ/
ǥǩDZǫǬDZ Ǩǯȃ ǻǬǵǶǮǬ) ǰDzǧǷǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǦǫǴǿǦǷ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǻǩDZȀ ǵǬǯȀDZDz DZǤǧǴǩǶȀǵȃ.
dzǴDzdzDzǯDzǵDZǷǶȀ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ.
ǖǤǮǬǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZDz
ǡǟǏǑǛ
DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǯǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǧDz ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ.
Ǒǩ ǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩǵȀ DZǤ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ.
Ǒǩ DzdzǬǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ DZǤ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ.
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ.
ƾǏǟǏǛǔǡǟǪ ǟǏǠǤǝǓǏ
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǐ
ƴǞǟǞǛǝǘǢǕǛǬǝǐǯ
ǤǣǝǚǦǘǯ
ƷǐǓǠǣǗǚǐ
ǀǐǡǥǞǔ ǭǛǕǚǢǠǞ-
ǭǝǕǠǓǘǘ
***
ƲǞǔǐ
***
ǝǞǡǢǬ ǟǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ
ƿǠǞǔǞǛǖǘǢǕǛǬ-
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
20 °C **
***
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
40 °C **
6,0 Dzǫ 0,94 DzNJǺǿ 64 dz 2:05 ǿ
6,0 Dzǫ 0,27 DzNJǺǿ 64 dz 2:05 ǿ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
60 °C
6,0 Dzǫ 1,29 DzNJǺǿ 64 dz 2:05 ǿ
ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ 40 °C **
90 °C
60 °C */**
ć
ǥDzǶ
(
)** 6,0 Dzǫ 1,02 DzNJǺǿ 48 dz 3:00 ǿ
6,0 Dzǫ 2,12 DzNJǺǿ 72 dz 2:10 ǿ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ 30 °C 2,0 Dzǫ 0,22 DzNJǺǿ 35 dz 0:43 ǿ
3,0 Dzǫ 0,59 DzNJǺǿ 48 dz 1:22 ǿ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ : 30 °C 2,0 Dzǫ 0,16 DzNJǺǿ 40 dz 0:40 ǿ
* ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰȇ ǰ DzdzǨǹǹǰǼǰDzǨǾǰǰ ȅǵǭǸǫǶǷǶǺǸǭǩdzǭǵǰȇ ǹǶǫdz. njǰǸǭDzǺǰǪȃ EN60456:2005.
** ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǶǫdz. EC60456 Ǫ ǨDzǺǻǨdzȄǵǶDZ Ǫ ǵǨǹǺǶȇȁǭǭ ǪǸǭǴȇ ǪǭǸǹǰǰ.
ǛDzǨǯǨǵǰǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǸǨǪǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ: njdzȇ ǷǸǶǪǭǬǭǵǰȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǪȃǷǶdzǵȇǭǺǹȇ Ǫ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ
*** ǏǵǨǿǭǵǰȇ ǶǺdzǰǿǨȆǺǹȇ Ǫ ǯǨǪǰǹǰǴǶǹǺǰ ǶǺ ǬǨǪdzǭǵǰȇ ǪǶǬȃ, ǮǭǹǺDzǶǹǺǰ ǪǶǬȃ ǰ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǷǶǹǺǻǷǨȆȁǭDZ ǪǶǬȃ, Ǩ ǺǨDzǮǭ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨǽ ǹ ǻDzǨǯǨǵǵǶDZ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǶDZ ǰ ǴǨDzǹǰǴǨdzȄǵȃǴ ǿǰǹdzǶǴ ǶǩǶǸǶǺǶǪ.
ǵǨǷǸȇǮǭǵǰȇ Ǫ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶǹǭǺǰ ǰ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵȃǽ ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǼǻǵDzǾǰDZ ǶǺ ǷǸǰǪǭǬǭǵǵȃǽ ǯǵǨǿǭǵǰDZ.
ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǶDzǸǻǮǨȆȁǭDZ ǹǸǭǬȃ
, ǺǰǷǨ, DzǶdzǰǿǭǹǺǪǨ ǰ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ, ǴǶȆȁǭǫǶ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǨ, DzǶdzǭǩǨǵǰDZ
8
8
ƱǏǕǜǪǔ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǪǤȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ! ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ.
ǣǻǩǭǮǷ II ǫǤdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ:
dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz 1 ǯǬǶǴDzǰ ǦDzǨǿ.
ǰDzȂǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ (ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǩǯȃ ǯǩǧǮDzǭ
ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǭ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵDz ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶǬ ǦDzǨǿ).
ǓDzǵǯǩ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ Ǧ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ Â ƱǪǙǚ..
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 90 °C. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
ǓǴǬ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ Ǧǵǩǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ, ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ
ưǔǟǔǕǜǝǔ ǝǡǜǝǧǔǜǗǔ Ǚ ǐǔǚǫǭ Ǘ ǛǏǧǗǜǔ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵȄ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ.
ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ.
ǓǴDzǵǯǩǨǬǶǩ Ǧ DzǵDzǥǩDZDZDzǵǶǬ, ǻǶDzǥǿ Ǧ ǮǤǴǰǤDZǤǹ DZǩ DzǵǶǤǦǤǯDzǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǹ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶDzǦ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ/ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ (ǻǷǯǮǬ, ǧǤǴǨǬDZǿ, ǥȂǵǶǧǤǯȀǶǩǴǤ).
(ǵǮǴǩdzDzǮ Ǭ Ƕ.dz.).
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǰǮǬ-ǰDzǯDZǬǬ, ǫǤǵǶǩǧDZǬǶǩ dzǷǧDzǦǬǺǿ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ.
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǮǴȂǻǮǬ ǵDz ǼǶDzǴ ǬǯǬ ǵǦȃǪǬǶǩ Ǭǹ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ/ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ.
džǿǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǽǩǶǮDzǭ dzǩǵDzǮ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ Ǭ DzǶǦDzǴDzǶDzǦ.
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ.
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ!
ưǔǚǫǔ ǟǏǖǚǗǦǜǝǘ ǠǡǔǞǔǜǗ ǖǏǒǟǮǖǜǔǜǜǝǠǡǗ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DZDzǦǿǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDz.
ǏǩǧǮDzǩ Džǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ. ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ DzdzǺǬǬ
Ĉ (Speed).
ǓǴDzǦǩǨǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǷ dzȃǶǩDZ, ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ.
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ, ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 7 + ƾǟǔǓǑ. ǠǡǗǟǙǏ.
ǕǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǐǩDZȀǼǩǩ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ.
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 7 + ƾǟǔǓǑ. ǠǡǗǟǙǏ.
NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ II ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǬǯǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
ƶǏǛǏǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ NjǤǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǨǬDZǤǮDzǦDzǧDz ǺǦǩǶǤ.
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 30 °C. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ).
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz ǻǩǴǩǫ 10 ǰǬDZǷǶ $ (ǕǶǤǴǶ/ƾǏǢǖǏ), ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ.
ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦDZDzǦȀ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/
ǓǤǷǫǤ), ǻǶDzǥǿ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ.
ƹǟǏǤǛǏǚǔǜǗǔ DžǩǯȀǩ DZǩǯȀǫȃ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤǶȀ ǵ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴDzǰ.
ǓDzǨǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǦDz Ǧǵǩǹ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤǹ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz
ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ~ (ȃǻǩǭǮǷ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ).
ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǤ. NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ Ǩǯȃ
ƹǟǏǧǔǜǗǔ/ƽǐǔǠǥǑǔǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ
ǒǮǴǤǼǬǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǬǫǦDzǨǬǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz Ǧ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǩ, DzǥǿǻDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǹ ǷǵǯDzǦǬǭ.
ǮǴǤǵȃǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ! Ƽǔ DzǥǩǵǺǦǩǻǬǦǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ!
ǕDzǯȀ ǰDzǪǩǶ ǴǤǫǴǷǼǤǶȀ DZǩǴǪǤǦǩȂǽǷȂ ǵǶǤǯȀ! ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ dzǴǩǨdzǬǵǤDZǬȃ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
9
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ǂǤǝǓ džǗǠǡǙǏ
ƱǖǟǪǑǝǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ Ǒǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȃǰǬ
ʑ
ƹǝǟǞǢǠ ǛǏǧǗǜǪ ǞǏǜǔǚǫ ǢǞǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ǓǴDzǶǴǬǶǩ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦǯǤǪDZDzǭ ǶǮǤDZȀȂ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz DZǩǰǩǨǯǩDZDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ dzDzǨ ǵǶǴǷǩǭ ǦDzǨǿ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǤǩǶǵȃ
ƹǭǑǔǡǢ ǓǚǮ ǛǝǭǨǗǤ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑ ǜǔǝǐǤǝǓǗǛǝ ǞǝǦǗǠǡǗǡǫ
DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ
Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǤǯǬǻǬȃ DzǵǶǤǶǮDzǦ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǬǯǬ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz
džǿǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ ǨDz ǷdzDzǴǤ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǦDZǬǫ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ dzǤǯȀǺǩǰ DZǤ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǵDZǬǫǷ ǦǦǩǴǹ
Ǭǫ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
džǤDZDZDzǻǮǷ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ dzǴDzǰDzǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ
ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǽǩǶǮǬ Ǭ ǦǿǶǴǬǶǩ Ǭǹ DZǤǵǷǹDz
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǩǩ DZǤǨǩDZȀǶǩ ǺǬǯǬDZǨǴ
DZǤ DZǤdzǴǤǦǯȃȂǽǬǭ ǵǶǩǴǪǩDZȀ
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ dzǴǬDzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǵǰDzǧǯǬ ǦǿǵDzǹDZǷǶȀ
ʑ
ưǏǟǏǐǏǜ
Ljǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ ǦDzǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ DZǩ ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰ ǹǯDzǴǤ
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǻǶDzǥǿ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ ǦǿǵDzǹ
DZǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ ǧǷǥǮǤǰǬ
ʑ
ǂǓǏǚǔǜǗǔ ǜǏǙǗǞǗ dž ǰǤǼǬDZǩ DZǩ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǯǩǪǤǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ
ǓǴǬ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ dž dzǴDzǶǬǦDZDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǨǩǭǵǶǦDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ ǕDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǬDzǥǴǩǵǶǬ
ǻǩǴǩǫ DZǤǼǷ ǵǶǴǤDZǬǺǷ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ a ǕǶǴ
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ ǜǏ ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
§j ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ
ǯ
ǏȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǭǫ ǫǤ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǿ
aǓDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ dzDzǮǤ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ DZǩǰDZDzǧDz ǵDZǬǫǬǶǵȃ
ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ DZǤdzǴ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ
ǏȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǭǫ ǫǤ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ aǕǯǩǭǶǩ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ
§ ³Å
a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟ Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ǕDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ ǕǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮDzǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ dzDzǯDZDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
§ ³µ
ǑǤǵDzǵ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ
a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǜǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ ǵǯǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǴǷǥǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǿ a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
§ ´
džǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
džDzǨǤ Ǧ dzDzǨǨDzDZǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ DZǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZǤ NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
'
ljǵǯǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ a ǕǶǴ
ª
ǐǬǧǤǩǶ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǥDzǯȀǼDzǧDz ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
a ǕǶǴ
ƳǟǢǒǗǔ Ǡǝ
ǝǐǨǔǜǗǮ ǜǏ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ dzǴǬǥDzǴ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǩǧDz ǵDZDzǦǤ
ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ
ljǵǯǬ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǵDZDzǦǤ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ a ǕǶǴ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ
ǁǔǤǝǐǠǚǢǕǗǑǏǜǗǔ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
LjǤǭǶǩ DzǵǶǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǰǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǰǷ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǷ
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ ǔǠǚǗ
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ ǔǠǚǗ
ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ
ʑ
džǿǶǩǮǤǩǶ ǦDzǨǤ NjǤǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDz ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
NjǤǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǨDz DzǶǮǤǫǤ ǦǬDZǶDzǦDzǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬǩ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ʑ
ǕǯǩǨǿ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
njDZDzǧǨǤ Ǧ ǵDzǵǶǤǦ ǥǩǫǸDzǵǸǤǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǦǹDzǨȃǶ
ʑ
džDzǨǤ DZǩ ǫǤǯǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ ǬǯǬ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
DZǩ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴȃȂǽǬǩǵȃ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǦǩǽǩǵǶǦǤ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ
Ǒǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
DZǩ ǫǤǰǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
džDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ a ǕǶǴ
ǽǩǶǮDzǭ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ
ǐDzǪǩǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǵDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǤ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǦǿǮǯ ǦǮǯ ǬǯǬ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
ʑ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ ǸǷDZǮǺǬȃ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ ǓǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
a ǕǶǴ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ
a ǕǶǴ
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ Ǭ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ
ǐDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz dzǷǶǩǰ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ Ǭ ǵǯǩǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
a ǕǶǴ
ǓǴǬǧDzǶDzǦȀǶǩ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǷȂ ǩǰǮDzǵǶȀ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz
ʑ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǩ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ ǬǯǬ ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ
njǙǠǡǟǔǜǜǏǮ ǟǏǖǐǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ DZǤdzǴ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzǩǴǩǥDzȃ Ǧ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬǬ
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǧ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȀ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤǩǶǵȃ
NjǤǮǴǿǶ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ʑ
ǐDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
DZǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ
a ǕǶǴ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǩǶǵȃ ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǦDzǫDzǥDZDzǦǬǶǵȃ dzDzǨǤǻǤ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ljǵǯǬ Ǧǵǩ ǶǤǮǬ
ǓDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤȂǽǬǭ DZǤǵDzǵ aǕǶǴ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǦǿǧǴǷǫǬǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǶDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǬǰ DzǥǴǤǫDzǰ
ǒǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz DzǶǦǬDZǶǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZǷȂ ǶǴǷǥǷ Ǭ ǬǯǬ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DZǤǵDzǵ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǴǩǫȀǥǷ ǮǴǿǼǮǬ DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǭ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ DZǤǵDzǵǤ
ǯDzdzǤǵǶDZDzǩ ǮDzǯǩǵDz DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǵǦDzǥDzǨDZDz
ʑ
ǦDzǨǿ
dž ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ DZǩ ǦǬǨDZDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦDzǨǤ DZǬǪǩ ǦǬǨǬǰDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ
ǦǴǤǽǤǶȀǵȃ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǿ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǴǩǴǦǤǯǤ DzǶǪǬǰ
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ
dž ȁǶDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ dzDzǮǤ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǿDZǷǶ
ǕǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǬǰǬ
ʑ
ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǮǴDzǩ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ
DZǩǷǨDzǦǯǩǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǿ
ǐǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ Ǭ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ ǦǩǽǬ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǬǶǩ ǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDz
ǦǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬǩ DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǩǵǯǬ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǬǨDZǤ ǵǮǦDzǫȀ ǵǶǩǮǯDz
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǮǴǷǶǬǶǩ ǩǩ
ǦǯǤǪDZDzǩ
Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǔǷǻǮǤ ǨDzǯǪDZǤ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ Ǧ ǦǩǴǶǬǮǤǯȀDZDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ
džǿǥǴǤDZǤ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ a ǕǶǴ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzǴǬǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǩ
ǕǯǩǭǶǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ a ǕǶǴ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ
ǛǶDzǥǿ dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ ǦǿǶǩǮǤDZǬǩ Ǧ ǵǶDzǮ DZǩǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
ʑ
ǓǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ ǓDzǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǫ
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǺǬǮǯǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǰǩDZȃǩǶǵȃ
ǵ dzǴDzǺǩǵǵDzǰ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǡǶDz ǰDzǪǩǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬȃǰ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǰǩDZǶǤ
Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ DzǶdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ʑ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz DZǤǻǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǸǤǫǤ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ʑ
0 Ǩǯȃ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǩ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ Ǒǩ ǦǯǬȃǩǶ DZǤ ȁǸǸǩǮǶǬǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ
ǀǔǟǑǗǠǜǏǮ ǠǚǢǕǐǏ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǹDzǰǷǶ Ǩǯȃ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz ǵDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzDzǰDzǭǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ a ǕǶǴ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ ǩǵǯǬ
džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ʑ
NjǤdzǤǹ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ
ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
njǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩ ǷDZǬǦǩǴǵǤǯȀDZDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ʑ
ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǩ ǴǩǼǩDZǬǩ ǻǶDzǥǿ ǬǫǥǩǪǤǶȀ DZǩDZǷǪDZDzǧDz ǦǿǫDzǦǤ ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤ
a ǕǶǴ ǶDzǧǨǤ DzǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ dzDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ Ǧ DZǤǼǷ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ ǐǿ ǦǵǩǧǨǤ DZǤǭǨǩǰ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǵǬǸDzDZDZǿǭ dzǤǶǴǷǥDzǮ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ª
ǎDzDZǶǤǮǶDZǿǩ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ ǴǤǵdzDzǯDzǪǩDZDZDzǭ dzDzǥǯǬǫDzǵǶǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǿ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǫǨǩǵȀ ǬǯǬ
ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟ Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰǩǵǶDz ǵDzǩǨǬDZǩDZǬȃ ǹDzǰǷǶDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ
ʑ
ǰǬǧǤǩǶ njǫ ǮȂǦǩǶǿ Ǩǯȃ
NjǤǧǴǷǪǩDZDz ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǰDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǰDzǪǩǶ
ǕǰǩǼǤǭǶǩ ǵǶ ǯ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ǵ ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǯǩǭǶǩ
ʑ
Ǧ ǵdzǬǵǮǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǿǹ ǵǯǷǪǥ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǷ ǫǤǽǬǶDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz DŽǮǦǤ ǵǶDzdz DzǵDZǤǽǩDZDz
ǦǿǵǶǷdzǤǶȀ dzǩDZǤ
ǵ dzǷǹDzǰ
DzǨǩǪǨǿ Ǩǯȃ ǤǮǶǬǦDZDzǧDz DzǶǨǿǹǤ ǵdzDzǴǶǤ Ǭ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ
ǪǬǨǮDzǵǶȀ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ ǑǩǯȀǫȃ dzǴǬǰǩDZȃǶȀ Ǩǯȃ ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǤǯȀDZDzǭ
ʑ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǓDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ ǵDzDzǥǽǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǩ DZDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ Ǭ ǫǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
ȁǯǩǮǶǴǬǻǩǵǮǬǰ ǮǯǤdzǤDZDzǰ
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨDzǫǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǡǶǬ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǼǯǤDZǧǩ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǜǷǰǿ ǦǬǥǴǤǺǬǬ Ǭ
ǯȂǮǤ Ǧ DzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǮǴǿǼǮǩ ǺDzǮDzǯȃ Ǩǯȃ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǯȂǥǷȂ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǮǴDzǰǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ʑ
dzǩǴǩǰǩǽǩDZǬǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
NjǤǸǬǮǵǬǴDzǦǤDZǿ ǯǬ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǓǴǬǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ Ǯ dzDzǯǷ a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ DZǤ ǵdzǬDZǮǩ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ DzǮ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
ǕDZȃǶǿ ǯǬ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ
ǑDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ NjǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ʑ
ƳǝǑǔǟǫǡǔǠǫ ǙǝǛǞǔǡǔǜǡǜǝǠǡǗ ǗǖǒǝǡǝǑǗǡǔǚǮ ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǯ DZǤǰ
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ
ǡǶDz ǧǤǴǤDZǶǬǴǷǩǶ džǤǰ ǮǦǤǯǬǸǬǺǬǴDzǦǤDZDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZDZǿǭ ǴǩǰDzDZǶ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤǰǬ dzDz
ǒǶǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ DzǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZDzǧDz ǮǴǤDZǤ
ʑ
ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ DZǩ
LjǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǯǤǰdzDzǻǮǬ
ǓǩǴǩǥDzǭ Ǧ dzDzǨǤǻǩ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǷ Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮDzǭ ǽǩǶǮǬ
ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǬǴǷȂǶ
džǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǯDzǵȀ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz
DzǴǬǧǬDZǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶǩǭ
Ǘ ǗǚǗ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǕǶǤDZǨǤǴǶ Ǭ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵDz ǵdzǬDZǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
dž ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǦǶDzǴDZDzǧDz ǦDzǫDZǬǮDZDzǦǩDZǬȃ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ
ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
Ǭ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǩǧDz
ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ dzǯDzǵǮDzǧǷǥǺǩǦ
ʑ
ǨDzǯȀǼǩ ǻǩǰ DzǥǿǻDZDz
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ ǨǯǬǶǵȃ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǫǤDZDzǦDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǭ dzǴDzǦǩǴȀǶǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZDzǵǶȀ
ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯȃȃ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ džǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǵǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ dzǩDZDzDzǥǴǤǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ
džǮǯȂǻǤȂǶǵȃ ǨDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ ǺǬǮǯǿ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ Ǟǝ ǡǔǤǜǗǙǔ ǐǔǖǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǗ
ƱǏǕǜǪǔ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
ǓǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ
ǦǵȂ dzǴǬǯǤǧǤǩǰǷȂ Ǯ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬDzDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤDZǬȃ
ǣǻǩǭǮǷ ǫǤdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǪǤȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
Ǭ ǨǩǭǵǶǦǷǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ dzǴǬǦǩǨǩDZDZǿǰǬ ǶǤǰ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǥǷǨǷǽǩǰ
ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ
ǜǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǦǵǶǤǦǯȃǶȀ Ǧ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǷ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǤǶȀ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǦǬǯǮǬ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǫǤ dzǴDzǦDzǨ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǫǤ ǧDzǯDzǦǮǷ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ǰDzȂǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǩǯȃ ǯǩǧǮDzǭ
dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz ǯǬǶǴDzǰ ǦDzǨǿ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǭ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵDz ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝ ǓǚǮ ǕǗǖǜǗ Ljǯȃ ǦǿǥǿǦǼǬǹ Ǭǫ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ
ǓDzǵǯǩ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ Ǧ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ Â ƱǪǙǚ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǓǩǴǩǴǩǪȀǶǩ ǵǩǶǩǦDzǭ ǮǤǥǩǯȀ Ǭ ǦǿǥǴDzǵȀǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ ǵDz ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǦǬǯǮDzǭ
ǕǯDzǰǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǰDzǮ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz ǯȂǮǤ LjǩǶǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǫǤǮǴǿǶȀǵȃ Ǧ dzǴǬǥDzǴǩ
ǓǴǬ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ Ǧǵǩǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ
ưǔǟǔǕǜǝǔ ǝǡǜǝǧǔǜǗǔ Ǚ ǐǔǚǫǭ Ǘ ǛǏǧǗǜǔ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵȄ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ
ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
Ǭ dzDzǨǦǩǴǧDZǷǶȀ ǵǦDzȂ ǪǬǫDZȀ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ
ǓǴDzǵǯǩǨǬǶǩ Ǧ DzǵDzǥǩDZDZDzǵǶǬ ǻǶDzǥǿ Ǧ ǮǤǴǰǤDZǤǹ DZǩ DzǵǶǤǦǤǯDzǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǹ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶDzǦ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ ǻǷǯǮǬ ǧǤǴǨǬDZǿ ǥȂǵǶǧǤǯȀǶǩǴǤ
ǵǮǴǩdzDzǮ Ǭ Ƕ dz
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǢǓǢǧǫǮ Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶȃǰ ǬǧǴǤǶȀ ǵ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮDzǭ dzǯǩDZǮDzǭ Ǭ ǻǤǵǶȃǰǬ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
ǝǡǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ
Ǧ DZǩǨDzǵǶǷdzDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǰǩǵǶǩ
ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰǬ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯǬ DZǤdzǴ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǮǴȂǻǮǬ ǵDz ǼǶDzǴ ǬǯǬ ǵǦȃǪǬǶǩ Ǭǹ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
Ǒ ǟǔǖǢǚǫǡǏǡǔ ǑǖǟǪǑǏ
ǖǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǤDZDZǿǩ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤǰǬ
džǿǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǽǩǶǮDzǭ dzǩǵDzǮ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ Ǭ DzǶǦDzǴDzǶDzǦ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǰǮǬ ǰDzǯDZǬǬ ǫǤǵǶǩǧDZǬǶǩ dzǷǧDzǦǬǺǿ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ
ǥǩDZǫǬDZ Ǩǯȃ ǻǬǵǶǮǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǦǫǴǿǦǷ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ
dzǴDzdzDzǯDzǵDZǷǶȀ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǖǤǮǬǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZDz
Ǒǩ ǫǤǪǬǰǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰǩǪǨǷ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǰ ǯȂǮDzǰ Ǭ ǴǩǫǬDZDzǦǿǰ ǷdzǯDzǶDZǬǶǩǯǩǰ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪǩǶ DzǻǩDZȀ ǵǬǯȀDZDz DZǤǧǴǩǶȀǵȃ
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ
ưǔǚǫǔ ǟǏǖǚǗǦǜǝǘ ǠǡǔǞǔǜǗ ǖǏǒǟǮǖǜǔǜǜǝǠǡǗ
Ǒǩ DzdzǬǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ DZǤ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǭ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
Ǒǩ ǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩǵȀ DZǤ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǷȂ ǰǤǼǬDZǷ
ǡǟǏǑǛ
DžǷǨȀǶǩ DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZǿ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǯǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǧDz ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ
ǕǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ DZDzǦǿǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DzǶǨǩǯȀDZDz
Ĉ
ǏǩǧǮDzǩ Džǩǫ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ DzdzǺǬǬ
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 7 ƾǟǔǓǑ ǠǡǗǟǙǏ
ǓǴDzǦǩǨǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǷȂ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǷ dzȃǶǩDZ ǩǵǯǬ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ
ǕǬǯȀDZDzǩ ǐǩDZȀǼǩǩ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦDz ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ
ƾǏǟǏǛǔǡǟǪ ǟǏǠǤǝǓǏ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ 7 ƾǟǔǓǑ ǠǡǗǟǙǏ
ƶǏǛǏǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ NjǤǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǨǬDZǤǮDzǦDzǧDz ǺǦǩǶǤ
ƿǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǐ
ƴǞǟǞǛǝǘǢǕǛǬǝǐǯ
ǤǣǝǚǦǘǯ
ƷǐǓǠǣǗǚǐ
ǀǐǡǥǞǔ ǭǛǕǚǢǠǞ
ǭǝǕǠǓǘǘ
ƲǞǔǐ
ƿǠǞǔǞǛǖǘǢǕǛǬ
ǝǞǡǢǬ ǟǠǞǓǠǐǜǜǫ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz Ǩǯȃ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǬǯǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz ǻǩǴǩǫ ǰǬDZǷǶ $ ǕǶǤǴǶ ƾǏǢǖǏ ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǓǤǷǫǤ ǻǶDzǥǿ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ
ǓDzǵǯǩ ǫǤǰǤǻǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǬǫǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǬǯǬ ǦǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǦDZDzǦȀ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ
ƹǟǏǤǛǏǚǔǜǗǔ DžǩǯȀǩ DZǩǯȀǫȃ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤǶȀ ǵ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴDzǰ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǥDzǶ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
ǙǯDzdzDzǮ
ć
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǤ NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ Ǩǯȃ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǓDzǨǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǦDz Ǧǵǩǹ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤǹ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz
ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ~ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ : Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰȇ ǰ DzdzǨǹǹǰǼǰDzǨǾǰǰ ȅǵǭǸǫǶǷǶǺǸǭǩdzǭǵǰȇ ǹǶǫdz njǰǸǭDzǺǰǪȃ
ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǶǫdz Ǫ ǨDzǺǻǨdzȄǵǶDZ Ǫ ǵǨǹǺǶȇȁǭǭ ǪǸǭǴȇ ǪǭǸǹǰǰ
ƹǟǏǧǔǜǗǔ ƽǐǔǠǥǑǔǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ
ǒǮǴǤǼǬǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǬǫǦDzǨǬǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz Ǧ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǩ DzǥǿǻDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǹ ǷǵǯDzǦǬǭ
ǕDzǯȀ ǰDzǪǩǶ ǴǤǫǴǷǼǤǶȀ DZǩǴǪǤǦǩȂǽǷȂ ǵǶǤǯȀ ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ dzǴǩǨdzǬǵǤDZǬȃ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
ǮǴǤǵȃǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ƽǔ DzǥǩǵǺǦǩǻǬǦǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨǽ ǹ ǻDzǨǯǨǵǵǶDZ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǶDZ ǰ ǴǨDzǹǰǴǨdzȄǵȃǴ ǿǰǹdzǶǴ ǶǩǶǸǶǺǶǪ
ǛDzǨǯǨǵǰǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǸǨǪǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ njdzȇ ǷǸǶǪǭǬǭǵǰȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǪȃǷǶdzǵȇǭǺǹȇ Ǫ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ
ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǶDzǸǻǮǨȆȁǭDZ ǹǸǭǬȃ ǺǰǷǨ DzǶdzǰǿǭǹǺǪǨ ǰ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶȆȁǭǫǶ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǨ DzǶdzǭǩǨǵǰDZ
ǏǵǨǿǭǵǰȇ ǶǺdzǰǿǨȆǺǹȇ Ǫ ǯǨǪǰǹǰǴǶǹǺǰ ǶǺ ǬǨǪdzǭǵǰȇ ǪǶǬȃ ǮǭǹǺDzǶǹǺǰ ǪǶǬȃ ǰ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǷǶǹǺǻǷǨȆȁǭDZ ǪǶǬȃ Ǩ ǺǨDzǮǭ
ǵǨǷǸȇǮǭǵǰȇ Ǫ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶǹǭǺǰ ǰ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵȃǽ ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǼǻǵDzǾǰDZ ǶǺ ǷǸǰǪǭǬǭǵǵȃǽ ǯǵǨǿǭǵǰDZ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ!
ǂǤǝǓ/džǗǠǡǙǏ
ƱǖǟǪǑǝǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ! Ǒǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȃǰǬ!
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
ʑ
ƹǝǟǞǢǠ ǛǏǧǗǜǪ, ǞǏǜǔǚǫ ǢǞǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz DZǩǰǩǨǯǩDZDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ.
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ dzDzǨ ǵǶǴǷǩǭ ǦDzǨǿ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǓǴDzǶǴǬǶǩ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ, ǦǯǤǪDZDzǭ ǶǮǤDZȀȂ.
ƹǭǑǔǡǢ ǓǚǮ ǛǝǭǨǗǤ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑ ǜǔǝǐǤǝǓǗǛǝ ǞǝǦǗǠǡǗǡǫ ...
... Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǤǯǬǻǬȃ DzǵǶǤǶǮDzǦ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǬǯǬ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz
DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ.
1. džǿǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ ǨDz ǷdzDzǴǤ, DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǦDZǬǫ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ
2. njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ: DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ dzǤǯȀǺǩǰ DZǤ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǵDZǬǫǷ ǦǦǩǴǹ.
Ǭǫ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
3. džǤDZDZDzǻǮǷ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ dzǴDzǰDzǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ
4. džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǩǩ (DZǤǨǩDZȀǶǩ ǺǬǯǬDZǨǴ
ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǽǩǶǮǬ Ǭ ǦǿǶǴǬǶǩ Ǭǹ DZǤǵǷǹDz.
5. džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz.
DZǤ DZǤdzǴǤǦǯȃȂǽǬǭ ǵǶǩǴǪǩDZȀ).
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ dzǴǬDzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ, ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǵǰDzǧǯǬ ǦǿǵDzǹDZǷǶȀ.
ʑ
ưǏǟǏǐǏǜ
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶǿǰ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ, ǻǶDzǥǿ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZ ǦǿǵDzǹ.
Ljǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ ǴǪǤǦǻǬDZǿ ǦDzǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ, DZǩ ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰ ǹǯDzǴǤ,
DZǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǰǬ ǧǷǥǮǤǰǬ.
ʑ
ǂǓǏǚǔǜǗǔ ǜǏǙǗǞǗ dž ǰǤǼǬDZǩ DZǩ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǯǩǪǤǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ!
ǓǴǬ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDzǭ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩ ǶǴǩǥǷǩǶǵȃ. dž dzǴDzǶǬǦDZDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǨǩǭǵǶǦDzǦǤǶȀ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ. ǕDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǬDzǥǴǩǵǶǬ
ǻǩǴǩǫ DZǤǼǷ ǵǶǴǤDZǬǺǷ Ǧ njDZǶǩǴDZǩǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ. a ǕǶǴ. 13
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ ǜǏ ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
§j ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ.
ǯ
ǏȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǭǫ-ǫǤ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǭ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǿ.
ǏȂǮ DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ Ǭǫ-ǫǤ ǦǿǵDzǮDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ. aǕǯǩǭǶǩ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ
aǓDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ, dzDzǮǤ ǶǩǰdzǩǴǤǶǷǴǤ DZǩǰDZDzǧDz ǵDZǬǫǬǶǵȃ.
ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ (džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ, DZǤdzǴ., /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ).
§: ³Å
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ dzDzǯDZDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ.
ǕDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ. ǕǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮDzǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ.
a ǕǶǴ. 11: njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ, ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟa Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
§: ³µ
ǑǤǵDzǵ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ.
a ǕǶǴ. 11: njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ, ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǜǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ/ǵǯǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǴǷǥǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǿ. a ǕǶǴ. 11: njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ,
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
§: ´
džDzǨǤ Ǧ dzDzǨǨDzDZǩ, ǰǤǼǬDZǤ DZǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZǤ. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ.
džǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ!
'
ljǵǯǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ. džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ. a ǕǶǴ. 5
ª
ǐǬǧǤǩǶ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǥDzǯȀǼDzǧDz ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ.
a ǕǶǴ. 12
ƳǟǢǒǗǔ Ǡǝ-
ǝǐǨǔǜǗǮ ǜǏ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ dzǴǬǥDzǴ, dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ 5 ǵǩǮǷDZǨ Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǩǧDz ǵDZDzǦǤ.
ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ
ljǵǯǬ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǵDZDzǦǤ, ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ. a ǕǶǴ. 13
10
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ!
ǁǔǤǝǐǠǚǢǕǗǑǏǜǗǔ
LjǤǭǶǩ DzǵǶǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǰǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǰǷ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǷ!
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ!
ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ
1. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ.
ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
2. ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ.
3. ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ Ǭ ǵǯǩǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ.
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǧ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȀ.
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz.
ǓǴǬǧDzǶDzǦȀǶǩ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǷȂ ǩǰǮDzǵǶȀ.
4. ǒǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz DzǶǦǬDZǶǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ (džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ! ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ).
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DZǤǵDzǵ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ, ǴǩǫȀǥǷ ǮǴǿǼǮǬ DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǭ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ DZǤǵDzǵǤ
(ǯDzdzǤǵǶDZDzǩ ǮDzǯǩǵDz DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǵǦDzǥDzǨDZDz
ǦǴǤǽǤǶȀǵȃ).
5. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǮǴǷǶǬǶǩ ǩǩ.
6. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ.
ǔǷǻǮǤ ǨDzǯǪDZǤ DZǤǹDzǨǬǶȀǵȃ Ǧ ǦǩǴǶǬǮǤǯȀDZDzǰ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ.
ǛǶDzǥǿ dzǴǩǨDzǶǦǴǤǶǬǶȀ ǦǿǶǩǮǤDZǬǩ Ǧ ǵǶDzǮ DZǩǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
NjǤǯǩǭǶǩ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ II 1 ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ.
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ:
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
1. ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǹDzǰǷǶ Ǩǯȃ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ, DzǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz ǵDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ.
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
2. ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǵǬǸDzDZDZǿǭ dzǤǶǴǷǥDzǮ.
(džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ! ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ.)
3. ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǵDZDzǦǤ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǰǩǵǶDz ǵDzǩǨǬDZǩDZǬȃ ǹDzǰǷǶDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ.
ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟa Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ!
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǷ ǫǤǽǬǶDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz «DŽǮǦǤ-ǵǶDzdz» (DzǵDZǤǽǩDZDz
1. NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ!
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǼǯǤDZǧǩ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ:
ȁǯǩǮǶǴǬǻǩǵǮǬǰ ǮǯǤdzǤDZDzǰ).
2. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǯȂǥǷȂ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ (ǮǴDzǰǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ/ /> ƽǡǕǗǛ/ǀǚǗǑ).
3. džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ). džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ DzǮ. 40 ǵǩǮǷDZǨ.
4. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ.. njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
5. ǒǶǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ DzǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZDzǧDz ǮǴǤDZǤ.
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ:
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮDzǭ ǽǩǶǮǬ.
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵDz ǵdzǬDZǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ,
Ǘ/ǗǚǗ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǕǶǤDZǨǤǴǶ Ǭ Aqua-Secure.
Ǭ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǩǧDz.
ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ dzǯDzǵǮDzǧǷǥǺǩǦ
6. ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǭ dzǴDzǦǩǴȀǶǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZDzǵǶȀ.
11
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ ǔǠǚǗ
ʑ
džǿǶǩǮǤǩǶ ǦDzǨǤ NjǤǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDz ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
NjǤǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǨDz DzǶǮǤǫǤ ǦǬDZǶDzǦDzǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬǩ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ʑ
džDzǨǤ DZǩ ǫǤǯǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ
ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
Ǒǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
DZǩ ǫǤǰǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
džDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ a ǕǶǴ
ǐDzǪǩǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǵDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ʑ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ ǸǷDZǮǺǬȃ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ ǓǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
a ǕǶǴ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ
a ǕǶǴ
ǐDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz dzǷǶǩǰ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ
a ǕǶǴ
ʑ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǩ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤǩǶǵȃ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ ǬǯǬ ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ
NjǤǮǴǿǶ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ʑ
ǐDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
DZǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ
a ǕǶǴ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ
ǓDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤȂǽǬǭ DZǤǵDzǵ aǕǶǴ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZǷȂ ǶǴǷǥǷ Ǭ ǬǯǬ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
ʑ
dž ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ DZǩ ǦǬǨDZDz
ǦDzǨǿ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦDzǨǤ DZǬǪǩ ǦǬǨǬǰDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ʑ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǿ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
DZǩǷǨDzǦǯǩǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǿ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǴǩǴǦǤǯǤ DzǶǪǬǰ
ǦǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬǩ DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǦǯǤǪDZDzǩ
ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǮǴDzǩ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ
ǐǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ Ǭ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ ǦǩǽǬ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǬǶǩ ǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDz
Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ
džǿǥǴǤDZǤ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ a ǕǶǴ
ʑ
ǓǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǰǩDZȃǩǶǵȃ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzǴǬǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǩ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǺǬǮǯǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǵ dzǴDzǺǩǵǵDzǰ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǡǶDz ǰDzǪǩǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬȃǰ
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ
ʑ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz DZǤǻǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǸǤǫǤ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ʑ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǩ
0 Ǩǯȃ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ Ǒǩ ǦǯǬȃǩǶ DZǤ ȁǸǸǩǮǶǬǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzDzǰDzǭǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ a ǕǶǴ
ʑ
NjǤdzǤǹ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ
ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
njǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩ ǷDZǬǦǩǴǵǤǯȀDZDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ʑ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ª
ǰǬǧǤǩǶ njǫ ǮȂǦǩǶǿ Ǩǯȃ
NjǤǧǴǷǪǩDZDz ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǰDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǰDzǪǩǶ
ǕǰǩǼǤǭǶǩ ǵǶ ǯ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ǵ ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǯǩǭǶǩ
ǦǿǵǶǷdzǤǶȀ dzǩDZǤ
ǪǬǨǮDzǵǶȀ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ ǑǩǯȀǫȃ dzǴǬǰǩDZȃǶȀ Ǩǯȃ ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǤǯȀDZDzǭ
DzǨǩǪǨǿ Ǩǯȃ ǤǮǶǬǦDZDzǧDz DzǶǨǿǹǤ ǵdzDzǴǶǤ Ǭ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ
ǵ dzǷǹDzǰ
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨDzǫǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ʑ
ǜǷǰǿ ǦǬǥǴǤǺǬǬ Ǭ
dzǩǴǩǰǩǽǩDZǬǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
NjǤǸǬǮǵǬǴDzǦǤDZǿ ǯǬ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
ǓǴǬǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ Ǯ dzDzǯǷ a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǕDZȃǶǿ ǯǬ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ʑ
LjǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǯǤǰdzDzǻǮǬ
ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ DZǩ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǯDzǵȀ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz
ǓǩǴǩǥDzǭ Ǧ dzDzǨǤǻǩ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ
ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǬǴǷȂǶ
džǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀ
dž ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǦǶDzǴDZDzǧDz ǦDzǫDZǬǮDZDzǦǩDZǬȃ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ
ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
ʑ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ ǨǯǬǶǵȃ
ǨDzǯȀǼǩ ǻǩǰ DzǥǿǻDZDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǫǤDZDzǦDz
ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯȃȃ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ džǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǵǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ dzǩDZDzDzǥǴǤǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ
džǮǯȂǻǤȂǶǵȃ ǨDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ ǺǬǮǯǿ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ ǔǠǚǗ
ʑ
ʑ
ʑ
ʑ
ǀǔǟǑǗǠǜǏǮ ǠǚǢǕǐǏ
njǙǠǡǟǔǜǜǏǮ ǟǏǖǐǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ DZǤdzǴ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzǩǴǩǥDzȃ Ǧ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬǬ
ʑ
ǓDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ ǵDzDzǥǽǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǩ DZDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ Ǭ ǫǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
Ǧ ǵdzǬǵǮǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǿǹ ǵǯǷǪǥ Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ǕǯǩǭǶǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ a ǕǶǴ
ǑDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ NjǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǩ ǴǩǼǩDZǬǩ ǻǶDzǥǿ ǬǫǥǩǪǤǶȀ DZǩDZǷǪDZDzǧDz ǦǿǫDzǦǤ ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤ
ƳǝǑǔǟǫǡǔǠǫ ǙǝǛǞǔǡǔǜǡǜǝǠǡǗ ǗǖǒǝǡǝǑǗǡǔǚǮ ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǯ DZǤǰ
a ǕǶǴ ǶDzǧǨǤ DzǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ dzDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ Ǧ DZǤǼǷ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ ǐǿ ǦǵǩǧǨǤ DZǤǭǨǩǰ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ ǩǵǯǬ
ǡǶDz ǧǤǴǤDZǶǬǴǷǩǶ džǤǰ ǮǦǤǯǬǸǬǺǬǴDzǦǤDZDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZDZǿǭ ǴǩǰDzDZǶ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤǰǬ dzDz
ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǷ Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ
Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ DzǶdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ
ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǰǩDZǶǤ
ǎDzDZǶǤǮǶDZǿǩ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ ǴǤǵdzDzǯDzǪǩDZDZDzǭ dzDzǥǯǬǫDzǵǶǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǿ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǫǨǩǵȀ ǬǯǬ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ ǓDzǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǫ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǩǶǵȃ ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǦDzǫDzǥDZDzǦǬǶǵȃ dzDzǨǤǻǤ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ljǵǯǬ Ǧǵǩ ǶǤǮǬ
ǕǯǩǨǿ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǦǿǮǯ ǦǮǯ ǬǯǬ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǤ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǦǿǧǴǷǫǬǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǶDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǬǰ DzǥǴǤǫDzǰ
dž ȁǶDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ dzDzǮǤ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǿDZǷǶ
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǩǵǯǬ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǬǨDZǤ ǵǮǦDzǫȀ ǵǶǩǮǯDz
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ
DzǴǬǧǬDZǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶǩǭ
ǕǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǬǰǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ
Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ Ǭ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǽǩǶǮDzǭ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ ǬǯǬ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
DZǩ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴȃȂǽǬǩǵȃ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǦǩǽǩǵǶǦǤ
njDZDzǧǨǤ Ǧ ǵDzǵǶǤǦ ǥǩǫǸDzǵǸǤǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǦǹDzǨȃǶ
ǯȂǮǤ Ǧ DzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǮǴǿǼǮǩ ǺDzǮDzǯȃ Ǩǯȃ
DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ DZǤ ǵdzǬDZǮǩ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǡǶǬ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
LjǤǭǶǩ DzǵǶǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǰǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǰǷ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǷ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ
ǂǤǝǓ džǗǠǡǙǏ
ƱǏǕǜǪǔ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ƱǖǟǪǑǝǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ Ǒǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȃǰǬ
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ Ǟǝ ǡǔǤǜǗǙǔ ǐǔǖǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǗ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ǁǔǤǝǐǠǚǢǕǗǑǏǜǗǔ
ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǓǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǪǤȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ǦǵȂ dzǴǬǯǤǧǤǩǰǷȂ Ǯ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬDzDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤDZǬȃ
ʑ
ƹǝǟǞǢǠ ǛǏǧǗǜǪ ǞǏǜǔǚǫ ǢǞǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ǣǻǩǭǮǷ ǫǤdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz DZǩǰǩǨǯǩDZDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
ǓǴDzǶǴǬǶǩ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦǯǤǪDZDzǭ ǶǮǤDZȀȂ
Ǭ ǨǩǭǵǶǦǷǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ dzǴǬǦǩǨǩDZDZǿǰǬ ǶǤǰ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ dzDzǨ ǵǶǴǷǩǭ ǦDzǨǿ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǤǩǶǵȃ
ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ƹǭǑǔǡǢ ǓǚǮ ǛǝǭǨǗǤ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑ ǜǔǝǐǤǝǓǗǛǝ ǞǝǦǗǠǡǗǡǫ
ǰDzȂǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǩǯȃ ǯǩǧǮDzǭ
dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz ǯǬǶǴDzǰ ǦDzǨǿ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǥǷǨǷǽǩǰ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ
ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǫǤ dzǴDzǦDzǨ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǫǤ ǧDzǯDzǦǮǷ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǦǬǯǮǬ
Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǤǯǬǻǬȃ DzǵǶǤǶǮDzǦ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǬǯǬ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz
ǜǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǦǵǶǤǦǯȃǶȀ Ǧ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǷ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǤǶȀ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǭ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵDz ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶǬ ǦDzǨǿ
džǿǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ ǨDz ǷdzDzǴǤ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǦDZǬǫ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝ ǓǚǮ ǕǗǖǜǗ Ljǯȃ ǦǿǥǿǦǼǬǹ Ǭǫ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ
DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ
ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ
ǓDzǵǯǩ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ Ǧ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ Â ƱǪǙǚ
ưǔǟǔǕǜǝǔ ǝǡǜǝǧǔǜǗǔ Ǚ ǐǔǚǫǭ Ǘ ǛǏǧǗǜǔ
ǕǯDzǰǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǰDzǮ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz ǯȂǮǤ LjǩǶǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǫǤǮǴǿǶȀǵȃ Ǧ dzǴǬǥDzǴǩ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ dzǤǯȀǺǩǰ DZǤ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǵDZǬǫǷ ǦǦǩǴǹ
Ǭǫ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǓǴǬ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ Ǧǵǩǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ
ǓǩǴǩǴǩǪȀǶǩ ǵǩǶǩǦDzǭ ǮǤǥǩǯȀ Ǭ ǦǿǥǴDzǵȀǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ ǵDz ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǦǬǯǮDzǭ
ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
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ǥDzǶ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ dzDzǧǴǷǪǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǷ ǫǤǽǬǶDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz DŽǮǦǤ ǵǶDzdz DzǵDZǤǽǩDZDz
ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
§ ³Å
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ dzDzǯDZDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǓDzǨǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǦDz Ǧǵǩǹ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤǹ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟ Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ~ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǼǯǤDZǧǩ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ȁǯǩǮǶǴǬǻǩǵǮǬǰ ǮǯǤdzǤDZDzǰ
ǕDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ ǕǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮDzǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ
ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǤ NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ Ǩǯȃ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǯȂǥǷȂ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǮǴDzǰǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ DzǮ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ
ƹǟǏǧǔǜǗǔ ƽǐǔǠǥǑǔǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ
ǑǤǵDzǵ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ : Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
§ ³µ
ǜǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ ǵǯǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǴǷǥǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǿ a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ
ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰȇ ǰ DzdzǨǹǹǰǼǰDzǨǾǰǰ ȅǵǭǸǫǶǷǶǺǸǭǩdzǭǵǰȇ ǹǶǫdz njǰǸǭDzǺǰǪȃ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǶǫdz Ǫ ǨDzǺǻǨdzȄǵǶDZ Ǫ ǵǨǹǺǶȇȁǭǭ ǪǸǭǴȇ ǪǭǸǹǰǰ
ǛDzǨǯǨǵǰǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǸǨǪǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ njdzȇ ǷǸǶǪǭǬǭǵǰȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǪȃǷǶdzǵȇǭǺǹȇ Ǫ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ
ǒǮǴǤǼǬǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǬǫǦDzǨǬǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz Ǧ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǩ DzǥǿǻDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǹ ǷǵǯDzǦǬǭ
a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨǽ ǹ ǻDzǨǯǨǵǵǶDZ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǶDZ ǰ ǴǨDzǹǰǴǨdzȄǵȃǴ ǿǰǹdzǶǴ ǶǩǶǸǶǺǶǪ
ǮǴǤǵȃǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ƽǔ DzǥǩǵǺǦǩǻǬǦǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǕDzǯȀ ǰDzǪǩǶ ǴǤǫǴǷǼǤǶȀ DZǩǴǪǤǦǩȂǽǷȂ ǵǶǤǯȀ ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ dzǴǩǨdzǬǵǤDZǬȃ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǶDzǸǻǮǨȆȁǭDZ ǹǸǭǬȃ ǺǰǷǨ DzǶdzǰǿǭǹǺǪǨ ǰ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶȆȁǭǫǶ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǨ DzǶdzǭǩǨǵǰDZ
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ
§ ´
ǏǵǨǿǭǵǰȇ ǶǺdzǰǿǨȆǺǹȇ Ǫ ǯǨǪǰǹǰǴǶǹǺǰ ǶǺ ǬǨǪdzǭǵǰȇ ǪǶǬȃ ǮǭǹǺDzǶǹǺǰ ǪǶǬȃ ǰ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǷǶǹǺǻǷǨȆȁǭDZ ǪǶǬȃ Ǩ ǺǨDzǮǭ
Ǘ ǗǚǗ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǕǶǤDZǨǤǴǶ Ǭ
'
ǵǨǷǸȇǮǭǵǰȇ Ǫ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶǹǭǺǰ ǰ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵȃǽ ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǼǻǵDzǾǰDZ ǶǺ ǷǸǰǪǭǬǭǵǵȃǽ ǯǵǨǿǭǵǰDZ
džǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
džDzǨǤ Ǧ dzDzǨǨDzDZǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ DZǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZǤ NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ljǵǯǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ a ǕǶǴ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮDzǭ ǽǩǶǮǬ
ǒǶǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ DzǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZDzǧDz ǮǴǤDZǤ
ª
ǐǬǧǤǩǶ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǥDzǯȀǼDzǧDz ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
a ǕǶǴ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵDz ǵdzǬDZǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ dzǯDzǵǮDzǧǷǥǺǩǦ
Ǭ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǩǧDz
ljǵǯǬ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǵDZDzǦǤ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ a ǕǶǴ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ dzǴǬǥDzǴ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǩǧDz ǵDZDzǦǤ
ƳǟǢǒǗǔ Ǡǝ
ǝǐǨǔǜǗǮ ǜǏ
ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ
ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǭ dzǴDzǦǩǴȀǶǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZDzǵǶȀ
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ, ǔǠǚǗ ...
ʑ
džǿǶǩǮǤǩǶ ǦDzǨǤ. NjǤǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ/džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDz ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ.
NjǤǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǨDz DzǶǮǤǫǤ ǦǬDZǶDzǦDzǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬǩ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ.
ʑ
džDzǨǤ DZǩ ǫǤǯǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
Ǒǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZ $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ)?
DZǩ ǫǤǰǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǐDzǪǩǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǵDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ?
džDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ? ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ a ǕǶǴ. 11
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ?
ʑ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ ǸǷDZǮǺǬȃ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ. ǓǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ?
džǿǥǴǤDZDz - - - - (Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ)?
a ǕǶǴ. 4
ǐDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz dzǷǶǩǰ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ?
a ǕǶǴ. 3, 4
a ǕǶǴ. 13
ʑ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤǩǶǵȃ.
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǩ
NjǤǮǴǿǶ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ?
džǿǥǴǤDZDz $ (ǀǡǏǟǡ/ǓǤǷǫǤ) ǬǯǬ (ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ)?
ʑ
ǐDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
DZǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ.
džǿǥǴǤDZDz - - - - (Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ = ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ)?
ǓDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤȂǽǬǭ DZǤǵDzǵ. aǕǶǴ. 11
a ǕǶǴ. 3,4
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZǷȂ ǶǴǷǥǷ Ǭ/ǬǯǬ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ.
ʑ
dž ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ DZǩ ǦǬǨDZDz
ǦDzǨǿ.
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦDzǨǤ DZǬǪǩ ǦǬǨǬǰDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ.
ʑ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǿ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
DZǩǷǨDzǦǯǩǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǿ,
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǴǩǴǦǤǯǤ DzǶǪǬǰ
ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǮǴDzǩ/ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ
ǦǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬǩ DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
ǦǯǤǪDZDzǩ.
ǐǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ Ǭ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ ǦǩǽǬ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǬǶǩ ǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDz
džǿǥǴǤDZǤ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮǤȃ ǵǮDzǴDzǵǶȀ DzǶǪǬǰǤ? a ǕǶǴ. 5
Ǧ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ.
ʑ
dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǰǩDZȃǩǶǵȃ
ǓǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶȀ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ dzǴǬǦDzǨǬǶǵȃ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǩ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǺǬǮǯǤ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ DZǤ ǨǬǵdzǯǩǩ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ.
ǵ dzǴDzǺǩǵǵDzǰ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ. ǡǶDz ǰDzǪǩǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬȃǰ
ʑ
ǖDzǯȀǮDz DZǤǻǤǯȀDZǤȃ ǸǤǫǤ
DzǶǪǬǰǤ.
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
ʑ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǩ
0 Ǩǯȃ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ.
ǓǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzDzǰDzǭǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ. a ǕǶǴ. 10
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ Ǒǩ ǦǯǬȃǩǶ DZǤ ȁǸǸǩǮǶǬǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴǤ.
ʑ
ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
NjǤdzǤǹ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ
džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ 90 °C ǥǩǫ ǥǩǯȀȃ.
njǵdzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩ ǷDZǬǦǩǴǵǤǯȀDZDzǩ ǰDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz.
ʑ
njDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ ǵǶǤǶǷǵǤ ª
ǰǬǧǤǩǶ. njǫ ǮȂǦǩǶǿ Ǩǯȃ
NjǤǧǴǷǪǩDZDz ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǰDZDzǧDz ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ?
ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǰDzǪǩǶ
ǦǿǵǶǷdzǤǶȀ dzǩDZǤ.
ǪǬǨǮDzǵǶȀ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ II. (ǑǩǯȀǫȃ dzǴǬǰǩDZȃǶȀ Ǩǯȃ ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǤǯȀDZDzǭ
ǕǰǩǼǤǭǶǩ 1 ǵǶ. ǯ. ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ǵ ½ ǯ ǦDzǨǿ Ǭ ǫǤǯǩǭǶǩ
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨDzǫǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ.
ǵ dzǷǹDzǰ!)
DzǨǩǪǨǿ Ǩǯȃ ǤǮǶǬǦDZDzǧDz DzǶǨǿǹǤ, ǵdzDzǴǶǤ Ǭ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ
ʑ
ǜǷǰǿ, ǦǬǥǴǤǺǬǬ Ǭ
dzǩǴǩǰǩǽǩDZǬǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
NjǤǸǬǮǵǬǴDzǦǤDZǿ ǯǬ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ?
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ DzǶǪǬǰǤ.
ǕDZȃǶǿ ǯǬ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ?
ǓǴǬǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ Ǯ dzDzǯǷ. a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ.
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ʑ
ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ DZǩ
LjǬǵdzǯǩǭ/ǯǤǰdzDzǻǮǬ
ǓǩǴǩǥDzǭ Ǧ dzDzǨǤǻǩ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ?
ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǬǴǷȂǶ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǯDzǵȀ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz?
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ
dž ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǦǶDzǴDZDzǧDz ǦDzǫDZǬǮDZDzǦǩDZǬȃ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶǬ, ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ
džǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀ.
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ.
ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ.
ʑ
ǨDzǯȀǼǩ, ǻǩǰ DzǥǿǻDZDz.
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ ǨǯǬǶǵȃ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ, ǫǤDZDzǦDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ džǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǵǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ dzǩDZDzDzǥǴǤǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ
ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯȃȃ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ.
džǮǯȂǻǤȂǶǵȃ ǨDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ ǺǬǮǯǿ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ.
12
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ, ǔǠǚǗ ...
ʑ
ǕǯǩǨǿ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ.
njDZDzǧǨǤ Ǧ ǵDzǵǶǤǦ ǥǩǫǸDzǵǸǤǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǦǹDzǨȃǶ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ ǬǯǬ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
DZǩ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴȃȂǽǬǩǵȃ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǦǩǽǩǵǶǦǤ.
ǽǩǶǮDzǭ.
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ (ǦǿǮǯ./ǦǮǯ.) ǬǯǬ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǤ:
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ Ǭ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ.
Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
njǙǠǡǟǔǜǜǏǮ ǟǏǖǐǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ, DZǤdzǴ., Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzǩǴǩǥDzȃ Ǧ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬǬ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǩǶǵȃ, ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǦDzǫDzǥDZDzǦǬǶǵȃ dzDzǨǤǻǤ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ. ljǵǯǬ Ǧǵǩ-ǶǤǮǬ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǦǿǧǴǷǫǬǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ, ǶDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǬǰ DzǥǴǤǫDzǰ:
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ!
ǕǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǬǰǬ.
dž ȁǶDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ, dzDzǮǤ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǿDZǷǶ
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ, ǩǵǯǬ ǦDzǨǤ ǦǬǨDZǤ ǵǮǦDzǫȀ ǵǶǩǮǯDz.
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ.
1. ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ., ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
2. ǕǯǩǭǶǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ. a ǕǶǴ. 11
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ.
3. ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ. ǓDzǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǦDZǬǫ
ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǰǩDZǶǤ
Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ DzǶdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ. ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ.
ǀǔǟǑǗǠǜǏǮ ǠǚǢǕǐǏ
ʑ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ (ǛǶDz ǨǩǯǤǶȀ, ǩǵǯǬ ...,
a ǕǶǴ. 12, 13), ǶDzǧǨǤ DzǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ, dzDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ, Ǧ DZǤǼǷ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ. ǐǿ ǦǵǩǧǨǤ DZǤǭǨǩǰ
ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǩǩ ǴǩǼǩDZǬǩ, ǻǶDzǥǿ ǬǫǥǩǪǤǶȀ DZǩDZǷǪDZDzǧDz ǦǿǫDzǦǤ ǶǩǹDZǬǻǩǵǮDzǧDz ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤ.
ʑ
Ǧ ǵdzǬǵǮǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǿǹ ǵǯǷǪǥ (Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ).
ǎDzDZǶǤǮǶDZǿǩ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ ǴǤǵdzDzǯDzǪǩDZDZDzǭ dzDzǥǯǬǫDzǵǶǬ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǿ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǫǨǩǵȀ ǬǯǬ
ʑ
ǓDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ, ǵDzDzǥǽǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǩ DZDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ (E-Nr.) Ǭ ǫǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ (FD)
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ.
ǡǶǬ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ: ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǯȂǮǤ */Ǧ DzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǮǴǿǼǮǩ ǺDzǮDzǯȃ Ǩǯȃ
DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ * Ǭ DZǤ ǵdzǬDZǮǩ
ǑDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ NjǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ.
* Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ʑ
ǡǶDz ǧǤǴǤDZǶǬǴǷǩǶ džǤǰ ǮǦǤǯǬǸǬǺǬǴDzǦǤDZDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZDZǿǭ ǴǩǰDzDZǶ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤǰǬ dzDz
ƳǝǑǔǟǫǡǔǠǫ ǙǝǛǞǔǡǔǜǡǜǝǠǡǗ ǗǖǒǝǡǝǑǗǡǔǚǮ. ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǯ DZǤǰ.
DzǴǬǧǬDZǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶǩǭ.
ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ, DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ, ǴǩǰDzDZǶǷ Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ
13
ǂǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ Ǟǝ ǡǔǤǜǗǙǔ ǐǔǖǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǗ
ǂǤǝǓ džǗǠǡǙǏ
ƱǏǕǜǪǔ ǢǙǏǖǏǜǗǮ
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ ǔǠǚǗ
ǁǔǤǝǐǠǚǢǕǗǑǏǜǗǔ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
LjǤǭǶǩ DzǵǶǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǩǰǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǰǷ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǷ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ
ƱǖǟǪǑǝǝǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ Ǒǩ dzDzǯȀǫǷǭǶǩǵȀ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȃǰǬ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
džǡǝ ǓǔǚǏǡǫ ǔǠǚǗ
ʑ
ǕǯǩǨǿ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz
Ǭ ǨǩǭǵǶǦǷǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ dzǴǬǦǩǨǩDZDZǿǰǬ ǶǤǰ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ
ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ
njDZDzǧǨǤ Ǧ ǵDzǵǶǤǦ ǥǩǫǸDzǵǸǤǶDZǿǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ ǦǹDzǨȃǶ
DZǩ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴȃȂǽǬǩǵȃ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ ǦǩǽǩǵǶǦǤ
ƹǝǟǞǢǠ ǛǏǧǗǜǪ ǞǏǜǔǚǫ ǢǞǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ ǬǯǬ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ dzDzǵǯǩ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
Ǒǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǪǤȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ƾǔǟǔǓ ǞǔǟǑǝǘ ǠǡǗǟǙǝǘ
NjǤǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǨDz DzǶǮǤǫǤ ǦǬDZǶDzǦDzǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬǩ ǼǯǤDZǧǤ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
džǿǶǩǮǤǩǶ ǦDzǨǤ NjǤǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ dzǴǤǦǬǯȀDZDz ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
ʑ
ǦǵȂ dzǴǬǯǤǧǤǩǰǷȂ Ǯ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ ǬDZǸDzǴǰǤǺǬDzDZDZDzǧDz ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤDZǬȃ
ǓǴDzǻǬǶǤǭǶǩ ǦDZǬǰǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ dzDz ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǬDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȂ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ Ǥ ǶǤǮǪǩ
ʑ
džDzǨǤ DZǩ ǫǤǯǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ
ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ
ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǨDzǮǷǰǩDZǶǤǺǬȂ Ǩǯȃ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ Ǧ ǥǷǨǷǽǩǰ
ǣǻǩǭǮǷ ǫǤdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ
ǽǩǶǮDzǭ
ǐDzȂǽǩǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDz
Ǒǩ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǓǴDzǶǴǬǶǩ ǰȃǧǮDzǭ ǦǯǤǪDZDzǭ ǶǮǤDZȀȂ
ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz DZǩǰǩǨǯǩDZDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
ʑ
DZǩ ǫǤǰǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
ǰDzȂǽǬǰ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦDzǰ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǤ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǩǯȃ ǯǩǧǮDzǭ
dzǴǬǰǩǴDZDz ǯǬǶǴDzǰ ǦDzǨǿ
ǵǶǩdzǩDZǬ ǫǤǧǴȃǫDZǩDZǬȃ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǭ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵDz ǵǶǩdzǩDZȀȂ ǪǩǵǶǮDzǵǶǬ ǦDzǨǿ
džDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ a ǕǶǴ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ dzDzǨ ǵǶǴǷǩǭ ǦDzǨǿ ǫǤdzǴǩǽǤǩǶǵȃ
Ǒǩ DzǶǮǴǿǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ƹǭǑǔǡǢ ǓǚǮ ǛǝǭǨǗǤ ǠǟǔǓǠǡǑ ǜǔǝǐǤǝǓǗǛǝ ǞǝǦǗǠǡǗǡǫ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ LF DŽǚǝǞǝǙ džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȃ
Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǤǯǬǻǬȃ DzǵǶǤǶǮDzǦ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ ǬǯǬ ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz
ǐDzǪǩǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǵDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǤ
ljǵǯǬ džǿ DZǩ ǵǰDzǪǩǶǩ ǵǤǰDzǵǶDzȃǶǩǯȀDZDz ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶȀ ǦǿǮǯ ǦǮǯ ǬǯǬ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ
ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǵǷǹǬǰǬ ǴǷǮǤǰǬ
ǜǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ ǰDzǪDZDz ǦǵǶǤǦǯȃǶȀ Ǧ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǷ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǤǶȀ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ǦǬǯǮǬ
ǑǬ Ǧ ǮDzǩǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ DZǩ ǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǫǤ dzǴDzǦDzǨ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǫǤ ǧDzǯDzǦǮǷ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ
ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ
DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ
Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝ ǓǚǮ ǕǗǖǜǗ Ljǯȃ ǦǿǥǿǦǼǬǹ Ǭǫ ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ dzǴǬǥDzǴDzǦ
ǓDzǵǯǩ DzǮDzDZǻǤDZǬȃ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ Ǧ dzDzǯDzǪǩDZǬǬ Â ƱǪǙǚ
NjǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
DZǩ DzǶǮǴǿǦǤǩǶǵȃ
DŽǮǶǬǦǬǴDzǦǤDZǤ ǸǷDZǮǺǬȃ ǥǩǫDzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ ǓǴǩǴǿǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǿ
a ǕǶǴ
ưǔǟǔǕǜǝǔ ǝǡǜǝǧǔǜǗǔ Ǚ ǐǔǚǫǭ Ǘ ǛǏǧǗǜǔ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ Ǭ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
ʑ
ǓǴǬ ǨDzǫǬǴDzǦǮǩ Ǧǵǩǹ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǥǿǶDzǦǿǹ Ǭ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DzǥȃǫǤǶǩǯȀDZDz ǵDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ
ǓǩǴǩǴǩǪȀǶǩ ǵǩǶǩǦDzǭ ǮǤǥǩǯȀ Ǭ ǦǿǥǴDzǵȀǶǩ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ ǵDz ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZDzǭ ǦǬǯǮDzǭ
ǕǯDzǰǤǭǶǩ ǫǤǰDzǮ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz ǯȂǮǤ LjǩǶǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǫǤǮǴǿǶȀǵȃ Ǧ dzǴǬǥDzǴǩ
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
džǿǶȃDZǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ ǨDz ǷdzDzǴǤ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǦDZǬǫ Ǭ ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ
a ǕǶǴ
džǤDZDZDzǻǮǷ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ Ǭ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ dzǴDzǰDzǭǶǩ Ǧ ǦDzǨǩ
Ǭ dzDzǨǦǩǴǧDZǷǶȀ ǵǦDzȂ ǪǬǫDZȀ DzdzǤǵDZDzǵǶǬ
ǐDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz dzǷǶǩǰ ȁǮǵǶǴǩDZDZDzǭ ǴǤǫǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǬ
a ǕǶǴ
ǴǩǮDzǰǩDZǨǤǺǬǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤǪǰǬǶǩ dzǤǯȀǺǩǰ DZǤ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ ǵDZǬǫǷ ǦǦǩǴǹ
Ǭǫ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǦǵȄ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ
DZǤ DZǤdzǴǤǦǯȃȂǽǬǭ ǵǶǩǴǪǩDZȀ
ǓǴǬǧDzǶDzǦȀǶǩ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǷȂ ǩǰǮDzǵǶȀ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǢǓǢǧǫǮ Ǒǩ dzDzǫǦDzǯȃǭǶǩ ǨǩǶȃǰ ǬǧǴǤǶȀ ǵ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮDzǭ dzǯǩDZǮDzǭ Ǭ ǻǤǵǶȃǰǬ ǷdzǤǮDzǦǮǬ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ Ǭ ǵǯǩǭǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
ǝǡǟǏǑǚǔǜǗǮ
ǙǴǤDZǬǶǩ ǰDzȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǭ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯȀDZDzǭ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǮǬ ǥǩǯȀȃ
Ǧ DZǩǨDzǵǶǷdzDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨǩǶǩǭ ǰǩǵǶǩ
ǫǤdzǷǵǮǤǩǶǵȃ
ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǽǩǶǮǬ Ǭ ǦǿǶǴǬǶǩ Ǭǹ DZǤǵǷǹDz
ǵǮǴǩdzDzǮ Ǭ Ƕ dz
ʑ
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǦǵǶǤǦǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz Ǭ ǫǤǸǬǮǵǬǴǷǭǶǩ ǩǩ DZǤǨǩDZȀǶǩ ǺǬǯǬDZǨǴ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ ǬǯǬ ƹǝǜǔǥ Ǧǔǟǔǖ
NjǤǮǴǿǶ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ
ǓǴDzǵǯǩǨǬǶǩ Ǧ DzǵDzǥǩDZDZDzǵǶǬ ǻǶDzǥǿ Ǧ ǮǤǴǰǤDZǤǹ DZǩ DzǵǶǤǦǤǯDzǵȀ ǰǩǶǤǯǯǬǻǩǵǮǬǹ dzǴǩǨǰǩǶDzǦ
njǙǠǡǟǔǜǜǏǮ ǟǏǖǐǚǝǙǗǟǝǑǙǏ DZǤdzǴ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzǩǴǩǥDzȃ Ǧ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzǵDZǤǥǪǩDZǬǬ
ǐDzȂǽǬǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ
džǿǥǴǤDZDz Džǩǫ DzǶǪǬǰǤ ǥǩǫ DzǮDzDZǻǤǶǩǯȀDZDzǧDz DzǶǪǬǰǤ
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz
džǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZDzǭ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǧ ǨǩǴǪǤǶǩǯȀ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ ǫǤǮǴǿǦǤȂǽǷȂ dzǴDzǥǮǷ DZǤ ǰǩǵǶDz
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ DZǩ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǵǶǬǴǤǭǶǩ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ ǻǷǯǮǬ ǧǤǴǨǬDZǿ ǥȂǵǶǧǤǯȀǶǩǴǤ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǫǤǰǮǬ ǰDzǯDZǬǬ ǫǤǵǶǩǧDZǬǶǩ dzǷǧDzǦǬǺǿ DZǤ ǥǩǯȀǩ
DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz ǦǿǧǴǷǫǬǶȀ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǶDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ ǰDzǪDZDz DzǶǮǴǿǶȀ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǬǰ DzǥǴǤǫDzǰ
ǖǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DzǥǴǤǥDzǶǤDZDZǿǩ ǻǬǵǶȃǽǬǰǬ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤǰǬ
ʑ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ
DZǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤǩǶǵȃ
a ǕǶǴ
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ dzǴDzǨDzǯǪǤǩǶǵȃ ǮǤǮ ǶDzǯȀǮDz ǦDzǫDzǥDZDzǦǬǶǵȃ dzDzǨǤǻǤ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ ljǵǯǬ Ǧǵǩ ǶǤǮǬ
ǓDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DzǶǮǤǻǬǦǤȂǽǬǭ DZǤǵDzǵ aǕǶǴ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǵǯǬǦDZǷȂ ǶǴǷǥǷ Ǭ ǬǯǬ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ
džǿǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǽǩǶǮDzǭ dzǩǵDzǮ Ǭǫ ǮǤǴǰǤDZDzǦ Ǭ DzǶǦDzǴDzǶDzǦ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ DZǤǵDzǵ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǴǩǫȀǥǷ ǮǴǿǼǮǬ DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǭ ǮDzǴdzǷǵ DZǤǵDzǵǤ
dž ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǩ DZǩ ǦǬǨDZDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǦDzǨǤ DZǬǪǩ ǦǬǨǬǰDzǧDz ǷǴDzǦDZȃ
ǕǶǬǴǤǯȀDZǿǭ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǧǷǶ ǥǿǶȀ ǧDzǴȃǻǬǰǬ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǝǧǞǏǟǗǑǏǜǗǮ
ǵǰDzǧǯǬ ǦǿǵDzǹDZǷǶȀ
ǒǵǶǤǦȀǶǩ ǮȂǦǩǶǷ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzȂǽǬǹ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦ dzǴǬDzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǻǶDzǥǿ DzǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǒǵǶDzǴDzǪDZDz DzǶǦǬDZǶǬǶǩ ǮǴǿǼǮǷ DZǤǵDzǵǤ džDZǬǰǤDZǬǩ ǒǵǶǤǶǮǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǥǩDZǫǬDZ Ǩǯȃ ǻǬǵǶǮǬ ǰDzǧǷǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǦǫǴǿǦǷ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǵDzǨǩǴǪǤǽǬǰǬ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯǬ DZǤdzǴ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǦǿǦǩǨǩDZǬȃ dzȃǶǩDZ
Ǒ ǟǔǖǢǚǫǡǏǡǔ ǑǖǟǪǑǏ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǮǴȂǻǮǬ ǵDz ǼǶDzǴ ǬǯǬ ǵǦȃǪǬǶǩ Ǭǹ Ǧ ǵǩǶǮǩ ǰǩǼDzǻǮǩ
dzǴDzdzDzǯDzǵDZǷǶȀ ǦǴǷǻDZǷȂ
dž ȁǶDzǰ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ dzDzǮǤ ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴ Ǭ ǥǩǯȀǩ DzǵǶǿDZǷǶ
ʑ
ǦDzǨǿ
ƶǏǒǟǢǖǙǏ ǐǔǚǫǮ
ǖǤǮǬǩ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDz dzǴǩǨǦǤǴǬǶǩǯȀDZDz ǶǽǤǶǩǯȀDZDz
ǦǴǤǽǤǶȀǵȃ
ǯDzdzǤǵǶDZDzǩ ǮDzǯǩǵDz DZǤǵDzǵǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǨDzǯǪDZDz ǵǦDzǥDzǨDZDz
ǕǶǤǴǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǵǶǬǴǤǶȀ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ Ǭ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ ǬǫǨǩǯǬȃ ǦǰǩǵǶǩ
ưǏǟǏǐǏǜ
ʑ
ưǔǚǫǔ ǟǏǖǚǗǦǜǝǘ ǠǡǔǞǔǜǗ ǖǏǒǟǮǖǜǔǜǜǝǠǡǗ
ǐǤǯǩDZȀǮǬǩ Ǭ ǥDzǯȀǼǬǩ ǦǩǽǬ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǬǶǩ ǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDz
ǦǵǯǩǨǵǶǦǬǩ DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
Ǒǩ ǮǤǵǤǭǶǩǵȀ ǦǴǤǽǤȂǽǩǧDzǵȃ ǥǤǴǤǥǤDZǤ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǴǩǴǦǤǯǤ DzǶǪǬǰ
ǴǩǫǷǯȀǶǤǶǿ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
ǥǩǯȀǩ ǰDzǮǴDzǩ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ
ʑ
DZǩǷǨDzǦǯǩǶǦDzǴǬǶǩǯȀDZǿ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǚǢǦǔǜǗǮ
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Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ ǕDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǷȂǽǬǩ ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǷǨǤǯǩDZǬȃ DZǤǮǬdzǬ ǰDzǪDZDz dzǴǬDzǥǴǩǵǶǬ
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Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ DzǶdzǷǵǶǬǶǩ ǓDzǵǯǩ ȁǶDzǧDz ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZǿǭ ǯȂǮ DzǶǮǴDzǩǶǵȃ
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ǵ dzǴDzǺǩǵǵDzǰ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǡǶDz ǰDzǪǩǶ dzǴǬǦǩǵǶǬ Ǯ ǬǫǰǩDZǩDZǬȃǰ
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DzǨǩǪǨǿ Ǩǯȃ ǤǮǶǬǦDZDzǧDz DzǶǨǿǹǤ ǵdzDzǴǶǤ Ǭ ǶǩǮǵǶǬǯȀDZǿǹ ǬǫǨǩǯǬǭ
ǵ dzǷǹDzǰ
ǒǶǮǴDzǭǶǩ dzDzǯDZDzǵǶȀȂ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǕǬDZǶǩǶǬǮǤ
ǦǿǵǶǷdzǤǶȀ dzǩDZǤ
ǓDzǪǤǯǷǭǵǶǤ ǵDzDzǥǽǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZDzǭ ǵǯǷǪǥǩ DZDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ Ǭ ǫǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
ƽǞǏǠǜǝǠǡǫ ǞǝǟǏǕǔǜǗǮ ǬǚǔǙǡǟǗǦǔǠǙǗǛ ǡǝǙǝǛ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ʑ
ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟ Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ƹǟǏǤǛǏǚǔǜǗǔ DžǩǯȀǩ DZǩǯȀǫȃ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤǶȀ ǵ ǮDzDZǨǬǺǬDzDZǩǴDzǰ
ǡǶǬ ǨǤDZDZǿǩ džǿ DZǤǭǨǩǶǩ ǦDZǷǶǴǬ ǫǤǧǴǷǫDzǻDZDzǧDz
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨDzǫǷ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ǩǯȃ ǵǯǩǨǷȂǽǩǭ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ
ǑǤǵDzǵ Ǩǯȃ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǧDz ǴǤǵǶǦDzǴǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZ
ǜǷǰǿ ǦǬǥǴǤǺǬǬ Ǭ
§ ³µ
ǓǴǬǮǴǩdzǬǶǩ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ Ǯ dzDzǯǷ a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
NjǤǸǬǮǵǬǴDzǦǤDZǿ ǯǬ DZDzǪǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ƶǏǠǝǟǔǜǗǔ ǣǗǚǫǡǟ Ǒ ǧǚǏǜǒǔ ǓǚǮ ǞǝǓǏǦǗ ǑǝǓǪ
ǕDzǧDZǷǶ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǪǤǶ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ ǕǯǬǼǮDzǰ DZǬǫǮDzǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ
ǓDzǨǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǬǦǤDZǬǩ ǦDzǫǰDzǪDZDz ǦDz Ǧǵǩǹ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤǹ ǵǶǬǴǮǬ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ ǪǬǨǮDzǧDz
dzǩǴǩǰǩǽǩDZǬǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǕDZǬǫȀǶǩ ǨǤǦǯǩDZǬǩ ǦDzǨǿ Ǧ ǼǯǤDZǧǩ Ǩǯȃ dzDzǨǤǻǬ ǦDzǨǿ
ǰȃǧǮDzǧDz DzdzDzǯǤǵǮǬǦǤǶǩǯȃ ~ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ dzǴǬ DZǩDzǥǹDzǨǬǰDzǵǶǬ dzǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ
ǖDzDZǮDzǩ ǥǩǯȀȄ Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǯȂǮǤ Ǧ DzǶǮǴǿǶDzǭ ǮǴǿǼǮǩ ǺDzǮDzǯȃ Ǩǯȃ
ȁǯǩǮǶǴǬǻǩǵǮǬǰ ǮǯǤdzǤDZDzǰ
ʑ
ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰȇ ǰ DzdzǨǹǹǰǼǰDzǨǾǰǰ ȅǵǭǸǫǶǷǶǺǸǭǩdzǭǵǰȇ ǹǶǫdz njǰǸǭDzǺǰǪȃ
NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
ƹǟǏǧǔǜǗǔ ƽǐǔǠǥǑǔǦǗǑǏǜǗǔ
O ǜǩǴǵǶȀ : Dzǫ DzNJǺǿ dz ǿ
ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯǤ NjǤǧǴǷǫǬǶǩ ǮǴǤǹǰǤǯ Ǧ ǵDzDzǶǦǩǶǵǶǦǬǬ ǵ ǷǮǤǫǤDZǬȃǰǬ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ Ǧ ȃǻǩǭǮǷ Ǩǯȃ
dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȃ ǰǤǼǬDZǿ Ǭ DZǤ ǵdzǬDZǮǩ
Ǧ ǫǤǦǬǵǬǰDzǵǶǬ DzǶ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ
ǛǹǺǨǵǶǪDzǨ ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴȃ Ǭdzȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǶǫdz Ǫ ǨDzǺǻǨdzȄǵǶDZ Ǫ ǵǨǹǺǶȇȁǭǭ ǪǸǭǴȇ ǪǭǸǹǰǰ
ǕDZȃǶǿ ǯǬ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ
ǑDzǰǩǴ ǰDzǨǩǯǬ NjǤǦDzǨǵǮDzǭ DZDzǰǩǴ
ǒǮǴǤǼǬǦǤDZǬǩ dzǴDzǬǫǦDzǨǬǶȀ ǶDzǯȀǮDz Ǧ ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǩ DzǥǿǻDZDzǰ Ǩǯȃ ǨDzǰǤǼDZǬǹ ǷǵǯDzǦǬǭ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ DzǶǪǬǰǤ
ƳǝǑǔǟǫǡǔǠǫ ǙǝǛǞǔǡǔǜǡǜǝǠǡǗ ǗǖǒǝǡǝǑǗǡǔǚǮ ǒǥǴǤǶǬǶǩǵȀ Ǯ DZǤǰ
a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ ƼǏǠǝǠ ǓǚǮ ǠǡǗǟǏǚǫǜǝǒǝ ǟǏǠǡǑǝǟǏ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǜǯǤDZǧ ǵǯǬǦǤ ǦDzǨǿ ǵǯǬǦDZǤȃ ǶǴǷǥǤ ǫǤǵDzǴǩDZǿ a ǕǶǴ njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬǩǭ dzDz ǷǹDzǨǷ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǶǴǤDZǵdzDzǴǶǬǴDzǦDzǻDZǿǩ ǮǴǩdzǯǩDZǬȃ
ǡǶDz ǧǤǴǤDZǶǬǴǷǩǶ džǤǰ ǮǦǤǯǬǸǬǺǬǴDzǦǤDZDZDz ǦǿdzDzǯDZǩDZDZǿǭ ǴǩǰDzDZǶ ǵdzǩǺǬǤǯǬǵǶǤǰǬ dzDz
ʑ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ $ ǀǡǏǟǡ ǓǤǷǫǤ džǿdzDzǯDZǬǶǩ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ Ǧ ǶǩǻǩDZǬǩ DzǮ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ
džǿǥǩǴǬǶǩ ǯȂǥǷȂ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǷ ǮǴDzǰǩ 2 ƾǝǚǝǠǙǏǜǗǔ > ƽǡǕǗǛ ǀǚǗǑ
ȁǮǵdzǯǷǤǶǤǺǬǬ DzǥǵǯǷǪǬǦǤDZǬȂ ǴǩǰDzDZǶǷ Ǭ ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ DzǥDzǴǷǨDzǦǤDZǬȃ ǵ ǬǵdzDzǯȀǫDzǦǤDZǬǩǰ
ǮǴǤǵȃǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ Ƽǔ DzǥǩǵǺǦǩǻǬǦǤǭǶǩ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǵǶǬǴǤǯȀDZDzǭ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
DzǴǬǧǬDZǤǯȀDZǿǹ ǫǤdzǻǤǵǶǩǭ
ǓǩǴǩǥDzǭ Ǧ dzDzǨǤǻǩ ȁǯǩǮǶǴDzȁDZǩǴǧǬǬ
LJǚǏǜǒ ǠǚǗǑǏ ǑǝǓǪ ǜǏ ǛǔǠǡǔ ǞǝǓǠǝǔǓǗǜǔǜǗǮ Ǚ ǠǗǣǝǜǢ ǖǏǠǝǟǔǜ
ǛDzǨǯǨǵǰǭ Ǭdzȇ ǹǸǨǪǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ njdzȇ ǷǸǶǪǭǬǭǵǰȇ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǵǰDZ ǹǺǰǸDzǨ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǪȃǷǶdzǵȇǭǺǹȇ Ǫ ǰǹǷȃǺǨǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ
ǕDzǯȀ ǰDzǪǩǶ ǴǤǫǴǷǼǤǶȀ DZǩǴǪǤǦǩȂǽǷȂ ǵǶǤǯȀ ǕDzǥǯȂǨǤǭǶǩ dzǴǩǨdzǬǵǤDZǬȃ ǬǫǧDzǶDzǦǬǶǩǯȃ
a njDZǵǶǴǷǮǺǬȃ dzDz ǷǵǶǤDZDzǦǮǩ
ʑ
LjǬǵdzǯǩǭ ǯǤǰdzDzǻǮǬ
ǗǵǶǤDZDzǦǬǶǩ dzǩǴǩǮǯȂǻǤǶǩǯȀ dzǴDzǧǴǤǰǰ DZǤ Â ƱǪǙǚ njǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǼǶǩdzǵǩǯȀDZǷȂ
ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬǬ DZǩ
ǒǶǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ DzǶ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZDzǧDz ǮǴǤDZǤ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǯDzǵȀ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀDZDzǩ ǷǵǶǴDzǭǵǶǦDz
ǏǵǨǿǭǵǰȇ ǶǺdzǰǿǨȆǺǹȇ Ǫ ǯǨǪǰǹǰǴǶǹǺǰ ǶǺ ǬǨǪdzǭǵǰȇ ǪǶǬȃ ǮǭǹǺDzǶǹǺǰ ǪǶǬȃ ǰ ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǷǶǹǺǻǷǨȆȁǭDZ ǪǶǬȃ Ǩ ǺǨDzǮǭ
ǛǬǵǶǮǤ ǸǬǯȀǶǴǤ
ǦǬǯǮǷ Ǭǫ ǴDzǫǩǶǮǬ
džDzǨǤ Ǧ dzDzǨǨDzDZǩ ǰǤǼǬDZǤ DZǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZǤ NjǤǮǴDzǭǶǩ ǦDzǨDzdzǴDzǦDzǨDZǿǭ ǮǴǤDZ
§ ´
ǷǸǶǫǸǨǴǴǨǽ ǹ ǻDzǨǯǨǵǵǶDZ ǯǨǫǸǻǯDzǶDZ ǰ ǴǨDzǹǰǴǨdzȄǵȃǴ ǿǰǹdzǶǴ ǶǩǶǸǶǺǶǪ
ǓǴDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ ǰǤǯǩDZȀǮDzǭ ǽǩǶǮǬ
džǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
Ǘ ǗǚǗ Ǩǯȃ ǰDzǨǩǯǩǭ ǕǶǤDZǨǤǴǶ Ǭ
ljǵǯǬ ǦǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǥǯDzǮǬǴDzǦǮǤ džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ a ǕǶǴ
'
ǵǨǷǸȇǮǭǵǰȇ Ǫ ȅdzǭDzǺǸǶǹǭǺǰ ǰ ǪȃǩǸǨǵǵȃǽ ǬǶǷǶdzǵǰǺǭdzȄǵȃǽ ǼǻǵDzǾǰDZ ǶǺ ǷǸǰǪǭǬǭǵǵȃǽ ǯǵǨǿǭǵǰDZ
ǺǭǴǷǭǸǨǺǻǸȃ ǶDzǸǻǮǨȆȁǭDZ ǹǸǭǬȃ ǺǰǷǨ DzǶdzǰǿǭǹǺǪǨ ǰ ǹǺǭǷǭǵǰ ǯǨǫǸȇǯǵǭǵǰȇ ǩǭdzȄȇ ǴǶȆȁǭǫǶ ǹǸǭǬǹǺǪǨ DzǶdzǭǩǨǵǰDZ
ǸǷDZǮǺǬDzDZǬǴǷȂǶ
dž ǵǯǷǻǤǩ dzDzǦǶDzǴDZDzǧDz ǦDzǫDZǬǮDZDzǦǩDZǬȃ DZǩǬǵdzǴǤǦDZDzǵǶǬ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ
ǦDz ǦǴǩǰȃ ǴǤǥDzǶǿ
džǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǬǯǬ ǫǤǰǩDZǬǶǩ dzǴǩǨDzǹǴǤDZǬǶǩǯȀ
ǕDZǬǰǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ ǵDz ǵdzǬDZǮǬ dzǴǬǥDzǴǤ
ǰǤǼǬDZǿ
ǬǫǦǯǩǮǬǶǩ ǸǬǯȀǶǴ ǵ dzDzǰDzǽȀȂ dzǯDzǵǮDzǧǷǥǺǩǦ
ǐǬǧǤǩǶ Ǧ ǵǯǷǻǤǩ ǫǤǧǴǷǫǮǬ ǵǯǬǼǮDzǰ ǥDzǯȀǼDzǧDz ǮDzǯǬǻǩǵǶǦǤ ǰDzȂǽǩǧDz ǵǴǩǨǵǶǦǤ
ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ
DZǩǴǤǦDZDzǰǩǴDZDzǩ ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯǩDZǬǩ ǥǩǯȀȃ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ ǫǤDZDzǦDz
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ ǕǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ ǨǬǵǥǤǯǤDZǵǤ dzǿǶǤǩǶǵȃ ǷǵǶǴǤDZǬǶȀ
ǴǤǵdzǴǩǨǩǯȃȃ ǥǩǯȀǩ Ǧ ǰǤǼǬDZǩ
ǨDzǯȀǼǩ ǻǩǰ DzǥǿǻDZDz
ǓǴDzǧǴǤǰǰǤ ǨǯǬǶǵȃ
ʑ
ª
a ǕǶǴ
džǿǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ dzǴǬǥDzǴ dzDzǨDzǪǨǬǶǩ ǵǩǮǷDZǨ Ǭ ǫǤǶǩǰ ǦǮǯȂǻǬǶǩ ǩǧDz ǵDZDzǦǤ
ƳǟǢǒǗǔ Ǡǝ
Ǭ dzDzǻǬǵǶǬǶǩ ǩǧDz
ǝǐǨǔǜǗǮ ǜǏ
ǓǗǠǞǚǔǔ
džǵǩ Ǧ DZDzǴǰǩ džǮǯȂǻǩDZǤ ǵǬǵǶǩǰǤ ǮDzDZǶǴDzǯȃ dzǩDZDzDzǥǴǤǫDzǦǤDZǬȃ
ljǵǯǬ ǬDZǨǬǮǤǺǬȃ dzDzȃǦǬǶǵȃ ǵDZDzǦǤ ǦǿǫDzǦǬǶǩ ǵǩǴǦǬǵDZǷȂ ǵǯǷǪǥǷ a ǕǶǴ
ǓDzǨǵDzǩǨǬDZǬǶǩ ǼǯǤDZǧ Ǭ dzǴDzǦǩǴȀǶǩ ǧǩǴǰǩǶǬǻDZDzǵǶȀ
džǮǯȂǻǤȂǶǵȃ ǨDzdzDzǯDZǬǶǩǯȀDZǿǩ ǺǬǮǯǿ dzDzǯDzǵǮǤDZǬȃ
Стиральная машина WLO20260OE
WLO20240OE
WLO24260OE
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