Zanussi ZBB 6286: инструкция
Раздел: Бытовая, кухонная техника, электроника и оборудование
Тип: Встраиваемый Холодильник Комби
Характеристики, спецификации
Инструкция к Встраивающему Холодильнику Комби Zanussi ZBB 6286
FRIDGE-FREEZER
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ZBB 6286
INSTRUCTION BOOKLET
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2223 208-47
WARNINGS
It is most important that this instruction book should be retained with the appliance for future
reference. Should the appliance be sold or transferred to another owner, or should you move house
and leave the appliance, always ensure that the book is supplied with the appliance in order that the
new owner can be acquainted with the functioning of the appliance and the relevant warnings.
If this appliance featuring magnetic door seals is to replace an older appliance having a spring lock
(latch) on the door or lid, be sure to make that spring lock unusable before you discard the old
appliance. This will prevent it from becoming a death-trap for a child.
These warnings are provided in the interest of safety. You must read them carefully before installing or
using the appliance.
repair the appliance yourself. Repairs carried out
General Safety
by inexperienced persons may cause injury or
• This appliance is not intended for use by persons
more serious malfunctioning. Refer to your local
(including children) with reduced physical,
Service Centre, and always insist on genuine
sensory or mental capabilities, or lack of
spare parts.
experience and knowledge, unless they have
• This appliance contains hydrocarbons in its
been given supervision or instruction concerning
cooling unit; maintenance and recharging must
use of the appliance by a person responsible for
therefore only be carried out by authorized
their safety.
technicians.
Children should be supervised to ensure that
they do not play with the appliance.
Use
• It is dangerous to alter the specifications or
• The domestic refrigerators and freezers are
modify this product in any way.
designed to be used specifically for the storage
• Before any cleaning or maintenance work is carried
of edible foodstuffs only.
out, be sure to switch off and unplug the appliance.
• Best performance is obtained with ambient
• This appliance is heavy. Care should be taken
temperature between +18°C and +43°C (class T);
when moving it
+18°C and +38°C (class ST); +16°C and +32°C
(class N); +10°C and +32°C (class SN). The
• Ice lollies can cause frost burns if consumed
class of your appliance is shown on its rating
straight from the appliance.
plate.
• Take utmost care when handling your
Warning: when the ambient temperature is not
appliance so as not to cause any damages to
included within the range indicated for the class
the cooling unit with consequent possible
of this appliance, the following instructions must
fluid leakages.
be observed: when the ambient temperature
• The appliance must not be located close to
drops below the minimum level, the storage
radiators or gas cookers.
temperature in the freezer compartment cannot
• Avoid prolonged exposure of the appliance to
be guaranteed; therefore it is advisable to use the
direct sunlight.
food stored as soon as possible.
• There must be adequate ventilation round the
• Frozen food must not be re-frozen once it has
back of the appliance and any damage to the
been thawed out.
refrigerant circuit must be avoided.
• Manufacturers’ storage recommendations should
• For freezers only (except built-in models): an
be strictly adhered to. Refer to relevant
ideal location is the cellar or basement.
instructions.
• Do not use other electrical appliances (such
• The inner lining of the appliance consists of
as ice cream makers) inside of refrigerating
channels through which the refrigerant passes. If
appliances.
these should be punctured this would damage the
appliance beyond repair and cause food loss. DO
Service/Repair
NOT USE SHARP INSTRUMENTS to scrape off
• Any electrical work required to install this
frost or ice. Frost may be removed by using a
appliance should be carried out by a qualified
plastic scraper. Under no circumstances should
electrician or competent person
solid ice be forced off the liner. Solid ice should be
allowed to thaw when defrosting the appliance.
• This product should be serviced by an authorized
Service Centre, and only genuine spare parts
• Do not place carbonated or fizzy drinks in the
should be used.
freezer as it creates pressure on the container,
which may cause it to explode, resulting in
• Under no circumstances should you attempt to
2
damage to the appliance. Do not use a
• Parts which heat up should not be exposed.
mechanical device or any artificial means to
Wherever possible the back of the product should
speed up the thawing process other than those
be against a wall.
recommended by the manufacturer. Never use
metal objects for cleaning your appliance as it
Environment Protection
may get damaged.
This appliance does not contain gasses which
Installation
could damage the ozone layer, in either its
• During normal operation, the condenser and
refrigerant circuit or insulation materials. The
compressor at the back of the appliance heat up
appliance shall not be discarded together with
considerably. For safety reasons, minimum
the urban refuse and rubbish. Avoid damaging
ventilation must be as shown in the instructions.
the cooling unit, especially at the rear near the
heat exchanger. Information on your local
Attention: keep ventilation openings clear of
disposal sites may be obtained from municipal
obstruction.
authorities. The materials used on this appliance
• Care must be taken to ensure that the appliance
marked by the symbol are recyclable.
does not stand on the electrical supply cable.
Important: if the supply cord is damaged, it must
The symbol on the product or on its packaging
be replaced by a special cord or assembly availa-
indicates that this product may not be treated as
ble from the manufacturer or its service agent.
household waste. Instead it shall be handed over to
• If the appliance is transported horizontally, it is
the applicable collection point for the recycling of
possible that the oil contained in the compressor
electrical and electronic equipment. By ensuring this
flows in the refrigerant circuit. It is advisable to
product is disposed of correctly, you will help prevent
wait at least two hours before connecting the
potential negative consequences for the
appliance to allow the oil to flow back in the
environment and human health, which could
compressor.
otherwise be caused by inappropriate waste
• There are working parts in this product which
handling of this product. For more detailed
heat up. Always ensure that there is adequate
information about recycling of this product, please
ventilation as a failure to do this will result in
contact your local city office, your household waste
component failure and possible food loss. See
disposal service or the shop where you purchased
installation instructions.
the product.
CONTENTS
Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Use - Cleaning the interior - Operation - Temperature regulation - Quick-freezing - Freezing fresh food - . . . 4
Use - Storage of frozen food - Ice-cube production - Operation - Temperatur regulation - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fresh food refrigeration - Thawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Use - Movable shelves - Positioning the door shelves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Hints - Hints for refrigeration - Hints for freezing - Hints for storage of frozen food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Maintenance - Periods of no operation - Periodic cleaning - Illumination lamp - Defrosting . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Customer service and spare parts - Technical information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Installation - Location - Shelf-holders - Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Installation - Door reversibility - Building-in instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3
USE
Cleaning the interior
Before using the appliance for the first time, wash
the interior and all internal accessories with luke-
warm water and some neutral soap so as to remove
the typical smell of a brand-new product, then dry
thoroughly.
Do not use detergents or abrasive
powders, as these will damage the finish.
Control panel
A
B
C
D
A. Pilot light
B. Thermostat knob
C. Super control light
D. Normal/Super push button
Operation
Quick-freezing
For quick-freezing, push the Normal/Super button
Use of the freezer
(D). The super control light (C) will then light up.
The Quick-freezing function accelerates the
Insert the plug into the wall socket. The pilot light (A)
freezing of fresh food and, at the same time,
will light up, indicating that the appliance is powered.
protects foodstuffs already stored from undesirable
Turn the thermostat knob (B), clockwise, beyond the
warming.
«O» (STOP) position.
If this function is not ended manually, the appliance
switches off the Quick-freezing function after 52
hours. The yellow light goes out.
Temperature regulation
This function can be ended manually at any time by
The temperature is automatically regulated and can
pressing the Normal/Super button again. The yellow
be increased to achieve a higher temperature
light goes out.
(warmer) by rotating the thermostat knob toward
lower ● settings or reduced (colder) rotating the knob
towards higher ● settings.
Freezing fresh food
The 4-star compartment is suitable for long term
However, the exact setting should be chosen
storage of commercially frozen food and for freezing
keeping in mind that the temperature inside the
fresh food.
refrigerator depends on:
To freeze fresh foods it is not necessary to move the
• room temperature;
thermostat knob from the normal setting. Push the
• how often the door is opened;
Normal/Super push button at least 3 hours before
loading food.
• the quantity of food stored;
Place the food to be frozen in the lower of the
• location of appliance.
freezer compartment as this is the coldest part.
4
Use of the refrigerator
Storage of frozen food
The thermostat is valid for both freezer and
When first starting-up or after a period out of use,
refrigerator compartments.
before putting the products in the compartment let
the appliance run for at least two hours on the
coldest setting, then turn the thermostat knob to the
Temperature regulation
normal operating position.
The temperature is automatically regulated and can
be increased to achieve a higher temperature
Important
(warmer) by rotating the thermostat knob toward
lower ● settings or reduced (colder) rotating the knob
In the event of accidental defrosting, for example
towards higher ● settings.
due to a power failure, if the power has been off
for longer that the value shown in the technical
However, the exact setting should be chosen
characteristics chart under “rising time”, the
keeping in mind that the temperature inside the
defrosted food must be consumed quickly or
refrigerator depends on:
cooked immediately and then refrozen (after
• room temperature;
cooling).
• how often the door is opened;
• the quantity of food stored;
Ice-cube production
• location of appliance.
This appliance is equipped with one or more trays
for the production of ice-cubes. Fill these trays with
water, then put them in the freezer compartment.
Important
Do not use metallic instruments to remove the
If the ambient temperature is high or the
trays from the freezer.
appliance is fully loaded, and the appliance is
set to the lowest temperatures, it may run
continuously causing frost to form on the rear
Thawing
wall. In this case the dial must be set to a higher
Deep-frozen or frozen food, prior to being used, can
temperature to allow automatic defrosting and
be thawed in the refrigerator compartment or at
therefore reduced energy consumption.
room temperature, depending on the time available
for this operation.
Fresh food refrigeration
Small pieces may even be cooked still frozen, directly
from the freezer: in this case, cooking will take longer.
To obtain the best performance:
• do not store warm food or evaporating liquids in
the refrigerator;
• do cover or wrap the food, particularly if it has a
strong flavour.
• Position food so that air can circulate freely round it.
5
Movable shelves
The walls of the refrigerator are equipped with a
series of runners so that the shelves can be
positioned as desired.
For better use of space, the front half-shelves can lie
over the rear ones.
Positioning the door shelves
To permit storage of food packages of various sizes,
the door shelves can be placed at different heights.
To make these adjustments proceed as follows:
Gradually pull the shelf in the direction of the arrows
until it comes free, then reposition as required.
6
D338
HINTS
Hints for refrigeration
• water ices, if consumed immediately after
removal from the freezer compartment, can
Useful hints:
possibly cause frost burns;
Meat (all types): wrap in polythene bags and place
• it is advisable to show the freezing-in date on
on the glass shelf above the vegetable drawer.
each individual pack to enable you to keep a tab
of the storage time;
For safety, store in this way only one or two days
at the most.
• do not put carbonated liquids (fizzy drinks,
etc.) in the freezer compartment as they may
Cooked foods, cold dishes, etc..: these should be
burst.
covered and may be placed on any shelf.
Fruit and vegetables: these should be thoroughly
cleaned and placed in the special drawer(s)
Hints for storage of frozen food
provided.
To obtain the best performance from this appliance,
Butter and cheese: these should be placed in
you should:
special airtight containers or wrapped in aluminium
• not open the door frequently or leave it open
foil or polythene bags to exclude as much air as
longer than absolutely necessary.
possible.
• Once defrosted, food deteriorates rapidly and
Milk bottles: these should have a cap and should
cannot be refrozen.
be stored in the bottle rack on the door.
• Do not exceed the storage period indicated by
Bananas, potatoes, onions and garlic, if not
the food manufacturer.
packed, must not be kept in the refrigerator.
Hints for freezing
To help you make the most of the freezing process,
here are some important hints:
• the maximum quantity of food which can be
frozen in 24 hrs. is shown on the rating plate;
• the freezing process takes 24 hours. No further
food to be frozen should be added during this
period;
• prepare food in small portions to enable it to be
rapidly and completely frozen and to make it
possible subsequently to thaw only the quantity
required;
• wrap up the food in aluminium foil or polythene
and make sure that the packages are airtight;
• do not allow fresh, unfrozen food to touch food
which is already frozen, this avoiding a rise in
temperature of the latter;
7
MAINTENANCE
Periods of non-operation
Unplug the appliance before carrying out
When the appliance is not in use for long periods,
any maintenance operation.
take the following precautions:
Warning
remove the plug from the wall socket;
This appliance contains hydrocarbons in its cooling
unit; maintenance and recharging must therefore
remove all food;
only be carried out by authorized technicians.
defrost and clean the interior and all accessories;
leave the door ajar to allow air to circulate to prevent
unpleasant smells.
Periodic cleaning
Clean the inside with warm water and bicarbonate of
soda. Rinse and dry thoroughly.
Clean the condenser (black grill) and the
compressor at the back of the appliance with a
brush or a vacuum cleaner. This operstion will
improve the performance of the appliance and save
electricity consumption.
Illumination lamp
If it becomes necessary to replace the lamp, press
on the rear hook and at the same time
slide the cover in the direction indicated by the arrow.
Attention:
Replace the lamp with one of the same power (the
maximum power is shown on the light diffuser).
Defrosting
Frost is automatically eliminated from the evaporator
of the refrigerator compartment every time the motor
compressor stops, during normal use. The defrost
water drains out through a trough into a special
container at the back of the appliance, over the
motor compressor, where it evaporates.
It is important to periodically clean the defrost
water drain hole in the middle of the refrigerator
compartment channel to prevent the water from
overflowing and dripping onto the food inside.
Use the special cleaner provided, which you will
find already inserted into the drain hole.
The inner walls of the freezer are automatically
defrosted.
D037
8
CUSTOMER SERVICE AND SPARE PARTS
If the appliance is not functioning properly, check
opening is not obstructed (see “Defrosting”
that:
section).
• the plug is firmly in the wall socket and the mains
• If your appliance is still not working properly after
power switch is on;
making the above checks, contact the nearest
service centre.
• there is an electricity supply (find out by plugging
in another appliance);
To obtain fast service, it is essential that when you
apply for it you specify the model and serial number
• the thermostat knob is in the correct position.
of your appliance which can be found on the
• If there are water drops on the bottom of the
guarantee certificate or on the rating plate located
cabinet, check that the defrost water drain
inside the appliance, on the bottom left-hand side.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Fridge Net Capacity lt.
210
Freezer Net Capacity lt.
55
Energy Consumption kWh/24h
0,86
Energy Consumption kWh/annuo
314
Freezing Capacity kg/24h
4
Rising Time
13
The Technical info are on the rating plate situated on the left inside the appliance.
9
INSTALLATION
ATTENTION!
Location
It must be possible to disconnect the appliance from
The appliance should be installed well away from
the mains power supply; the plug must therefore be
sources of heat such as radiators, boilers, direct
easily accessible after installation.
sunlight etc.
Shelf holders
A
Yourappliance is equipped with shelf retainers that
make it possible to secure the shelves during
transportation.
To remove them proceed as follows:
Raise the shelf from the back, push it in the direction
B
of the arrow until it is freed and remove the retainers.
Electrical connection
Before plugging in, ensure that the voltage and
This appliance complies with the following
frequency shown on the serial number plate
E.E.C. Directives:
correspond to your domestic power supply. Voltage
- 87/308 EEC of 2/6/87 relative to radio interference
can vary by ±6% of the rated voltage.
suppression.
For operation with different voltages, a suitably sized
- 73/23 EEC of 19.2.73 (Low Voltage Directive) and
auto-transformer must be used.
subsequent modifications;
The appliance must be earthed.
- 89/336 EEC of 3.5.89 (Electromagnetic
The power supply cable plug is provided with a
Compatibility Directive) and subsequent
contact for this purpose.
modifications.
If the domestic power supply socket is not earthed,
connect the appliance to a separate conductor in
compliance with current regulations, consulting a
qualified technician.
The Manufacturer declines all responsibility if
the above safety precautions are not observed.
10
Instructions for totally built-in appliances
Door reversibility
The appliance is supplied with the right or
left door opening. To change the opening
direction of the door proceed as in the
following instructions before installing it.
1. Unscrew the upper pin and remove the spacer
2. Remove the upper door and the upper hinge pin.
3. Remove the hinge cover (A). Unscrew the pins
(B) and spacers (C). Fit the hinge cover (A).
4. Unscrew the lower pin and refit it on the opposite
side.
5. Refit the lower door.
6. Refit the pins (B) and the spacers (C) on the
middle hinge on the opposite side.
7. Refit the upper door , the hinge pin and the
spacer on the opposite side .
11
C
B
A
Building-in instructions
Dimensions of housing
Height (1) 1780 mm
Depth (2) 550 mm
Width (3) 560 mm
For safety reasons, minimum ventilation must be as
shown in Fig.
Attention: keep ventilation openings clear of
obstruction.
5
0
540
It is necessary that the niche is provided with a
conduct of ventilation having the following
dimensions:
3
Depth 50 mm
Width 540 mm
2
1
Make sure that a distance of 44 mm is maintained in
the lower part between the kitchen furniture and the
border of the appliance.
The lower hinge cover inserted in the accessories
1
bag, is useful to guarantee the exact position of the
kitchen furniture and the appliance.
Also make sure that the appliance does not clamp
44mm
2
the mains cable
Fasten the appliance with 4 screws provided in the
kit included with the appliance.
(I = short) (P = long)
I
P
Apply the sealing strip pushing it between the
refrigerator and the adjacent cabinet.
12
From the plastic cover (E), which is used to cover the
hinge with the pivot pin, you must take away the part
as indicated in the drawing.
This operation is made easer since there is, in the
internal part of the cover hinge lid a groove that
facilates the removal of this coomponent.
“Remove the part marked with DX, if the pivot pin is
inserted in the right hinge, SX in opposite case.”
Apply covers (C-D) on joint cover lugs and into hinge
holes.
Snap vent grille (B) and hinge covers (E) into
position.
C
D
E
E
B
Separate parts Ha, Hb, Hc, Hd as shown in the
Ha
Hb
figure.
Hc
Hd
ca. 50 mm
Place guide (Ha) on the inside part of the furniture
90°
door, up and down as shown in the figure and mark
the position of external holes. After having drilled
holes, fix the guide with the screws supplied.
90°
ca. 50 mm
Fix cover (Hc) on guide (Ha) until it clips into place
Ha
Hc
13
Open the appliance door and the furniture door at
90°. Insert the small square (Hb) into guide (Ha).
8mm
Put together the appliance door and the furniture
door and mark the holes as indicated in the figure. .
Ha
Hb
Remove the brackets and mark a distance of 8 mm
8mm
from the outer edge of the door where the nail must
be fitted (K).
K
Ha
Place the small square on the guide again and fix it
with the screws supplied.
Should the lining up of the furniture door be
necessary, use the clearance of slots.
At the end of operations, it is necessary to check if
the door of the furniture closes properly.
Hb
Fix cover (Hd) on guide (Hb) until it clips into place.
Hb
If the appliance is to be fitted laterally to the kitchen
unit, it will be sufficient to loosen the screws of the
little plates (E), move them as shown in Fig. and
Hd
then fasten them up again.
After having reversed the opening direction of
the doors check that all the screws are properly
tightened and that the magnetic seal adheres to
the cabinet. If the ambient temperature is cold
(i.e. in Winter), the gasket may not fit perfectly to
the cabinet. In that case, wait for the natural
fitting of the gasket or accelerate this process by
heating up the part involved with a normal
hairdrier.
14
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ÒÓ·ÓÈ ÓÔ‡ÒÌÓÒÚ¸.
• Ç ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ ‰‡ÌÌÓ„Ó ÔË·Ó‡
ÒÓ‰ÂʇÚÒfl ۄ΂Ӊ˚, ÔÓ˝ÚÓÏÛ, Ó·ÒÎÛÊË‚‡ÌË Ë
Á‡Ô‡‚͇ ‰ÓÎÊÌ˚ ‚˚ÔÓÎÌflÚ¸Òfl Î˯¸ ÚÓθÍÓ
ÛÔÓÎÌÓÏÓ˜ÂÌÌ˚Ï ËÁ„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÂÎÂÏ ÔÂÒÓ̇ÎÓÏ.
• é·‡ÚËÚ¸ ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓ ‚ÌËχÌË ̇ ÔÂÂÌÓÒ
ÔË·Ó‡, ˜ÚÓ·˚ Ì Ôӂ‰ËÚ¸ ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚ˚
ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌÓÈ Û
Û
ÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÍË Ë Ô‰ÓÚ‚‡ÚËÚ¸
‚˚ÚÂ͇ÌË ı·‰‡„ÂÌÚ‡.
• èË·Ó Ì ‰ÓÎÊÂÌ ÛÒڇ̇‚ÎË‚‡Ú¸Òfl fl‰ÓÏ Ò
ÓÚÓÔËÚÂθÌ˚
˚
ÏË ·‡Ú‡ÂflÏË ËÎË „‡ÁÓ‚˚ÏË
ÔÎËÚ‡ÏË.
• àÁ·Â„‡Ú¸ ÔÓ‰ÓÎÊËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó ÔÓÔ‡‰‡ÌËfl ̇
ÔË·Ó ÒÓÎ̘Ì˚ı ÎÛ˜ÂÈ.
• ᇉÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÔË·Ó‡ ‰ÓÎÊ̇ ËÏÂÚ¸
‰ÓÒÚ‡ÚÓ˜ÌÛ˛ ˆËÍÛÎflˆË˛ ‚ÓÁ‰Ûı‡. äÓÌÚÛ
ı·‰‡„ÂÌÚ‡ Ì ‰ÓÎÊÂÌ ÔÓ‚Âʉ
‰
‡Ú¸Òfl.
• íÓθÍÓ ‰Îfl ÏÓÓÁËθÌËÍÓ‚ (ÍÓÏ ‚ÒÚÓÂÌÌ˚ı):
̇ËÎÛ˜¯Â ÏÂÒÚÓ ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÍË - ˝ÚÓ Ôӄ·.
• ç ÒÚ‡
‡
‰Îfl ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÍË ÔË·Ó‡, ‰ÓÎÊÌÓ ‚˚ÔÓÎÌflÚ¸Òfl
ÒÔˆˇÎËÒÚÓÏ Ò ‰ÓÔÛÒÍÓÏ.
• çË ‚ ÍÓÂÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ì ÂÏÓÌÚËÓ‚‡Ú¸ ÔË·Ó
Ò‡ÏËÏ. êÂÏÓÌÚ, ‚˚ÔÓÎÌÂÌÌ˚È
ÌÂÍ‚‡ÎËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Ï ÔÂÒÓ̇ÎÓÏ, ÏÓÊÂÚ
ÒÚ‡Ú¸ Ô˘ËÌÓÈ Û˘Â·‡. é·‡ÚËÚÂÒ¸ ‚
·ÎËʇȯËÈ ˆÂÌÚ Ó·ÒÎÛÊË‚‡ÌËfl Ë Á‡Í‡Á˚‚‡ÈÚÂ
ÚÓθÍÓ ÙËÏÂÌÌ˚ Á‡Ô‡ÒÌ˚ ˜‡ÒÚË.
ùÍÒÔÎÛ‡Ú‡ˆËfl
• ÑÓχ¯ÌË ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍË Ë/ËÎË ÏÓÓÁËθÌËÍË
Ô‰̇Á̇˜ÂÌ˚ Î˯¸ ÚÓθÍÓ ‰Îfl ı‡ÌÂÌËfl
Ë/ËÎË Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ ÔËÚ‡ÌËfl.
• èË·Ó ‡·ÓÚ‡ÂÚ Ì‡ËÎÛ˜¯ËÏ Ó·‡ÁÓÏ ÔË
ÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ı: ÓÚ +18°C ‰Ó +43°C
(ä·ÒÒ í); ÓÚ +18°C ‰Ó +38°C (ä·ÒÒ Sí); ÓÚ
+16°C ‰Ó +32°C (ä·ÒÒ N); ÓÚ +10°C ‰Ó +32°C
(ä·ÒÒ SN). ä·ÒÒ ÔË·Ó‡ Û͇Á‡Ì ̇ Ú‡·Î˘ÍÂ,
‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌÌÓÈ ‚ ͇ÏÂÂ, fl‰ÓÏ Ò ÓÚÒÂÍÓÏ ‰Îfl
Ó‚Ó˘ÂÈ.
ÇÌËχÌËÂ
: ÔÓÏËÏÓ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ
Ò‰˚, Ó·ÛÒÎÓ‚ÎÂÌÌ˚ı ÍÎËχÚ˘ÂÒÍËÏ Í·ÒÒÓÏ
ÔË̇‰ÎÂÊÌÓÒÚË ‰‡ÌÌÓ„Ó ÔË·Ó‡, ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ
Òӷβ‰‡Ú¸ ÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ë Û͇Á‡ÌËfl: ÍÓ„‰‡
ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ Ò‰˚ ÓÔÛÒ͇ÂÚÒfl
ÌËÊ ÏËÌËχθÌÓ„Ó ÛÓ‚Ìfl, ÚÓ ‚ ÏÓÓÁËθÌÓÏ
ÓÚÒÂÍ Ì „‡‡ÌÚËÛÂÚÒfl ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ ı‡ÌÂÌËfl
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ ÔÓ˝ÚÓÏÛ, ÂÍÓÏẨÛÂÚÒfl Í‡Í ÏÓÊÌÓ
·˚ÒÚ ÛÔÓÚ·ËÚ¸ ‚ ÔË˘Û ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘ËÂÒfl ‚
ÌfiÏ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚.
• ÇÓ ‚ÒÂı ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌ˚ı ÔË·Ó‡ı ËϲÚÒfl
ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚË, ÔÓÍ˚‚‡˛˘ËÂÒfl ËÌÂÂÏ. Ç
Á‡‚ËÒËÏÓÒÚË ÓÚ ÏÓ‰ÂÎË ˝ÚÓÚ ËÌÂÈ ÏÓÊÂÚ
Û‰‡ÎflÚ¸Òfl ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍË (‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍÓÂ
‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËÂ) ËÎË Ê ‚Û˜ÌÛ˛. çË ‚ ÍÓÂÏ
ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ì Ô˚Ú‡ÈÚÂÒ¸ Û‰‡ÎËÚ¸ ËÌÂÈ Á‡ÓÒÚfiÌÌ˚Ï
Ô‰ÏÂÚÓÏ: ˝ÚÓ ÏÓÊÂÚ ·ÂÁ‚ÓÁ‚‡ÚÌÓ Ôӂ‰ËÚ¸
ËÒÔ‡ËÚÂθ.
ÑÎfl ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı ˆÂÎÂÈ ËÒÔÓθÁÛÈÚ ÒÔˆˇθÌÛ˛
ÎÓÔ‡ÚÍÛ, ÔÓÒÚ‡‚ÎflÂÏÛ˛ ‚ÏÂÒÚÂ Ò ÔË·ÓÓÏ.
‚¸Ú ‚ ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍ ‰Û„ËÂ
• çË ‚ ÍÓÂÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ì Í·‰ËÚ ‚
˝ÎÂÍÚÓÔË·Ó˚ (̇ÔËÏÂ, ÏÓÓÊÂÌˈÛ).
ÌËÁÍÓÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛÌ˚ ÓÚÒÂÍË (ÏÓÓÁËθÌËÍ ËÎË
ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍ) „‡ÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ̇ÔËÚÍË, Ú‡Í Í‡Í
é·ÒÎÛÊË‚‡ÌËÂ Ë ÂÏÓÌÚ
ÓÌË ÏÓ„ÛÚ ‚ÁÓ‚‡Ú¸Òfl.
• ã˛·Ó ËÁÏÂÌÂÌË ·˚ÚÓ‚ÓÈ ˝ÎÂÍÚ˘ÂÒÍÓÈ
ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚, ÍÓÚÓÓ ÏÓÊÂÚ ÒÚ‡Ú¸ ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏ˚Ï
ç‡Ô˜‡Ú‡ÌÓ Ì‡ ÛÚËÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌÓÈ ·Ûχ„Â.
éÉãÄÇãÖçàÖ
êÖäéåÖçÑÄñàà à ÇÄÜçõÖ ëÇÖÑÖçàü /
鷢ˠ҂‰ÂÌËfl Ó ·ÂÁÓÔ‡ÒÌÓÒÚË . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
é·ÒÎÛÊË‚‡ÌËÂ Ë ÂÏÓÌÚ - ùÍÒÔÎÛ‡Ú‡ˆËfl - ìÒÚ‡Ìӂ͇ - ᇢËÚ‡ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ Ò‰˚ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-16
ùäëèãìÄíÄñàü /
óËÒÚ͇ ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı ˜‡ÒÚÂÈ - è‡ÌÂθ ÛÔ‡‚ÎÂÌËfl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
àëèéãúáéÇÄçàÖ åéêéáàãúçàäÄ
- ꇷÓÚ‡ - ê„ÛÎËӂ͇ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ˚ - Å˚ÒÚ‡fl Á‡ÏÓÓÁ͇ . .
á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË ҂ÂÊËı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ - ï‡ÌÂÌË Á‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚ı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ê‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ - èË„ÓÚÓ‚ÎÂÌË ÍÛ·ËÍÓ‚ 艇 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-18
ùäëèãìÄíÄñàü ïéãéÑàã
16
ã
úçàäÄ
/ èÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌË ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍÓÏ - ê„ÛÎËӂ͇ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ˚ . . .
- éı·ʉÂÌË ÔË˘Ë Ë Ì‡ÔËÚÍÓ‚ - èÓÎÍË, „ÛÎËÛÂÏ˚ ÔÓ ‚˚ÒÓÚ - ê‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË ÔÓÎÓÍ . . . . . . . . . 19-20
êÖäéåÖçÑÄñàà /
êÂÍÓÏẨ‡ˆËË ÔÓ Óı·ʉÂÌ˲ - êÂÍÓÏẨ‡ˆËË ÔÓ Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡Ì˲ . . . . . . . . .
êÂÍÓÏẨ‡ˆËË ÔÓ ı‡ÌÂÌ˲ Á‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚ı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
éÅëãìÜàÇÄçàÖ /
èÂËӉ˘ÂÒ͇fl ˜ËÒÚ͇ - éÒ‚ÂÚËÚÂθ̇fl ·ÏÔ‡ - ê‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË . . . . . . . . . . .
èÂËÓ‰˚ ÌÂËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl ÔË·Ó‡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Öëãà ÇéáçàäãÄ çÖàëèêÄÇçéëíú / íÖïçàóÖëäàÖ ÑÄççõÖ
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
ìëí
í
• ç Í·‰ËÚ „Ófl˜Ë ÊˉÍÓÒÚË ËÎË ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚, Ë
Ì ̇ÔÓÎÌflÈÚ ÒÓÒÛ‰˚ Ò Í˚¯ÍÓÈ ÊˉÍÓÒÚ¸˛
ÔÓ‰ „ÓÎ˚¯ÍÓ.
• ç ËÒÔÓθÁÛÈÚ ÌË͇ÍË ÏÂı‡Ì˘ÂÒÍËÂ
ËÌÒÚÛÏÂÌÚ˚ ËÎË ‰Û„Ë Ò‰ÒÚ‚‡ ‰Îfl
ÛÒÍÓÂÌËfl ‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl, ÍÓÏ Û͇Á‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚
‰‡ÌÌÓÏ ÛÍÓ‚Ó‰ÒÚ‚Â.
• ç ÔÓθÁÛÈÚÂÒ¸ ÏÂÚ‡Î΢ÂÒÍËÏË Ô‰ÏÂÚ‡ÏË
‰Îfl ˜ËÒÚÍË ÔË·Ó‡, Ú‡Í Í‡Í ÓÌË ÏÓ„ÛÚ
Ôӂ‰ËÚ¸ „Ó.
ìÒÚ‡Ìӂ͇
• ÇÓ ‚ÂÏfl ÌÓχθÌÓÈ ‡·ÓÚ˚ ÍÓ̉ÂÌÒ‡ÚÓ Ë
ÍÓÏÔÂÒÒÓ, ÍÓÚÓ˚ ̇ıÓ‰flÚÒfl ̇ Á‡‰ÌÂÈ
Ô‡ÌÂÎË ÔË·Ó‡, Á̇˜ËÚÂθÌÓ Ì‡„‚‡˛ÚÒfl.
• ì·Â‰ËÚÂÒ¸, ˜ÚÓ ÛÒÚ‡Ìӂ͇ ·˚· ‚˚ÔÓÎÌÂ̇
Òӄ·ÒÌÓ ËÌÒÚÛ͈ËflÏ ÛÍÓ‚Ó‰ÒÚ‚‡ ÔÓ
˝ÍÒÔÎÛ‡Ú‡ˆËË. ç‰ÓÒÚ‡ÚӘ̇fl ‚ÂÌÚËÎflˆËfl
Ó·flÁ‡ÚÂθÌÓ Ô˂‰fiÚ Í ÔÎÓıÓÈ ‡·ÓÚ Ë
̇ÌÂÒfiÚ Û˘Â· ÔË·ÓÛ.
• ì·Â‰ËÚÂÒ¸, ˜ÚÓ ÔÓÒΠÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÍË ÔË·Ó‡ ÓÌ ÌÂ
ÒÚÓËÚ Ì‡ ÔËÚ‡˛˘ÂÏ Í‡·ÂÎÂ.
ÇÌËχÌËÂ
: ÂÒÎË Í‡·Âθ ÔËÚ‡ÌËfl ÔÓ‚ÂʉfiÌ, ÚÓ
Â„Ó ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ Á‡ÏÂÌËÚ¸ Â„Ó ÒÔˆˇθÌ˚Ï
͇·ÂÎÂÏ ËÎË Í‡·ÂÎÂÏ Ò ‚ËÎÍÓÈ, ÍÓÚÓ˚È ÏÓÊÌÓ
ÔËÓ·ÂÒÚË ‚ ë‚ËÒÌÓÏ ˆÂÌÚÂ.
ÖÒÎË ÔË·Ó Ô‚ÓÁËÚÒfl ‚ „ÓËÁÓÌڇθÌÓÏ
ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËË, ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Ï‡ÒÎÓ,
ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘ÂÂÒfl ‚ ÍÓÏÔÂÒÒÓÂ, ÔÓÔ‡‰fiÚ ‚
ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌ˚È ÍÓÌÚÛ. èÓÒÚ‡‚¸Ú ÔË·Ó ‚
‚ÂÚË͇θÌÓ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË Ì ÏÂÌ ˜ÂÏ Á‡ 2
˜‡Ò‡ Ô‰ Â„Ó ‚Íβ˜ÂÌËÂÏ, ˜ÚÓ·˚ χÒÎÓ
‚˚ÚÂÍÎÓ ‚ ÍÓÏÔÂÒÒÓ.
èË·Ó Ì ‰ÓÎÊÂÌ ÛÒڇ̇‚ÎË‚‡Ú¸Òfl fl‰ÓÏ Ò
ÓÚÓÔËÚÂθÌ˚ÏË ·‡Ú‡ÂflÏË ËÎË „‡ÁÓ‚˚ÏË ÔÎË
ÄçéÇäÄ
/ ê‡ÁÏ¢ÂÌË - ùÎÂÍÚ˘ÂÒÍÓ ÔÓ‰Íβ˜ÂÌË . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
àÁÏÂÌÂÌË ̇ԇ‚ÎÂÌËfl ÓÚÍ˚ÚËfl ‰‚ÂÂÈ - àÌÒÚÛ͈ËË ÔÓ ‚ÒÚÓÂÌÌÓÈ ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚Í ÔË·ÓÓ‚ . . . . . . 25
Ë
•
àÁ·Â„‡Ú¸ ÔÓ‰ÓÎÊËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó ÔÓÔ‡‰‡ÌËfl ̇
ÔË·Ó ÒÓÎ̘Ì˚ı ÎÛ˜ÂÈ.
•
ᇉÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÔË·Ó‡ ‰ÓÎÊ̇ ËÏÂÚ¸
‰ÓÒÚ‡ÚÓ˜ÌÛ˛ ˆËÍÛÎflˆË˛ ‚ÓÁ‰Ûı‡. äÓÌÚÛ
ı·‰‡„ÂÌÚ‡ Ì ‰ÓÎÊÂÌ ÔÓ‚Âʉ‡Ú¸Òfl.
ᇢËÚ‡ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ
Ò‰˚
• чÌÌ˚È ÔË·Ó Ì ÒÓ‰ÂÊËÚ ‚ ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌÓÈ
ÒËÒÚÂÏÂ Ë ‚ ÚÂÔÎÓËÁÓÎflˆËË ‡ÁÛ¯‡˛˘Ëı ÓÁÓÌ
„‡ÁÓ‚. èË·Ó Ì ‰ÓÎÊÂÌ ÛÚËÎËÁÓ‚‡Ú¸Òfl ‚ÏÂÒÚÂ
Ò „ÓÓ‰ÒÍËÏË ÓÚıÓ‰‡ÏË Ë ÏÂÚ‡ÎÎÓÎÓÏÓÏ.
çÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ Ô‰ÓÚ‚‡ÚËÚ¸ ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌ
Ú‡ÏË.
Ì
ËÂ
ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚, ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓ ‚ Á‡‰ÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË,
fl‰ÓÏ Ò ÚÂÔÎÓÓ·ÏÂÌÌËÍÓÏ. àÌÙÓχˆËfl Ó
ˆÂÌÚ‡ı ÛÚËÎË
Ë
Á‡ˆËË ‰ÓÎÊ̇ Ô‰ÓÒÚ‡‚ÎflÚ¸Òfl
ÍÓÏÔÂÚÂÌÚÌ˚ÏË Ó„‡Ì‡ÏË. àÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚
‰‡ÌÌÓÏ ÔË·Ó χÚ¡Î˚ Ò ÒËÏ
Ï
‚ÓÎÓÏ
ÏÓ„ÛÚ ÔÓ‚ÚÓÌÓ ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡Ú¸Òfl.
ëËÏ·ÓΠ̇ ËÁ‰ÂÎËË ËÎË Ì‡ Â„Ó ÛÔ‡ÍÓ‚ÍÂ
Û͇Á˚‚‡ÂÚ, ˜ÚÓ ÓÌÓ Ì ÔÓ‰ÎÂÊËÚ ÛÚËÎËÁ‡ˆËË ‚
͇˜ÂÒÚ‚Â ·˚ÚÓ‚˚ı ÓÚıÓ‰Ó‚. ÇÏÂÒÚÓ ˝ÚÓ„Ó Â„Ó
ÒΉÛÂÚ Ò‰‡Ú¸ ‚ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘ËÈ ÔÛÌÍÚ ÔËÂÏÍË
˝ÎÂÍÚÓÌÌÓ„Ó Ë ˝ÎÂÍÚÓÓ·ÓÛ‰Ó‚‡ÌËfl ‰Îfl
ÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘ÂÈ ÛÚËÎËÁ‡ˆËË. ëӷ≇fl Ô‡‚Ë·
ÛÚËÎËÁ‡ˆËË ËÁ‰ÂÎËfl, Ç˚ ÔÓÏÓÊÂÚ Ô‰ÓÚ‚‡ÚËÚ¸
Ô˘ËÌÂÌË ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ ÒÂ‰Â Ë Á‰ÓÓ‚¸˛ β‰ÂÈ
ÔÓÚÂ̈ˇθÌÓ„Ó Û˘Â·‡, ÍÓÚÓ˚È ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÂÌ, ‚
ÔÓÚË‚ÌÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â, ‚ÒΉÒÚ‚Ë ÌÂÔÓ‰Ó·‡˛˘Â„Ó
Ó·‡˘ÂÌËfl Ò ÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚ÏË ÓÚıÓ‰‡ÏË. ᇠ·ÓÎÂÂ
ÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓÈ ËÌÙÓχˆËÂÈ Ó· ÛÚËÎËÁ‡ˆËË ˝ÚÓ„Ó
ËÁ‰ÂÎËfl ÔÓÒ¸·‡ Ó·‡˘‡Ú¸Òfl Í ÏÂÒÚÌ˚Ï ‚·ÒÚflÏ, ‚
ÒÎÛÊ·Û ÔÓ ‚˚‚ÓÁÛ Ë ÛÚËÎËÁ‡ˆËË ÓÚıÓ‰Ó‚ ËÎË ‚
χ„‡ÁËÌ, ‚ ÍÓÚÓÓÏ Ç˚ ÔËÓ·ÂÎË ËÁ‰ÂÎËÂ.
ùäëèãìÄíÄñàü
óËÒÚ͇ ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı ˜‡ÒÚÂÈ
ç ÔÓθÁÓ‚‡Ú¸Òfl ‡·‡ÁË‚Ì˚ÏË ÏÓ˛˘ËÏË
è‰ ˝ÍÒÔÎÛ‡Ú‡ˆËÂÈ Ë ˝ÎÂÍÚ˘ÂÒÍËÏ
Ò‰ÒÚ‚‡ÏË ËÎË ÔÓӯ͇ÏË, ÍÓÚÓ˚ ÏÓ„ÛÚ
ÔÓ‰Íβ˜ÂÌËÂÏ ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ Ó˜ËÒÚËÚ¸ ‚ÒÂ
Ôӂ‰ËÚ¸ ÓÚ‰ÂÎÍÛ.
‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌË ˜‡ÒÚË ÚÂÔÎÓÈ ‚Ó‰ÓÈ Ò ÌÂÈڇθÌ˚Ï
ÏÓ˛˘ËÏ Ò‰ÒÚ‚ÓÏ ‰Îfl ÛÒÚ‡ÌÂÌËfl ı‡‡ÍÚÂÌÓ„Ó
“Á‡Ô‡ı‡ ÌÓ‚Ó„Ó”, ÔÓÒΠ˜Â„Ó ‚˚ÚÂÂÚ¸ ̇ÒÛıÓ.
è‡ÌÂθ ÛÔ‡‚ÎÂÌËfl
A
B
C
D
A. ã‡ÏÔ‡ ‡·ÓÚ˚ ÏÓÓÁËθÌË͇
C. ã‡ÏÔ‡ ·˚ÒÚÓ„Ó Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl
B. ê͇ۘ ÚÂÏÓ„ÛÎflÚÓ‡ ÏÓÓÁËθÌË͇
D. èÂÂÍβ˜‡ÚÂθ ÂÊËχ Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl
àëèéãúáéÇÄçàÖ åéêéáàãúçàäÄ
ꇷÓÚ‡
Å˚ÒÚ‡fl Á‡ÏÓÓÁ͇
ÇÒÚ‡‚ËÚ¸ ‚ËÎÍÛ ‚ ÓÁÂÚÍÛ. ᇄӇÌË ·ÏÔ˚ (A)
ÑÎfl ·˚ÒÚÓÈ Á‡ÏÓÓÁÍË Ì‡ÊÏËÚ ÍÌÓÔÍÛ
Ó·ÓÁ̇˜‡ÂÚ, ˜ÚÓ ÔË·Ó ÔÓ‰ ̇ÔflÊÂÌËÂÏ.
çÓχθ̇fl/Å˚ÒÚ‡fl Á‡ÏÓÓÁ͇ (D).
èÓ‚ÂÌÛÚ¸ ÔÓ ˜‡ÒÓ‚ÓÈ ÒÚÂÎÍ ۘÍÛ
ᇄÓËÚÒfl Ò˄̇θ̇fl ·ÏÔ‡ (ë) ·˚ÒÚÓÈ
ÚÂÏÓ„ÛÎflÚÓ‡ (B) Á‡ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË “0”, ÔÓ
Á‡ÏÓÓÁÍË.
͇ÈÌÂÈ ÏÂÂ, ‚ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË 1.
îÛÌ͈Ëfl ·˚ÒÚÓÈ Á‡ÏÓÓÁÍË ÛÒÍÓflÂÚ
Ç˚Íβ˜ÂÌË ӷÂÒÔ˜˂‡ÂÚÒfl ÔÓ‚ÓÓÚÓÏ Û˜ÍË
Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË ҂ÂÊËı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ Ë, ‚ ÚÓ ÊÂ
ÚÂÏÓ„ÛÎflÚÓ‡ ‚ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË “0”.
‚ÂÏfl, Á‡˘Ë˘‡ÂÚ ‡Ì Á‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚Â
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ÓÚ ÌÂÊ·ÚÂθÌÓ„Ó Ì‡„‚‡. ÖÒÎË ˝Ú‡
ÙÛÌ͈Ëfl Ì ·˚· ÓÚÍβ˜Â̇ ‚Û˜ÌÛ˛, ÚÓ Ó̇
ê„ÛÎËӂ͇ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ˚
ÓÚÍβ˜ËÚÒfl ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍË ˜ÂÂÁ 52 ˜‡Ò‡.
íÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ „ÛÎËÛÂÚÒfl ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍË Ë
ÜÂÎÚ‡fl ·ÏÔ‡ ÔÓ„‡ÒÌÂÚ. ùÚÛ ÙÛÌÍˆË˛ ÏÓÊÌÓ
ÏÓÊÂÚ ·˚Ú¸ ÔÓ‚˚¯Â̇ (ÏÂÌ ıÓÎӉ̇fl)
ÓÚÍβ˜ËÚ¸ ‚Û˜ÌÛ˛ ‚ β·Ó ‚ÂÏfl, ¢ ‡Á
ÔÓ‚ÓÓÚÓÏ Û˜ÍË Ì‡ ·ÓΠÌËÁÍË Á̇˜ÂÌËfl, ËÎË
̇ʇ‚ ÍÌÓÔÍÛ çÓχθ̇fl/Å˚ÒÚ‡fl Á‡ÏÓÓÁ͇.
ÔÓÌËÊÂ̇ (·ÓΠıÓÎӉ̇fl) ÔÓ‚ÓÓÚÓÏ Û˜ÍË Ì‡
ÜÂÎÚ‡fl ·ÏÔ‡ ÔÓ„‡ÒÌÂÚ.
·ÓΠ‚˚ÒÓÍË Á̇˜ÂÌËfl.
ç‡Ë·ÓΠۉӷÌÓ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ
ÓÔ‰ÂÎflÚ¸ Ò Û˜ÂÚÓÏ ÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı Ù‡ÍÚÓÓ‚:
1. ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ Ò‰˚;
2. ˜‡ÒÚÓÚ‡ ÓÚÍ˚ÚËfl ‰‚ÂË;
3. ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ı‡ÌËÏ˚ı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚;
4. ‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËÂ ÔË·Ó‡.
17
á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË ҂ÂÊËı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚
éÚÒÂÍ, Ó·ÓÁ̇˜ÂÌÌ˚È ÒËÏ‚ÓÎÓÏ ,
Ô‰̇Á̇˜ÂÌ ‰Îfl ‰ÎËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó ı‡ÌÂÌËfl
Á‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚ı ÔÓÏ˚¯ÎÂÌÌ˚Ï ÒÔÓÒÓ·ÓÏ
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ Ë ‰Îfl Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl Ò‚ÂÊËı
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚.
ÑÎfl Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl Ò‚ÂÊËı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚
‚Íβ˜ËÚ ·˚ÒÚÓ Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË Ì ÏÂÌÂÂ,
˜ÂÏ Á‡ 12 ˜‡ÒÓ‚ ‰Ó ÔÓÏ¢ÂÌËfl ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ ‚
ÏÓÓÁËθÌËÍ.
èÓÏÂÒÚËÚ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ‰Îfl Á‡ÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËfl ‚
‚ÂıÌËÈ ÓÚÒÂÍ ÏÓÓÁËθÌË͇, Ú‡Í Í‡Í ˝ÚÓ Ò‡Ï˚È
ıÓÎÓ‰Ì˚È ÓÚÒÂÍ.
ï‡ÌÂÌË Á‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚ı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚
ÇÍβ˜Ë‚ ÏÓÓÁËθÌËÍ ‚ Ô‚˚È ‡Á, ËÎË ÊÂ
ÔÓÒΠÔÓ‰ÓÎÊËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó ÔÂËÓ‰‡ ·ÂÁ‰ÂÈÒÚ‚Ëfl,
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ÏÓÊÌÓ ÛÍ·‰˚‚‡Ú¸ ÚÓθÍÓ ÔÓÒΠÚÓ„Ó,
Í‡Í ÏÓÓÁËθÌËÍ ÔÓ‡·ÓڇΠÌ ÏÂÌ 3 ˜‡ÒÓ‚ ‚
ÂÊËÏ ·˚ÒÚÓÈ Á‡ÏÓÓÁÍË.
ÇÌËχÌËÂ
èË ÒÎÛ˜‡ÈÌÓÏ ‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËË, ̇ÔËÏÂ,
‚‚Ë‰Û ÓÚÍβ˜ÂÌËfl ˝ÎÂÍÚÓÒ̇·ÊÂÌËfl, ÂÒÎË
ÔÂËÓ‰ Ô‚˚¯‡ÂÚ Á̇˜
18
˜
ÂÌËÂ, Ô˂‰ÂÌÌÓ ̇
Ú‡·Î˘Í ÚÂıÌ˘ÂÒÍËı ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚ ÔÛÌÍÚ “‚ÂÏfl
ÔÓ‰˙Âχ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ˚”, ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ ·Û
Û
‰ÂÚ
ÛÔÓÚ·ËÚ¸ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ Í‡Í ÏÓÊÌÓ ÒÍÓÂÂ, ËÎË ÊÂ
ÔË„ÓÚÓ‚ËÚ¸ Ëı Ë Á‡ÏÓÓÁËÚ¸ (ÔÓÒΠÓÒÚ˚‚‡ÌËfl).
ê‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌË ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚
á‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚Â Ë ·˚ÒÚÓÁ‡ÏÓÓÊÂÌÌ˚Â
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡˛ÚÒfl ‰Îfl ÔÓÚ·ÎÂÌËfl ‚
ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌÓÈ Í‡Ï ËÎË ÔË ÍÓÏ̇ÚÌÓÈ
ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛÂ, ‚ Á‡‚ËÒËÏÓÒÚË ÓÚ Ëϲ˘Â„ÓÒfl ‚
‡ÒÔÓflÊÂÌËË ‚ÂÏÂÌË.
ç·Óθ¯Ë ÔÓˆËË ÔË˘Ë ÏÓÊÌÓ ‚‡ËÚ¸ Ò‡ÁÛ
ÔÓÒΠËı ÒÌflÚËfl ËÁ ÏÓÓÁËÎÍË, ÌÓ ‚ ˝ÚÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â
Û‰ÎËÌflÂÚÒfl ‚ÂÏfl ‚‡ÂÌËfl.
èË„ÓÚÓ‚ÎÂÌË ÍÛ·ËÍÓ‚ 艇
èË·Ó Ò̇·ÊÂÌ ‚‡ÌÌӘ͇ÏË ‰Îfl ÍÛ·ËÍÓ‚ 艇.
LJÌÌÓ˜ÍË Á‡ÔÓÎÌfl˛ÚÒfl ‚Ó‰ÓÈ ‚ ‡ÁÏ 3/4 Ëı
‚˚ÒÓÚ˚ Ë ÔÓÏ¢‡˛ÚÒfl ‚ ÏÓÓÁËθÌÛ˛ ͇ÏÂÛ.
äÛ·ËÍË Î¸‰‡ ‚˚ÌËχ˛ÚÒfl ΄ÍËÏ ÒÍۘ˂‡ÌËÂÏ
‚‡ÌÌÓ˜ÍË.
ç ÔÓθÁÓ‚‡Ú¸Òfl, ‰Îfl Û‰‡ÎÂÌËfl ‚‡ÌÌÓ˜ÂÍ ËÁ
ÏÓÓÁËÎÍË, ÏÂÚ‡Î΢ÂÒÍËÏË ËÌÒÚÛÏÂÌÚ‡ÏË.
èÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌË ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍÓÏ
ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍ ÏÓÊÂÚ ‡·ÓÚ‡Ú¸ ÌÂÔÂ˚‚ÌÓ,
Ó·‡ÁÛfl ËÌÂÈ ËÎË Î‰ ̇ Á‡‰ÌÂÈ ÒÚÂÌÍ ͇ÏÂ˚.
íÂÏÓ„ÛÎflÚÓ Ô‰̇Á̇˜ÂÌ Í‡Í ‰Îfl
Ç ˝ÚÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ì
ÏÓÓÁËθÌË͇, Ú‡Í Ë ‰Îfl ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌË͇.
ê„ÛÎËӂ͇ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ˚
íÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ „ÛÎËÛÂÚÒfl ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍË Ë
ÏÓÊÂÚ ·˚Ú¸ ÔÓ‚˚¯Â̇ (ÏÂÌ ıÓÎӉ̇fl)
ÔÓ‚ÓÓÚÓÏ Û˜ÍË Ì‡ ·ÓΠÌËÁÍË Á̇˜ÂÌËfl, ËÎË
éı·ʉÂÌË ÔË˘Ë Ë Ì‡ÔËÚÍÓ‚
ÔÓÌËÊÂ̇ (·ÓΠıÓÎӉ̇fl) ÔÓ‚ÓÓÚÓÏ Û˜ÍË Ì‡
·ÓΠ‚˚ÒÓÍË Á̇˜ÂÌËfl.
ÑÎfl ̇ËÎÛ˜¯Â„Ó ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌË͇
ç‡Ë·ÓΠۉӷÌÓ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ
ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ:
ÓÔ‰ÂÎflÚ¸ Ò Û˜ÂÚÓÏ ÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı Ù‡ÍÚÓÓ‚:
Ì ÒÚ‡‚ËÚ¸ ‚ ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌËÍ „Ófl˜Ë Ôˢ‚˚Â
1. ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ Ò‰˚;
ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ËÎË Ó·‡ÁÛ˛˘Ë ԇ ÊˉÍÓÒÚË;
2. ˜‡ÒÚÓÚ‡ ÓÚÍ˚ÚËfl ‰‚ÂË;
̇Í˚Ú¸ ËÎË ÛÔ‡ÍÓ‚‡Ú¸ ‚ ÔÎÂÌÍÛ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚, ‚
3. ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ı‡ÌËÏ˚ı ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚;
ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓÒÚË ÂÒÎË ÓÌË ÒÓ‰ÂÊ‡Ú ‡ÓχÚÌ˚Â
4. ‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËÂ ÔË·Ó‡.
‚¢ÂÒÚ‚‡;
ÛÎÓÊËÚ¸ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ Ú‡ÍËÏ Ó·‡ÁÓÏ, ˜ÚÓ·˚ ‚ÓÁ‰Ûı
ÏÓ„ Ò‚Ó·Ó‰ÌÓ ÔÓıÓ‰ËÚ¸ ÏÂÊ‰Û ÌËÏË.
ÇÌËχÌËÂ!
Ç˚·Ë‡fl ÌËÁÍÛ˛ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛÛ ÔË ÔÓ‚˚¯ÂÌÌÓÈ
ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ ÓÍÛʇ˛˘ÂÈ Ò‰˚ Ë ÔË
Á̇˜ËÚÂθÌÓÏ ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Â ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚,
19
Ì
ÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏÓ Ô‚ÂÒÚË Û˜ÍÛ
ÚÂÏÓ„ÛÎflÚÓ‡ ̇ ·ÓΠ‚˚ÒÓÍÛ˛
ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛÛ, ˜ÚÓ·˚ Ó·ÂÒÔ˜ËÚ¸ ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒ
Ò
ùäëèãìÄíÄñàü ïéãéÑàãúçàäÄ
ÍÓÂ
‡ÁÏÓ‡ÊË‚‡ÌËÂ, ‡, ÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓ, ÏÂ̸¯ËÈ
‡ÒıÓ‰ ˝ÎÂÍÚÓ˝Ì„ËË.
èÓÎÍË, „ÛÎËÛÂÏ˚ ÔÓ ‚˚ÒÓÚÂ
ÇÌÛÚÂÌÌË ÒÚÂÌ˚ ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌË͇ Ò̇·Ê‡˛ÚÒfl
̇ԇ‚Îfl˛˘ËÏË, ÔÓÁ‚ÓÎfl˛˘ËÏË ‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËÂ
ÔÓÎÓÍ Ì‡ ‡ÁÌ˚ ‚˚ÒÓÚ˚.
ÑÎfl ̇ËÎÛ˜¯Â„Ó ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌ„Ó
Ó·˙Âχ Ô‰ÌË ÔÓÎÓ‚ËÌ˚ ÔÓÎÓÍ ÏÓÊÌÓ
ÔÓÎÓÊËÚ¸ ̇ Á‡‰ÌËÂ.
D338
ê‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË ÔÓÎÓÍ
èÓÎÍË ıÓÎÓ‰ËθÌË͇ ÏÓ„ÛÚ ÛÒڇ̇‚ÎË‚‡Ú¸Òfl ̇
‡ÁÌ˚ ‚˚ÒÓÚ˚.
ùÚÓ Ó·ÂÒÔ˜˂‡ÂÚ ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓÒÚ¸ ‡ÁÏ¢ÂÌËfl ̇
ÌËı ÛÔ‡ÍÓ‚ÓÍ ‡ÁÌ˚ı ‡ÁÏÂÓ‚.
èÓÒÚÂÔÂÌÌÓ Ì‡ÊËχfl ̇ ÔÓÎÍÛ ‚ ̇ԇ‚ÎÂÌËË,
Û͇Á‡ÌÌÓÏ ÒÚÂÎÓÈ, ÒÌflÚ¸ ÔÓÎÍÛ Ë ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ËÚ¸ ÂÂ
‚ ÌÛÊÌÛ˛ ÔÓÁËˆË˛.
20
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